Random notes on the trip to Lushan mountain

My understanding of Lushan Mountain comes from the poems and songs written by the ancients and the landscape paintings they painted. Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, "Looking at Lushan Waterfall", "Rizhao incense burner gives birth to purple smoke. Looking at the hanging waterfalls in Qianchuan from afar, flying to thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days. " Su Shi, a poet in the Song Dynasty, wrote a poem called Xilin Wall, which is "shaped like a mountain peak with different heights." . I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I am only on this mountain. "Mao Zedong, a contemporary great man, wrote," Looking at Jinsong at dusk, flying in the clouds is still calm, life is like a fairy cave, and infinite scenery is on the dangerous peak. "That's too familiar.

In the summer of 2003, I went to Lushan Mountain, which I had been longing for for for a long time, and visited Jinxiu Valley. Facing the cave, I climbed Wulaofeng, saw Dakou Waterfall, enjoyed Sandie Spring and visited Xiaotianchi, and stayed for three days and two nights.

Lushan Mountain, located in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, stands on the plain in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, next to Poyang Lake. According to legend, in the Zhou Dynasty, seven Kuang brothers went up the mountain to practice and built houses as their homes, hence the name Lushan Mountain. Also known as Kuangshan and Kuanglu. Lushan Mountain has many steep cliffs, waterfalls and fountains, surrounded by clouds. It is famous for its beauty, strangeness, danger and beauty, and enjoys the reputation of "the first embroidery in the world". Since ancient times, it has been favored by literati.

Lushan Mountain is a famous cultural mountain. During the 1600 years from the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty, countless poets, poets and monks left a vast Mohist sea and well-known poems here. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 3,700 poems about mountains and rivers. Up to now, the book catalogue of the income edition shows that it is a famous landscape painting of Lushan Mountain, including Kuanglutu in the Five Dynasties, Kuanglu Scenery in the Yuan Dynasty, Gaotu of Lushan Mountain by Shen Zhou in the Ming Dynasty and Gaotu of Lushan Waterfall in the Qing Dynasty. Even Zhang Daqian, who has never been to Lushan Mountain, painted a huge splash-ink picture on Lushan Mountain, which became his masterpiece.

Lushan Mountain is also a famous religious mountain. For thousands of years, there are many temples and Taoist temples in Lushan Mountain. There were more than 360 temples and more than 200 temples in the prosperous period. For a time, robes floated on the mountain, and Yun Zhou wavered. Moreover, Buddhism and Taoism have gone hand in hand, and Christianity, Catholicism, Orthodox Church and Islam have all taken root here. Modern English missionary Li Deli, American missionary Haig, Russian priest Nidi, etc. While developing Guling and building Lushan villa, they also built churches and spread teachings. At this point, Lushan Mountain has formed a unique phenomenon of six major religions: Buddhism, Taoism, Catholicism, Christianity, Orthodox Church and Islam. It can be said that "six religions are hidden in one mountain and cannot be found all over the world."

Lushan Mountain is a famous political mountain. On the whole, the most famous mountain in China is a little prized by emperors, and the typical representative of this is Mount Tai in Dongyue. Although Lushan Mountain is not among the five mountains, its kingly way is incomparable to the five mountains in the southeast, northwest and central parts of China's history in several periods. Legend has it that both Dayu and the first emperor of China, Qin Shihuang, have been to Lushan Mountain, but neither of them can become a climate. In the Ming Dynasty, Lushan's fame and status suddenly rose, because Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, had forged an indissoluble bond with Lushan when he started his business.

In the Republic of China, Lushan was another scene. Due to the special geographical location of Lushan Mountain, its climate is characterized by cool summer, rainy and foggy. Bai Juyi wrote the poem "You Dalin Temple": "In April, the world is beautiful, and the third peach blossom opens. I hate that spring is nowhere to be found and I don't know where to go. " It is a portrayal of this climate feature. In the early summer on earth, it's just early spring weather here. Even in July, the average temperature on the mountain is only about 22.6 degrees Celsius, and the highest temperature is only 32 degrees Celsius, which is 10 degrees Celsius lower than that on the mountain. Therefore, it is called "a cool island in the kitchen", and the Nanjing government of the Kuomintang regards Lushan as the "summer capital", which is really "good for you".

According to the "Lushan Continued Word Draft", Chiang Kai-shek went to Lushan 18 times in his life and presided over 1 1 important meetings. Since/kloc-0 moved into the beauty salon in August, 933, Chiang Kai-shek and his wife went up the mountain for summer office every summer, except for eight years during the Anti-Japanese War, and finally 1948 left Lushan Mountain.

Beautiful House is the villa of Chiang Kai-shek and his wife Song Meiling, located at No.80, Hedong Road, Donggu, Lushan Mountain. This is a two-story English building, made of wood and stone. The first floor is Song Meiling, and the second floor is Chiang Kai-shek's bedroom and reception room. The room on the right side of the stairs is the house of Chiang Kai-shek's Wendan Chen Bulei. The whole villa covers an area of 4928 square meters.

Flowers and trees are widely planted in the hospital, and pine trees soar into the sky. A big stone in the hospital is engraved with the word "beauty salon" inscribed by Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang Kai-shek often comes here in summer to do business and meet senior party and government officials and foreign guests. Here, he gave orders, making this villa once the "presidential residence" of the party and the country and the place he planned on the political and military stage in China. Of course, it has also become a garden for him to have a heart-to-heart talk with his beautiful young wife.

1August, 948 18, Mr. and Mrs. Chiang Kai-shek left his beloved beauty salon with lifelong regrets.

On June 29th, 1959, Mao Zedong entered the beauty salon as a winner. This morning, dawn broke. Mao Zedong was all smiles. As soon as he stepped into the beauty salon, he shouted, "Chiang Kai-shek, I'm coming!" Chiang Kai-shek left here sadly, and Mao Zedong came in with a winner's smile. It's incredible! Lushan, you may never find the answers to many questions, but one thing is certain: some people have left, others have come, and this is history.

With a flick of a finger, Jiangshan is still there, but things have changed. Lulin 1, Hongzhi Road 175, 179, the auditorium, beauty salon, library and even the former site of Lushan Military Training Corps are well preserved, but they are quite lonely. All this seems to confirm a fate: Lushan Mountain is not a blessed place for politicians.

The short trip to Lushan Mountain is over. The tour bus hovered on the road, probably because it was touching the scene. Suddenly I remembered a poem written by Ming Taizu: The poem said: "Lushan Mountain has a bamboo shadow for thousands of years, and the cloud locks the peak and the water flows naturally. Wanli Yangtze River floats with jade belts, and a bright moon rolls golden balls. Look at the three thousand boundaries in Hubei. The potential pressure of twelve continents in the south of the Yangtze River. The scenery is endless, and I am lucky to have the opportunity to come again. "

This article was written in August 2003 and revised in April 2020.