Knowledge of Sea Salt Brine Production (Advanced)

Brine production is an important process to ensure the production of sea salt. The evaporation in different seasons is different, so it is particularly important to do a good job of connecting the four seasons and brine.

(1) Four Seasons Halogen Method

1, spring.

In early spring, all the salt water should be thoroughly investigated. Before and after the spring, the brine in each step is concentrated and stored deeply, and the pond is inverted to dry and press the pond board, and then a part of the brine is taken out to line up to lay the bottom, and the salinity and hardness are gradually increased to increase the salinity of the pond board, reduce infiltration, and then gradually deepen to meet the requirements of depth and concentration. Combined with the weather conditions, water is taken once a day or several days.

In the peak season of production, the evaporation is large, the continuous sunny days are long, and the precipitation is less. The crystallization area needs saturated brine most, and the brine in the brine irrigation pool is deep. Salt water is usually discharged once a day in peak season, and the depth of drainage is determined by evaporation, the amount of salt water used in crystallization pool, and the concentration of salt water in each step of pool adjustment and evaporation. In the peak season, we should use ditches and miscellaneous places to make brine, expand the area of brine making, strive for more brine making, meet the demand for brine in the crystallization area, and achieve a balance between supply and demand.

2. rainy season.

This is the key moment of the year when the production season changes from prosperous production to rainy season. Generally, the northern salt areas begin in mid-June, and due to the increase of precipitation times and rainfall, the evaporation on sunny days is very large during this period. Therefore, it is appropriate to use the method of dilute flooding and deep storage to make brine, so as to realize both sides as soon as possible, that is, low-concentration brine becomes high-concentration brine and high-concentration brine becomes salt.

3. Autumn.

The climate characteristic of autumn in northern salt areas is that the evaporation decreases from large to small, and decreases at the end of autumn, and the influence of wind on evaporation increases, that is, "it is sunny in spring and windy in autumn", so we should pay attention to adding halogen to the wind and strive for more halogen.

In the early stage of autumn sun-drying, salt water is queued, so that the concentration of salt water in each step of salt water production is connected with each other, and at the same time, the concentration of evaporation pool plates in each part is increased to meet the needs of salt water production. Brine production mode is mainly "deep storage and sparse flushing".

There are many sunny days in the middle of autumn sunshine, but the temperature and evaporation decrease day by day. It is necessary to make full use of the weather, do a good job in making brine, and drain all the preserved heavy brine and put it into autumn sun production. In the middle of autumn sun drying, the running time should be carried out after dew evaporation, and the running depth should be determined according to the evaporation and the demand for brine in the crystallization tank to ensure the balance between supply and demand.

After autumn sun exposure, normal brine production should be carried out in the upper regulating pool and evaporation pool of the crystallization pool to be wintered in the northern salt area, and saturated brine should be produced as much as possible to meet the needs of wintering crystallization. Those who don't overwinter should be prepared to repair the beach and make brine.

4. Winter.

The winter climate is characterized by low temperature, high wind speed and low evaporation. Therefore, when making brine at low temperature, we should make full use of windy days, bite brine in the wind, and keep the degree increasing. There is little difference in the bittern degree of windward bittern biting, which is generally at 1-3 Baume degree, and the bittern biting depth should be determined according to the wind force and temperature. In winter, the depth of the brine crystallization pool should be shallow, so that the amount of brine can be increased after the wind, but the concentration cannot be reduced.

(B) the four seasons of salt water convergence

Brine production is a year-round work. According to the climate characteristics of each season, measures should be taken after the weather, appropriate brine making methods should be adopted, the brine making process should be optimized, and effective evaporation should be fully utilized to make more brine. Minimize the loss of rainfall, do a good job of "three rains", and resume production in time by means of preserving brine, collecting salt, draining water and returning brine.

In the northern salt areas, the annual brine production can be divided into four stages: peak season (March-June), rainy season (July-August), autumn (9-165438+1October) and winter (65438+2-February). The characteristics of each stage are as follows:

The peak season is long, the daily evaporation is large, the precipitation is small, the wind speed is high, and the humidity is low, which is the golden season for making brine. The evaporation in autumn is small, and the daily evaporation is about 3 mm, but due to the high humidity, it is a disadvantage to brine making, especially for high-grade brine. Although the evaporation in rainy season is large, the precipitation and relative humidity are particularly large, which poses a serious threat to brine production. If the equipment conditions are insufficient or the facilities are unfavorable, the production of brine in rainy season may not be worth the loss. Although there is little precipitation in winter, the temperature is low, the daily evaporation is small, and the amount of brine is obviously reduced. It is important to make salt water on windy days in winter.

In a word, the process of making brine in four seasons must adapt to the changeable meteorological conditions, seriously consider the relationship between evaporation, infiltration, precipitation and making brine, and be flexible according to the time. Can be considered from the following aspects:

1, reasonably arrange waterways and strictly control gates.

