What points should be paid attention to when planting rubber?

For the first time, organic fertilizer and superphosphate were applied in digging water and fertilizer ditches in winter, and 50% nitrogen fertilizer was applied in the whole year before leaf extraction in early spring. The second time, before the second canopy leaf was pulled out (about 6 months), 50% of the annual nitrogen fertilizer was applied in the reclamation area with earlier cold damage, and 30% was applied in other areas. For the third time, before the third canopy leaf is pumped out (September), the remaining 20% nitrogen fertilizer is applied in the reclamation area where the cold wave comes late. The fourth application of potassium fertilizer in September-65438+10.

(2) Fertilization amount of rubber tapping tree:

The amount of fertilization is best determined by the diagnosis results of leaf nutrition and whether the tapping tree is coated with irritants. After the rubber tree is cut down, some nutrients in the plant are used for growth, some nutrients are used for rubber discharge, flowering and fruiting, and some nutrients are used for leaf extraction. If the fallen leaves are returned to the field, most of them can be returned to the field. In this way, each rubber tree generally needs to supplement nutrients every year, which is equivalent to ammonium sulfate 1.8 kg, calcium superphosphate 0.25 kg and potassium chloride 0.8 kg or so.

General fertilization amount is shown in table 5-8:

Table 5-8 Fertilization Amount of Tapping Tree (kg/plant/year)

Fertilizer types are not coated with stimulants, and rubber trees are coated with stimulants.

Rotten organic fertilizer 25-50 100

0.5- 1.5- 1.5-2.5 ammonium sulfate

0.25-0.5 of calcium superphosphate

Potassium chloride or potassium sulfate 0.1-0.20.1.5-0.25

(3) Fertilization method:

Application of organic fertilizer:

Ditch application: apply fertilizer ditch at a distance of 1.5-2.0m from the tree base, with a length of 1- 1.5m, a width of 0.5m and a depth of 0.4m. This method can preserve water and fertilizer, promote fertilizer decomposition and improve soil, but it will harm tree roots and can only be carried out in winter.

Bed application: Apply the fertilizer on a shallow bed at a distance of 1.5-2.0m, with a length of 1.5-2m, a width of 1- 1.5m and a depth of about 0. 1m .. This method has the advantages of less digging, lower cost, and lower cost.

Tape application: that is, cover a dead cover with a width of 1.5-2 m and a thickness of 15-20 cm in the middle of the sprouting zone. This method can be applied all year round, without breaking the soil. The fertilizer belt can provide fertilizer for the dead cover continuously, but it needs more fertilizer and has poor fertilizer retention ability.

Application method of chemical fertilizer:

Ditch application: Urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonia water and other fertilizers should be applied immediately after ditching. The nitrogen content of urea is relatively high, and the spreading area of urea per 100g should not be less than 0.3m2, otherwise it will cause root burning.

Mixed application: calcium superphosphate should be mixed with organic fertilizer to minimize the contact area with soil and avoid phosphorus being fixed by soil. Phosphate rock powder should be mixed with clay to expand the contact area with soil as much as possible to promote the decomposition and utilization of phosphorus. Other fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, etc. You can spread it on the soil after weeding and then loosen the soil shallowly. You can also sprinkle it on the organic fertilizer and turn it over.

7. How to apply fertilizer reasonably?

Rational fertilization, we must do:

(1) Look at the nature of fertilizer.

Fertilization should be based on organic fertilizer (green pressing, cowshed fertilizer, etc.). ), supplemented by chemical fertilizer, weeding before fertilization, digging water and fertilizer ditches combined with green pressing, etc. Fertilization should be coordinated with other cultivation measures. Ammonium sulfate, urea, etc. , soluble, fluidity, should be a small amount of multiple applications, shallow ditch should be covered with soil. Insoluble and poor fluidity should be applied deeper and close to the root tip. Phosphate rock powder and superphosphate should be mixed with organic fertilizer, but lime, plant ash, urea and ammonium sulfate cannot be mixed, otherwise nitrogen fertilizer will be lost by volatilization.

(2) Look at soil fertilization.

Pay attention to balanced fertilization, give whatever is lacking, and fertilize on the basis of maintaining fertilizer. Apply any fertilizer that is lacking in the soil. For example, except for newly reclaimed forest land, the content of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer in Hainan Island is not high, so it is necessary to apply nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer to achieve fast growth and high yield; There is a large amount of potassium fertilizer in the soil of Hainan Island, which can meet the needs of rubber tree growth without potassium fertilizer. However, the content of potassium in red soil is very low, so potassium fertilizer must be applied.

(3) Look at climate fertilization.

