How to develop English learning strategies for primary school students

“Tall buildings rise from the ground.” This sentence illustrates the importance of the foundation. Learning at the primary school level is the foundation for a person's lifelong learning. There was a report that in the United States, a group of scientists who had won the Nobel Prize were having a party together. A reporter interviewed one of the old men and asked him which university he studied at or which laboratory he worked in. His Nobel Prize was directly related. The old scientist thought for a while and answered "kindergarten". This rather dramatic answer actually tells us the importance of foundation. This old scientist started the first step of learning, the first step of cooperating with others, and the first step of understanding society in kindergarten. Many first steps laid a solid foundation for him to make huge scientific contributions in the future. For primary school English teaching, it is very important for students to develop good study habits.

In order for students to develop good study habits, we should pay attention to the learning process of primary school students. When primary school students learn English, they should not just focus on the results, but also the process. In a sense, the process is more important than the result, because only in the learning process can we discover whether our primary school students have the initiative to learn, whether they have a sense of cooperation, whether they have the awareness to overcome difficulties, and whether they have mastered the correct knowledge. Learning methods, etc. In other words, we focus on the process of primary school students learning English, that is, paying attention to our students from the perspective of emotions, attitudes, and values, so that they can develop good English learning habits and master correct English learning strategies. It is these things that will benefit them throughout their lives.

1. What good study habits should primary school students develop when learning English?

The first is the habit of "opening your mouth". To learn English, you must speak boldly, read and speak. There is a phrase in English called "mother tongue", which literally means "mother's tongue". It can be seen that learning a language must first use the mouth, and the habit of speaking is mainly reflected in reading, reciting and speaking English. Reading aloud is a basic skill for learning English, because reading aloud can train correct pronunciation and intonation and enhance the sense of language. Language sense is an intuition about language. Once the language sense is formed, it will not be thrown away easily. The best time to train reading is generally speaking, morning reading and classroom reading are the most important. Morning reading is free-style reading, which allows you to express yourself freely, so Marshal Chen Yi strongly advises students to "get up early in the morning and take foreign language materials to the playground to read aloud." Classroom reading is often under the control of the teacher. We might as well call it mandatory reading. The advantage of this reading method is that you can get timely guidance from the teacher. Of course, the reading time should not be too long. Stop when you feel tired. Reciting has always been regarded as a good way to learn by the Chinese. When Chinese people learn English, they should encourage memorization. With the habit of reciting, there is a foundation for speaking. We often say, "If you have read 300 Tang poems by heart, you can recite them even if you don't know how to compose them." Recitation can help us naturally learn the practical use of words, idioms and sentence patterns. It is also an important way to gain a sense of language. Speaking English means boldly communicating with teachers using the English you have learned inside and outside class. For example, during class, boldly communicate with the teacher in English, saying “I’m sorry, I don’t know” and “Let me try”. When meeting teachers and classmates after class, I also try my best to speak English, such as "Good morning", "Let's go home", "See you tomorrow", etc.

The second is the habit of "imitation". When primary school students learn English, "imitation" is very important. When learning phonetic symbols, you should observe the teacher's mouth shape and then imitate it. When learning words, be sure not to add Chinese pronunciations to the words, such as "desk" (Desike), "Europe" (oil radish), etc. When reading the text aloud, listen carefully to the sample reading on the tape and pay attention to imitating the authentic pronunciation and intonation. When imitating, try to learn one sentence and follow the same sentence as much as possible. If you start having trouble keeping up, take your time until you catch up.

The third is the habit of "correct writing". Primary school English is mainly based on listening and speaking, but the basic skills training of writing cannot be ignored. Many primary school students do not pay attention to correct English writing, punctuation, scribbling, and words. The stroke order is not equal.

The fourth is the habit of using organs simultaneously. The so-called simultaneous use means to mobilize the enthusiasm of relevant organs to see, hear, read orally, write by hand, and memorize by brain. For example, if you only memorize a word silently, it will be difficult to remember it. If you listen, read orally, and write by hand, you will remember it quickly. If you use it a few times, you will remember it firmly. This kind of comprehensive training is valuable in persistence.