After the waterway is determined, it is necessary to run the water in time and strictly control the gate. Under normal circumstances, the concentration of brine in each step is basically stable, so as to prevent brine from passing through the door and avoid deep and low running water and high and low concentrations.

2. Determine the appropriate salt water depth.

In a certain depth range, the deeper the brine, the more solar energy it absorbs and the greater the evaporation, especially on windy days. Deep-water brine extraction should be used in northern salt areas, but it should be noted that more brine extraction is for salt production. If there are many brines left over from the previous year, the bottom water of evaporation pools in early spring will be thick, but shallow.

Measure salt water irrigation, so that salt water can be completely converted into salt. If the stock of evaporation pool is deep in early spring, it is necessary to expand the crystallization area, make more brine, use more brine and avoid nesting brine. In the peak season, it is necessary to check the inflow of fresh water in the evaporation pool in a planned way, so as to make the brine at all levels that consume a lot of evaporation gradually shallow, shorten the period of brine formation, and make the brine saturated in large quantities. In addition to ensuring the needs of the crystallization pool, excess saturated brine and high-grade brine will be preserved before the rainy season.

Deep-water brine production has the following measures in specific operations:

(1) According to the road water storage capacity, the bottom water is laid, and the salt water biting method is adopted;

(2) Each water running system runs water in turn, so as to prolong the stay days of each evaporation system, increase the depth of each drainage, and at the same time, reduce the average flow rate of salt water on the beach during evaporation, and reduce the evaporation resistance, which is beneficial to evaporation;

(3) Bite bittern against the wind in dry windy days, keep the degree increment and increase the depth.

(3) Measures to deal with abnormal weather

Abnormal weather generally includes rainfall, strong wind, cold current, snowfall, typhoon and other abnormal weather.

To make salt water in abnormal weather, we must analyze the specific situation and take corresponding effective measures:

1, rainfall measures

In order to reduce rainfall loss, two principles should be followed in the operation of brine making process: brine retention and brine return. To preserve brine, brine should be preserved before it rains. Generally, high-concentration brine is preserved first, and then low-concentration brine is preserved. After the rain, the brine storage pool will be emptied.

Brine removal is an important operation to resume production after rain. After the rain clears, it is necessary to quickly take out the brine from the brine storage equipment with different concentrations and return them to the evaporation tanks in each step. Generally, high-concentration brine is returned first, and then low-concentration brine is returned.

2, windy weather measures

Generally, the evaporation increases in windy days, which is beneficial to making brine. Generally, brine is added to the windward to increase the preservation degree. In the production season, the brine should be deepened in the crystallization tank to maintain the salt quality and increase the output.

3, cold protection measures

When the weather is cold, the evaporation capacity is weak due to the sudden drop of temperature. Generally, the brine extraction area of the beach should be expanded to prevent the water surface of the evaporation pool from freezing and reduce the brine extraction capacity. Due to the low temperature, a large amount of mirabilite is usually precipitated in middle and high-grade brine. Therefore, after the cold current, mirabilite can be added to help catch up with the saturated brine precipitated by mirabilite, which is beneficial to salt production in winter.

4. Snowfall measures

Snowfall is more harmful to brine production than rainfall, and it is more difficult to deal with it. Generally, Xiaoxue does not take measures. When it snows heavily, it is necessary to clean up the snow in the ditch first, so as to recover the brine.

5. Typhoon measures

Typhoon is extremely strong, which often brings heavy rain, and often does the greatest harm to the salt industry, destroying production and production equipment, and endangering the safety of houses and people. Before the typhoon comes, the flood control and moisture-proof equipment such as dams must be carefully inspected and maintained in advance to ensure the safety of the saltworks, organize rescue teams and prepare all rescue tools. Attention should be paid to people's personal safety in the rescue and protection work. After the typhoon, the weather generally turns better in sunny days, so it is necessary to resume production of brine.

(4) Matters needing attention in brine production from sea salt

1, the direction of water, should be based on the downward direction of evaporation pool to adopt the method of flat straight line operation.

2, the number of times the water goes, it should go once every two days in the rainy season, and once or twice a day in the rainy season.

3. The depth of running water. Generally speaking, bottom water bittern making method should be adopted in rainy season, and shallow water bittern making method or one card and one time bittern making method should be adopted in rainy season.

4. Strengthen brine production in windy days. In case of dry and windy weather, increase the depth of brine making in time according to different situations.

5. Expand the area of evaporated brine. Brine should be used in all ditches and open spaces, but the ditches should be emptied before precipitation, so as to store brine and drain light.

6. To make brine by freezing in northern salt areas, expand the area of brine by evaporation as much as possible, reduce the frozen area, and do a good job of extracting brine under ice.