Temperature and rainfall not only affect the growth of rubber, but also have great influence on microbial activities and nutritional status changes. For example, fertilization in dry season is not easy to dissolve, the fixed rate and volatilization rate are high, and the loss is large, so it is suitable to use water and fertilizer together; Fertilization should be carried out in sunny days or after rainy season. Fertilization is not suitable before heavy rain or windy days. Otherwise it's easy to lose.

8. Why does applying more nitrogen fertilizer aggravate the wind damage of rubber trees?

Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer in rubber trees will increase the wind area of the crown.

Nitrogen fertilizer can promote plants to flourish and even grow white. Too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied to rubber trees, which can't be absorbed for a while, so it will volatilize and permeate, causing waste, and even increase the crown and wind-affected area due to the rapid growth of branches and leaves, resulting in more important wind damage losses. In order to make rubber trees grow fast and cut early, a state-owned farm 13 team applied more ammonium sulfate and urea in 1976- 1977. The rubber trees are really flourishing, and the new branches and leaves are even more flourishing. 1977 No.3 typhoon, gust 10. The adjacent 14 team was guided by the nutritional diagnosis results, and the growth of rubber trees was both vigorous and normal. The environmental conditions of 14 team are similar to those of 13 team. The wind damage of rubber trees caused by typhoon No.3 is only about 3%, and the wind damage of rubber trees in team 14 is less than that in team 13 17%.

9. What measures are taken in production to prevent "dead skin" disease?

A. reasonably control the intensity of rubber picking and stimulation, and keep the dynamic balance between rubber production and rubber discharge. In the concrete implementation, we can't overemphasize increasing production; Reduce the frequency, reduce the number of knives, and strictly control the concentration and dosage; Control the dry rubber content; Carry out shallow cutting; Arrange the strength reasonably according to the annual change law of rubber production potential; Gain weight; Strictly grasp the "three views" of fat harvesting, that is, according to the climate, phenology and tree conditions, adjust the stimulation intensity and fat harvesting intensity in time to achieve reasonable fat harvesting; Seize the precursor of death, and reduce the strength in time when the glue is abnormal.

B. Change the cutting surface, reduce the intensity, and cut the glue with the female cutter.

When cutting glue with a male knife, dry trees with secant above grade 3 are usually found in the lower part, that is, switch the trees to the upper part and cut glue with a short-time low-frequency female knife, such as S/4D/4.

C. clean the bark with a shallow brown planer.

D. applied preventive medicine.

Coat the secant and the 2 cm wide section above the secant with disease-preventing chemicals; Or use a plane to peel off the diseased skin and apply medicine. That is, a 30 cm long and 2 cm wide coating tape is vertically scraped on the healthy skin at a high place, and coated with compound trace elements or anti-necrosis drugs.

E. establish a arbuscular pathogen-free nursery, and burn it in time once it is found.

10, fertilizing, tapping potential, planting trees and tapping rubber

What do you mean by "one shallow and four uncut"?

(1) shallow mowing: that is, before the crown is stable, trees are high-yielding, high-temperature and high-yield seasons, and dry and windy weather, the mowing depth is 1.5- 1.8 mm away from the cambium.

(2) No cutting: No cutting when the temperature is lower than 65438 05℃; The first leaf is unstable and will not be cut; After the rain, the trunk will not dry and will not be cut; Trees with serious disasters and dead skin trees are not cut down. In the forest area prone to canker, the secant below 40 cm is not cut, but the secant can be turned higher to cut gum.

Implementing "one shallow and four non-cutting" in winter is an effective measure to ensure long-term high and stable yield of rubber trees. After winter, the vitality of rubber trees weakened, and the production of nutrients and the synthesis of latex decreased accordingly. It should be cut lightly in winter, that is, about 65438±0.5mm away from xylem. The photosynthesis of rubber tree was greatly weakened below 15℃, and stopped completely below 10℃. Coupled with high humidity and low temperature, it is beneficial to the occurrence and spread of strip ulcer and prolong the glue discharge time. In order to avoid the imbalance between glue production potential and glue production strength, and reduce the occurrence and spread of dead skin and cutting surface diseases, it is necessary to practice one shallow and four cuts.

What does "three look" knock mean?

The so-called "three-look" fat picking is based on weather, seasonal phenology and tree conditions.

The reason why we say "look at three things" is that rubber trees have different rubber production ability and rubber discharge habits in different phenology, weather, varieties and different plants of the same variety. The intensity, depth and morning and evening of tapping vary with time, species and trees. For example, sprouting long leaves needs to consume a lot of nutrients and water, which reduces the source of raw materials for rubber synthesis, so it is necessary to cut lightly. In particular, the phenology of annual logging should be strictly controlled. For a tree, it must be cut down about a week after the new leaves are completely stable. Because before this, the nutrients stored in rubber trees were used for wintering and keeping out the cold, and the branches and leaves grew, the newly-made nutrients were only used for rubber synthesis after the new leaves became dark green and stable. If the rubber is cut too early, the rubber leaves will become thin, curly and yellow due to insufficient nutrient supply, and the photosynthetic capacity will be poor, which will affect the annual output. Tree-raising tapping is "three-look" tapping.

