What was the process of Yorktown Battle?

The Battle of Yorktown is one of the most famous decisive battles in history. The British have always been unable to effectively coordinate their own teams in their colonies-so have Howe and Burgoyne, and so have Clintons and Cornwallis. But the armies of two different countries and a fleet set an example of close cooperation. In that era of slow and unreliable communication, the battle showed the accurate time calculation of the two armies separated by 1500. Since France entered the war, Washington has been dreaming of this kind of action.

The letter deciding the battle arrived at Washington headquarters on August 65438, 2004. The main content of the letter is to tell him that in August of 13, Degrees' more than 3,000 troops set off from Cap Haitien in 29 ships and will go directly to chesapeake bay-"there are the most possible benefits you suggested." But he can only stay until the middle of 10, because his troops have to perform other tasks according to the contract.

Washington immediately seized the opportunity to adjust the plan. Because we want to keep some troops to defend West Point, we can only lead 2,500 soldiers to Virginia, and Rochambeau will take about 4,000 soldiers. Less than four days after receiving Degrees' letter, the French-American Coalition forces in Washington had already set out. To prevent British troops in new york from attacking their defenders or doing anything to save Cornwallis. Washington took great pains to pretend to be ready to attack Staten Island.

Although this plan was unexpectedly successful, the process of going south made Washington extremely anxious. After arriving in Philadelphia on the last day of August, he got the news that a British fleet-actually the Hood fleet from the West Indies-had arrived in Sandy Hook. It looks dangerous. It may intercept De ballas, who just left Newport, or it may enter chesapeake bay before De Grice. There is no new news about De Grice.

By September 5, American and French troops had passed through Philadelphia. General Washington finished his work in the city and caught up with the usual difficult pace with the staff. On the way, Washington learned that Degrees had arrived in chesapeake bay and immediately returned to Chester to tell Rochambeau the news. At this time, Rochambeau was inspecting the fortress position on the Delaware River by boat. As soon as the ship landed, the French general was surprised to see Washington, who was usually unsmiling, waving his hat and handkerchief in one hand. As soon as he landed, he was hugged by Washington.

14 On the evening of September 6th, Washington and Rochambeau rushed to Williamsburg to meet Galeries Lafayette. Early the next morning. It is reported that Degrees has returned to chesapeake bay after a small-scale test, and De ballas has arrived safely from Newport with artillery and materials.

After seeing North America's request in Cap-Ha? tien, Degrees decided to lead the whole fleet northward. On August 5th, he crossed the old Bahamas Strait between the uninhabited north coast of Cuba and the Bahamas, and arrived at the mouth of chesapeake bay on the 30th. The British army knew nothing about its arrival. After the troops landed, he sent a team of American soldiers to the lower reaches of the James River to cut off Cornwallis retreat to Carolina. At about 10 on the morning of September 5th, he was preparing to send a light boat to chesapeake bay to pick up French and American troops, when the clippers deployed outside the Gulf suddenly reported seeing a fleet. At first, he hoped it was the De ballas fleet from Rhode Island, but he soon saw a large number of newcomers. Obviously, this is the enemy fleet.

At the beginning of July, when Degraces sailed from Fort-de-France to Cap-Ha? tien, Rodney got its whereabouts report. Rodney ordered Hood to go to new york by boat if necessary. Then, due to poor health, Rodney set sail for England with four ships on August 1 day. The next day, Hood arrived in antigua island and received an urgent letter from Clinton and Graves, saying that Desgres would go to Rhode Island with de ballas to attack new york. Therefore, Hood left Antigua on August 10, 2000-five days after Desgres left Cap-Ha? tien-and joined four other ships outside the port, bringing the total number of ships to 14.

Hood flew directly to the north and scouted chesapeake bay on 25th. When he walked in front of Degrees, he found no trace of the French. After scouting Delaware Bay, he hurried to new york. There, he found that Clinton and Graves, who were indifferent to the situation, were calmly making plans to attack the French army in Rhode Island. Hood's statement and the news that De ballas had left Newport prompted Graves to cross the sandbar with five boats. Because of his high position, Graves served as commander of the joint fleet, commanding the 19 ship to sail to chesapeake bay. On the morning of September 5th, Graves arrived at his destination. It's a sunny day, and the northerly northeast wind is blowing gently. At about 9: 30, the British lookout spotted the French fleet at the anchorage in Henry,Cape. Graves ordered a battle formation.

Degrees has just sent four ships to block the York River and the James River, so he only has 24 ships to attack. Because most of his crew used boats to help the troops land, the warships were seriously understaffed. In this case, he may be able to hold chesapeake bay's mouth, but staying in the bay will definitely make De ballas captured as soon as he arrives, and he will also lose all the siege guns and arms of the French army. Weighing the gains and losses, Degrees decided to fight outside the bay. But against the northeast wind and tide, it is impossible to leave chesapeake bay. So Degrees ordered the ship to set sail at noon when the tide turned.