Vienna and the Rise and Fall of the Habsburg Family (1)

Note: This article is compiled based on relevant historical data (1) The rise of the Habsburg family in Vienna. The Danube River is one of the most important rivers in Europe. Together with the Rhine River, it is called the mother river of Europe. Many great European cities sit along the Danube River, and Vienna is one of them. Vienna is known as the imperial city. Many great historical stories have been performed in this city and many great historical figures have been cultivated. From Suleiman the Magnificent to Napoleon, from Mozart to ***, from Freud to Hitler and Stalin, from the confrontation between Christianity and Christianity, from the war between Catholicism and Protestantism, all this is because of one family, A dynasty. When this family was at its most powerful, its territory stretched from Peru to Poland, from the Netherlands to Naples. This dynasty was the Habsburg dynasty. Vienna arose because of the Habsburg dynasty and witnessed the rise and fall of the dynasty. The Habsburg dynasty also confirmed how Vienna became a royal city, a major European city and a world capital. Vienna on the Danube, between the German Black Forest and the Black Sea. The Romans were the first to realize its important strategic location. During the ancient Roman period, Vienna served as the front line against the Germanic barbarians and became the dividing line between the Roman Empire and the barbarians. The influence of ancient Rome on the history of Vienna lies in the subsequent city construction. The Germans like to use the city ruins left by the Romans to show the glory of their future empire. The Habsburgs transformed Vienna from a frontier town into a cosmopolitan city, using a variety of expressive techniques, architecture, sculpture, music, art and theater scenes to decorate the city and simultaneously demonstrate their power. Mozart, Beethoven, Strauss and *** used Vienna as the stage to create huge miracles in the history of world music. Vienna is also a hotbed of modern thinkers. The city of Vienna is a great imperial historical drama. This great historical drama contains many conquerors, various mistresses, great composers, magnificent palaces, solemn churches and distinctive buildings. Cafés; embodying culture, ideas, governance and the racial ideas that killed millions of people, as well as beautiful philosophical ideas for world civilization, Vienna is also the capital of the soul. Historically, after the fall of the Roman Empire, Central Europe became a battlefield for tribes and warlords. They have many different historical heritages. The things left by the ancient Romans include the use of Latin and the belief in Christianity. The brilliant and cruel Frankish emperor Charlemagne in the 8th century unified most of Europe. Charlemagne created the concept of a pan-European state, the new Roman Empire with two pillars, Christianity and the kings of continental Europe, the latter being called the Holy Roman Emperor. In 800 AD, Charlemagne was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the Pope. From then on, the Holy Roman Empire ruled most of Europe. These Holy Roman Emperors eventually legally became the kings of the Great German Empire that ruled Europe in the name of Christianity, and later gradually expanded to France, Italy and Bohemia. At this time, Vienna was just a very inconspicuous city on the edge of the empire. But in the 12th century, Vienna increasingly became the center of German civilization. The establishment of St. Stephen's Cathedral, a masterpiece of Roman and Gothic architecture, became the city center of Vienna at that time. The completion of the church in 1137 marked the first time Vienna was called a city. Centuries later, the church remains the center and stage of Vienna. When the first Habsburg Grand Duke became the Holy Roman Emperor, he carved the mysterious European power code, ""AEIOU"" on the altar of the church. He carved this code in various places in the empire. When he was alive, no one Knowing this historical meaning, he revealed the meaning of the subtitles before his death, ""Austria rules the world" and "Alles Erdreich ist Osterreich untertan." In the next 500 years, Vienna became the capital of the Habsburg dynasty and in fact the Holy Rome. The headquarters of the empire. The story of the rise of the Habsburg Empire contains many carnival heroes and continuous bloody medieval wars. The Habsburg family rose in 1273, and the prince of the family was elected as the German king. He was named Rudolf. From the Habsburg family, they arose in a Swiss castle, an alpine eagle's nest, called Habsburg. Now he extended his power to Austria. Rudolf was 55 years old, and the center of power at the time thought that he would not be right. They posed a threat, but they were wrong. Rudolf was old by medieval standards when he was elected Holy Roman Emperor, but he would go on to rule in Vienna for another 17 years and the Habsburgs would dominate Europe for the next 500 years. , but Rudolf's rise to power was not unchallenged. His opponents for controlling Central Europe mainly came from the north - King Otoka of Bohemia. In 1278, Otoka and the Bohemian army began to move south towards the Danube River. Rudolf and the army came out from Vienna to confront each other. The decisive battle between Rudolf von Habsburg and Ottokar took place in Maxifield, east of Vienna. In August 1278, the two sides fought fiercely. The battle lasted all day, and the weather changed. It was so hot that the armored warriors began to faint. At this time, Rudolph sent out his reserve cavalry and wiped out the Bohemians. Faced with defeat, the Bohemians killed their king, and Ottokar was stripped of his clothes and executed. , Rudolf murdered him in the streets of Vienna. This war marked the birth of a great European dynasty and changed the historical destiny of Vienna.

Rudolf died in 1291 and his son Albert succeeded him, first as Duke of Austria and finally as King of Germany. Albert was a shrewd ruler with a terrifying personality, viciousness and arrogance. He was blind in one eye, making him easily identifiable. Someone tried to poison him. The doctor insisted that he hang upside down for a long time to let the poison seep out. During this period, for some reason, he lost his eyeball, so everyone called him ""One-eyed Albert"". Albert had a terrible reputation. He not only targeted his opponents, but also poisoned his own family, which ultimately led to his destruction. May 1308 One day, Albert rode with his entourage, including his 19-year-old nephew John. During the journey, John tried to persuade Albert to return the land he had taken from his family. Albert refused, and the angry John crossed the river and gathered a group of assassins. , when Albert crossed the river, they waited to attack him, stabbed him, and left him to die in a pool of blood. The murderers escaped and were hunted mercilessly by Albert's descendants. One day, Albert's children presided over a crazy revenge. At the moment when 63 of John's relatives were beheaded, Albert's daughter looked up to the sky and screamed. The bitter family feud stalled the rise of the Habsburg family, and the Habsburg family lost power in Germany for 30 years. But it is still one of the most powerful families in the Holy Roman Empire. What awaits the Habsburg family is a historical renaissance.

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