How to treat seasonal phenology and tapping?

(1) The tapping strategy is formulated according to the seasonal phenology, and the tapping strategy is stable and over-nourished.

Steady: when cutting every year, it should be steady, and you should wait until the old plant of the first leaf reaches more than 80% before cutting with a knife. Before pumping to a stable level, the yield of the second leaf should be reduced. According to reports, if the rubber is cut one week after the blades are completely stable, the annual dry rubber output of the former is only 80%-90% of the latter.

Tight; Pay close attention to the peak production period with great rubber production potential, such as May-65438+10 in Hainan. We should seize the good weather and be good at tapping the potential by stimulating means.

Overachievement: the production plan should be completed ahead of schedule. More than 60% of the annual plan should be completed before the end of August, and the task should be overfulfilled before the arrival of low temperature in winter.

Maintenance: attention should be paid to the cultivation of trees during the whole rubber tapping process. After overfulfilling the task, it is necessary to stop cutting down trees and raising trees in time and turn them into winter pipes.

(2) According to the seasonal phenology, determine the cutting period and cutting stop period.

Cutting: The high yield of rubber trees should be based on leafy trees. The latex obtained by rubber tree cutting leaves is obtained by storing sugar, but rubber trees also need to store sugar when pumping leaves. Only when the leaves grow old and undergo photosynthesis can new sugar be provided for the rubber tree itself. Therefore, the growth of the first leaf of rubber tree has the greatest relationship with the yield of the year. In order to ensure the good growth of the first leaf of rubber tree, it is necessary to wait until the first leaf is aging before cutting. Generally, more than 80% of the plants in a forest section are old first and then cut down, and the rest are cut down one by one.

Stop cutting: when the temperature is lower than 15℃ before 8 am in winter, stop cutting temporarily. If this low temperature lasts for 3-6 days, the cutting will be completely stopped that year. In addition, if a tree has more than half of yellow leaves, it should stop cutting; When more than half of the trees in a stand have more than half of yellow leaves, cutting will be completely stopped in that year. The time to stop tapping in winter depends on the temperature on the one hand, and the degree to which the leaves turn yellow on the other. When the temperature is kept above 15℃ and the yellow leaves of rubber trees account for 8%-20% of the total tree position, the cutting will be stopped immediately, which can reduce the influence on the rubber potential in the next year.

(3) Adjust secant depth and replace secant according to seasonal phenology.

The rubber production capacity of rubber trees changes from weak to strong, then from weak to strong and then weak with the change of seasonal phenology in a year. In a fixed tapping system, the tapping depth should also be changed accordingly. Generally, it is shallow at the beginning of cutting every year, then slightly deep, and shallow when the canopy leaves are drawn for the second time. After the second canopy leaves were aged, deep cutting began until the low temperature came in 10, and the latex flow was long. In this way, the purpose of raising trees can be achieved by adjusting the tapping depth, and the contradiction between rubber production and growth, rubber production potential and rubber production strength can be solved. In a large area of Hainan, the leaves of the second canopy were shallowly cut before they stabilized from March to June, and the distance from them to the cambium was 65438±0.5mm；; 65438+ 10 July-June, the depth of the second canopy leaves is 0.2mm away from the cambium/kloc-0; After 10, shallow cutting, abscission layer 1.5 mm, shallow cutting in March-April, deep cutting in May, shallow cutting in June, deep cutting in July-10, shallow cutting in June-1-. Generally, shallow cutting is carried out in the first ten days of March-April, deep cutting in the first ten days of April-May, shallow cutting in June-August, deep cutting in September-65438+10, and shallow cutting in10. Yunnan should switch to high-speed wire cutting some time ago. From the end of September in Hainan, the low secant below 30 cm should be changed to the high secant.

How can we ensure one and promote two?

"Baoyi" means to make sure that the first leaf grows well. "Promoting the second leaf" means promoting the growth of the second leaf. In order to "guarantee one and promote two", we must adopt the corresponding tapping strategy according to the changing law of rubber production potential of rubber trees in one year. In that large area of Hainan, Peng's first leaf should be picked in March-April, and it should be cut steadily when it is cut. When the old plant of the first leaf reaches more than 80%, it should be lightly cut. Nitrogen fertilizer should be properly applied before the second leaf sprouts, and when the second leaf sprouts in June, it should be lightly cut during leaf picking.

What do you think of the weather?

Depending on the weather, the time, sequence and thickness of glue cutting should be determined according to the weather.

