In what climate should the harvesting period of traditional Chinese medicine plants be carried out? Pray for the great gods.

The harvest period of Chinese herbal medicines refers to the specific harvest period in a year. Because of China's vast territory and great differences in climate and environment, it is difficult to unify the harvest time of different plants in different regions. Therefore, the main basis for determining the economic harvest period is maturity and the content of effective components. The peak period of accumulation of effective components can be obtained through experimental research, and the best harvest period depends on the comprehensive situation of quality and yield. The harvest period of Chinese herbal medicines varies with varieties. 1. The harvesting period of Chinese herbal medicines such as roots and rhizomes is generally that plants complete a one-year growth cycle and enter a dormant period. At this time, the roots and rhizomes are full of growth, the aboveground parts are stagnant or withered, and the underground parts have the highest content of effective components, such as ginseng and coptis root. However, there are also some medicinal plants such as Angelica sinensis, Angelica dahurica, Ligusticum chuanxiong and other Umbelliferae plants, which consume a lot of nutrients and lignified roots, and their quality is greatly reduced, so they need to be harvested before bolting and flowering. In addition, some medicinal plants, such as aconite and Ophiopogon japonicus, are harvested at the peak of growth and development. 2. Harvest time of whole grass and leaves. All kinds of herbs or leaves used as medicine, such as Folium Isatidis, Herba Menthae, Herba Agastaches, etc. It is usually picked before the buds open. Because at this time, the leaves are hypertrophy, photosynthesis is vigorous, and the effective components in the leaves are high. Once a plant blooms and bears fruit, the nutrients in the leaves are transferred to the flowers or fruits, which will seriously affect the quality of medicinal materials. A few herbs, such as Artemisia capillaris and Pulsatilla chinensis, must be harvested at seedling stage, and harvesting before budding has become inferior. So most of them are harvested in early spring. Proverbs include Artemisia in March, Artemisia in April and firewood in May and June. Individual varieties, such as mulberry leaves, should be harvested in the frost season. 3. Harvest time of fruits and seeds (1) Harvest time of fruits. ① Dried fruits, such as Coicis Semen, Fructus Forsythiae and Fructus Amomi, are generally harvested when the fruits stop growing, the shells become hard and the color is brownish green. ② Flesh and fruits are mostly harvested in May-July, such as Fructus Aurantii Immaturus and Mume. If olive is used as medicine, it should be harvested when the fruit stops growing and begins to wither, such as Fructus Aurantii, rafters and Trichosanthes kirilowii. Most of the fruits used as medicine began to be harvested in August, such as Lycium barbarum, Cornus officinalis and Schisandra chinensis. (2) The harvesting period of seed Chinese medicinal materials is generally when the pericarp is completely mature, and the dry matter accumulation of seeds has stopped, reaching a certain hardness and showing an inherent color. Such as cassia seed, coix seed and fenugreek. Mature seeds and fruits have the highest content of effective components, high yield and fast drying speed after processing. 4. Bark and root bark at harvest time can be used as medicine, such as Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. , Magnolia Officinalis, Cortex Phellodendri, etc. The suitable harvesting period is from late spring to early summer to April-May. At this time, the plant grows vigorously, there are many nutrients in the cortex, the plant slurry has begun to move, the cells in the cambium divide quickly, the cortex and xylem are easy to peel off, and the wound is easy to heal after cutting. The harvesting period of root bark should be postponed to the later period of the growth cycle, generally in August-65438+10, such as peony and polygala tenuifolia. After premature harvesting, there are few effective components accumulated in the root bark, and the yield, quality and drying rate are low. In addition, cinnamon and other medicinal plants cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas can be peeled almost all year round because of their long growth cycle. 5. The harvesting time of flowers and Chinese herbal medicines is slightly different according to the types and medicinal parts. Whether flower buds, flowers, inflorescence stigma (saffron), pollen or stamens are used as medicine, attention should be paid to color and development degree when harvesting, which is an important indicator of quality and quantity. Most of them are harvested in spring and summer, such as honeysuckle, Sophora japonica and magnolia officinalis flower, and a few are harvested in autumn, such as chrysanthemum, or in winter, such as coltsfoot flower. It is best to pick flowers on a sunny day after the morning dew has dispersed and the fragrance of flowers has not dispersed.