2. What strategies should primary school students master to learn English?

Learning strategies are an aspect of students’ comprehensive language use ability. There is a special discussion in the English curriculum standards: "Learning strategies refer to the various actions and steps students take in order to learn and develop effectively. ... In English teaching, teachers should consciously help students form learning strategies that suit themselves, and have the ability to The ability to constantly adjust their own learning strategies. In the implementation of English courses, helping students to effectively use learning strategies will not only help them grasp the direction of learning and adopt scientific methods to improve learning efficiency, but also help them form independent learning. Ability to lay the foundation for lifelong learning.”

The first is cognitive strategies. Cognitive strategies are the steps and methods that guide students to take to complete specific learning tasks.

For example, primary school students often find it difficult to memorize words. In fact, there are methods for memorizing words. Teachers can guide primary school students to use the classification method to memorize words:

Fruits: apple, banana, grape, orange, peach…

Animals: horse, cat, dog, elephant, sheep , tiger, lion…

Weather type: sunny, fine, rainy, windy, dry, wet…

Orientation type: east, south, west, north, front, back…< /p>

The second is the control strategy. Regulation strategies refer to students’ strategies for planning, implementing, reflecting, evaluating and adjusting learning. For example, guide primary school students to formulate a simple study plan and make advance requirements for their study in the next semester or month. This requirement is not necessarily all-inclusive, just put forward a few main indicators based on your actual situation. For example, how many short stories to read, how many words to remember, how many minutes of recording to listen to every day, etc. For another example, teachers guide primary school students to review their weekly or monthly English learning, that is, to reflect and think about the progress they have made in English learning and what shortcomings they have.

The third is communication strategy. Communication strategies are various strategies that guide students to adopt in order to obtain more communication opportunities, maintain communication and improve communication effects. The teacher's responsibility is to let primary school students have the desire and performance to strive for more communication opportunities, and at the same time give primary school students more opportunities to communicate with themselves. For example, primary school students should be encouraged to speak more English outside class and take the initiative to say hello and talk in English when meeting English teachers and foreign friends. Although primary school students don't say much, and they may not necessarily say it right, they just need to dare to say it. Many of our schools open English corners and English supermarkets after school hours to allow primary school students to freely participate in English-speaking activities. This actually stimulates primary school students' desire to speak English. In addition, we also need to let primary school students learn the most commonly used phrases such as "Sorry, Ex-cuse me, Thank you, Pardon". This is an important means of maintaining communication and is also the most frequently used communication word by English-speaking people.

The fourth is resource strategy. Resource strategies are strategies for students to use a variety of media reasonably and effectively to use English. Nowadays, primary school students have far more resources for learning English than before, especially in coastal areas. In teaching, we must make primary school students understand that textbooks are not the only resource for learning English. In addition to using textbooks to learn English, primary school students should be guided to make full use of various resources to learn English. For example, English TV, English radio, English movies, English newspapers, various bilingual signs in the city, etc. The word "news" is not in primary school textbooks, but we can learn this word from TV; the word "airport" is not in primary school textbooks, but we can learn it from the traffic signs on the highway leading to the airport. We can also learn "supermarket" from the store's signboard, and "bank" from the bank's signboard. We must especially guide primary school students to use the Internet for online learning. In my daily teaching, I regularly assign online homework to students, requiring students to search online to collect relevant information after returning home, and then organize the information and display it to the whole class. When the New Year arrived, she asked her classmates to collect information about New Year celebrations from around the world on the Internet, and then asked the students to exchange this information in groups.

At present, our basic education curriculum reform places great emphasis on the process and methods of student learning. Paying attention to students' learning process means paying attention to the learning strategies formed and surfaced by students in the process. These learning strategies will directly affect the learning of primary school students in middle school and college.