The weather in Beijing is flat in spring.

In the hot summer, the scorching sun scorched the earth. People who live in a city wrapped in reinforced concrete may want to go to a summer resort with beautiful environment and cool air.

There are many summer resorts in China, but chengde mountain resort, not far from Beijing, is undoubtedly the most famous.

This summer resort was once the royal summer resort of the Qing Dynasty. The emperors of the Qing Dynasty often came here. Some emperors even spent the whole summer in chengde mountain resort. Today, this place is still a famous summer resort in China.

But as everyone knows, it was later generations who named the summer resort "chengde mountain resort". In some historical materials related to the Qing Dynasty, the title of "Rehe Palace" is often used to record the summer resort here.

Moreover, some careful viewers can also find that some TV dramas with Qing dynasty themes often use the word "Jehol Palace" when referring to the summer resort near Beijing. Moreover, some historical materials of the Republic of China and TV dramas often mention "Jehol".

Then why has the title of "Jehol Palace" or Jehol disappeared now? In fact, this is mainly related to a history of regional changes.

First of all, it has a long history and is the royal holy land of the Qing Dynasty.

As we all know, the Eight Banners of the Manchu Dynasty, the ruler of the Qing government, originated in the northeast between the white mountains and the black waters, and was first called the Jurchen tribe. Later, under the leadership of Nurhachi, this nation unified the Northeast. In the process of continuous development and growth, this nation changed its name from Nuzhen to Manchu, and established a powerful Manchu regime by relying on the Eight Banners system.

Brave and good at fighting, the soldiers of the Eight Banners of the Manchu Dynasty, led by Huang Taiji and Dourgen, went out of the northeast and entered Guanzhong, defeated the Ming Dynasty in one fell swoop, established the Qing Dynasty and made Beijing its capital.

After the Qing rulers entered the customs, they found that Beijing's palaces were magnificent and the city was prosperous and rich. But the climate is far hotter than their hometown northeast. Every summer, members of the royal family living in the Forbidden City are troubled by the unbearable hot weather. So the emperor wrote a letter to the minister, asking him to find a place for summer vacation and autumn outing and build a palace.

At that time, the minister in charge of this matter took a fancy to the Jehol area, which is not far from Beijing, with an open area and a suitable climate. Later, the famous Jehol Palace was built near Chengde, Jehol.

At that time, the imperial palace of the Qing Dynasty occupied a large area, including not only the present chengde mountain resort, but also the present Zhangbei Grassland and Saihanba, all of which belonged to the Jehol Palace.

After the completion of the palace, it was very popular with the Qing royal family. Many Qing emperors went to the palace in Jehol for a short stay every summer. The royal family in Qing Dynasty belonged to people on horseback, and they always had the habit of hunting. In addition to the function of summer vacation, Jehol Palace also has a main function, which is to provide hunting demand for the royal family.

Since Emperor Kangxi, the royal family of the Qing Dynasty has held large-scale hunting activities in Jehol Palace. Almost every autumn, the emperor will take the princes and grandchildren of Baylor and a large honor guard from Beijing to the Jehol Palace of the Great Wall. For more than a month, they will hold a large-scale hunting activity around the Jehol Palace, also known as "Mulan seeking immortality".

This is a national activity widely circulated in the history of the Qing Dynasty. Because the emperor personally hunted at that time, it not only passed on the tradition of Manchu cavalry being brave and good at fighting to the outside world, but also exercised the military skills of the troops through hunting, which was also equivalent to an ancient military exercise.

Therefore, during the Qing Dynasty, the Jehol Palace played an important role. Its hunting grounds and the Li Bai area of Fiona Fang near chengde mountain resort are off limits to the royal family and civilians.

Second, the Republic of China divided it into northeast provinces.

As time goes on, time is changing. In the late Qing Dynasty, due to the corruption of the Qing court and the national turmoil, the Jehol Palace became less important than before, and the large-scale "Mulan seeking immortality" was rarely held.

After the demise of the Qing Empire, the government of the Republic of China nationalized the Jehol Palace. Judging from the status of Jehol Palace at that time, its military strategic position was very important. This area is an important barrier behind Beijing. Therefore, as early as 19 14, the government of the Republic of China designated this area as the Jehol Special Administrative Region, which was under the jurisdiction of the central government of the Republic of China. With the passage of time, the turbulent situation of the Republic of China lasted for a long time. The scuffle between the major warlords has also changed the jurisdiction of many areas.

1928, the government of the Republic of China made a decision. The original Rehe Special Zone was readjusted and its area was further expanded, including Zhangjiakou, Chifeng, Tongliao, Chengde, Chaoyang, Ningcheng and other vast areas. On this basis, it became Jehol Province.

At that time, Jehol Province was one of the four northeastern provinces, including parts of Hebei, Shanxi, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia today. Geographically, it also borders Beijing, Shanxi, Hebei, Inner Mongolia and Northeast China, and belongs to the capital defense center. Jehol province is an important military strategic barrier connecting northeast Guangdong and Shanhaiguan.

Therefore, Jehol Province has been firmly controlled by Fengzhi warlords in the northeast since its establishment. Tang Yulin, the first provincial chairman of Jehol Province, is also an old-school general among Feng warlords.

193 1 year, the Japanese with wolf ambitions launched the infamous "September 18th Incident" in the northeast. After successively occupying the three northeastern provinces, the Japanese army quickly extended its claws to Jehol Province. Japan also knows that Jehol Province is an important barrier for Beijing. As long as the Jehol province is captured, the Great Wall defense line will be exposed to the Japanese guns, which provides convenient conditions for Japan to continue its aggression inside Shanhaiguan pass.

So the Japanese army assembled elite troops at 1933 and began to attack Jehol. At that time, the regular army was mainly a warlord army. The combat effectiveness is extremely weak and there is no advantage in the face of the Japanese army. Although Jehol soldiers and civilians rose up to resist and defended their hometown with flesh and blood. However, Jehol province inevitably fell and became an area controlled by the Japanese army.

Third, the need of the development of the times, it was carved up by the brother provinces.

The indomitable people of China finally defeated the Japanese at 1945 and recovered a large territory after years of hard War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Jehol province was also recovered in this year.

From 65438 to 0949, after the founding of New China, people lived a peaceful and stable life.

At the beginning of the founding of New China, because the US imperialists and other western powers were still eyeing our new China, many troops were still stationed in Jehol Province, shouldering the heavy responsibility of Gong Wei's strategic barrier to Beijing.

From 65438 to 0954, the international situation gradually stabilized, and the national strategic focus also shifted to economic construction. The State Council, the Party Central Committee, began to adjust the whole country.

After research, it was agreed to abolish Jehol Province, and eight original counties such as Chengde, Pingquan, Qinglong, Xinglong, Luanping, Fengning, Longhua and Weichang were placed in Hebei Province, and five counties such as Jianchang, Lingyuan, Jianping, Chaoyang, Beipiao and Harqin Zuo Qi were placed in Liaoning Province. The remaining counties of Chifeng, wudan and Ningcheng, as well as Aohan Banner, Harqin Banner and Wengniute Banner, are included in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

Since then, Jehol Province, which has undertaken important military strategic tasks, has officially withdrawn from the historical stage.