(1) Determine the tapping time of the day according to the temperature and weather in the morning.

The temperature in the morning is 19-24℃ and the relative humidity is about 80%. Calm weather conditions are conducive to rubber tree production and rubber discharge, and rubber workers can cut rubber before and after dawn. High temperature drying season (generally 5-65438+ 10 month in Hainan) is not conducive to gum production. The gluer should turn on the light at about 4: 30 in the morning to cut the glue, and the cool climate is conducive to the glue. After entering the rainy season, the humidity is high, and long-flowing glue often appears before dawn, which is easy to cause dead skin, so cut the glue at dawn. After autumn, the temperature drops, and the glue should be cut after dawn. In the low temperature season (after 1 1 month), due to the low temperature at night, it is changed to tapping after dawn. Otherwise, long-term serious flow, easy to get disease, dead skin. When the low temperature comes in winter and the temperature is lower than 15℃ in the morning, the cutting must be stopped.

(2) Adjust the tapping depth and bark thickness according to the weather conditions.

In the weather with high humidity and cool temperature, the glue is discharged smoothly, so it should be cut lightly. When it is hot and dry, you should cut it deeper and cut the skin thicker. After autumn, shallow cutting is needed before low temperature comes. When cutting for the first time after a few days in rainy days, the bark should be cut thicker, and the second and third knives should be cut thicker in rainy days. Another example is that when there is high temperature and drought or dry wind blowing, the incision is easy to dry and should be cut deeply.

(3) Change the tapping route according to the weather conditions.

The tapping route is related to the tapping sequence in the tapping tree. Generally, there are high-yield trees and low-yield trees in each tapping tree position, so the tapping time can be adjusted by changing the tapping sequence to give full play to the tapping potential.

In the normal weather of tapping season, the tapping method is to cut the middle piece → high piece → low piece.

In hot or dry season, the tapping method is to cut high-yield chips → medium-yield chips → low-yield chips first.

Low-yield wood chips → high-yield wood chips → medium-low-yield wood chips are used for tapping in low-temperature season; Medium yield slice → high yield slice → low yield slice; Low-yield membrane → medium-low-yield membrane → high-yield membrane is divided in turn.

When the weather is hot or dry, cut high-yield trees and chips first, and then cut low-yield trees and chips.

In cool weather with high humidity, low-yield trees and chips can be cut first, and then high-yield trees and chips can be cut.

In the low temperature season, in order to protect the gum production capacity of high-yield trees, we should first cut medium-yield trees, then cut high-yield trees and then cut low-yield trees.

(4) master the beating after the rain

When tapping in rainy season, special attention should be paid to prevent the rain from washing the glue, so in rainy days, low-yield trees should be cut first. Cut the glue after the rain so that the trunk won't be cut. After the trunk is dry, cut the high slope, sunny, ventilated and high secant, and then cut other rubber trees.

(5) master the knife method according to the weather.

Usually, the rubber tapping is a flat knife, which is slightly straight in high temperature and dry season and slightly sideways in low temperature in winter.

What do you think of tree attack?

(1) Determine the tapping depth and frequency according to the characteristics of varieties (lines) and plants.

Looking at the tapping of trees is to look at the difference in tree yield, bark and gum output, and adopt different tapping methods. For high-yield varieties or high-yield and long-flowing rubber trees, shallow cutting is appropriate, such as RRIM600, high-yield trees and long-flowing rubber trees. High-yield trees have good glue discharge performance, such as deep cutting, many milk ducts are cut off, and nutrient loss is large, which is prone to nutrient loss and dead skin. Varieties with internal mammary ducts should be deep, such as PR 107, GT 1. Low-yield trees can only be increased by deep cutting. Low-yield trees with deep incisions have poor glue discharge performance, will not flow long and will not die easily.

(2) Determine the rubber tapping method according to the dry rubber content and the rubber flowing time.

For rubber trees with low dry rubber content and long rubber flowing time, it is necessary to cut lightly, or stop cutting, or the secant slope is small and gentle. On the contrary, the secant slope is slightly larger, and the cut bark is slightly thicker. According to the experiment of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, the dry gum content will rapidly drop below 26% in the first two months after cutting, which seriously affects the recovery of yield and dry gum content in the second half of the year. Therefore, the dry rubber content should not be lower than 28% before September and 26% after 10. And use this as an "early warning indicator." When it is lower than the "warning index", the number of rubber tapping should be reduced. If d/3 is d/4 or d/5, the cutting period will be prolonged, which is beneficial to the recovery of dry rubber content.

(3) Determine the tapping strength according to the health status of plants.

Rubber trees and deformed trees damaged by wind and cold should resume tapping and applying irritants as appropriate according to the standard of re-cutting. Dead trees can only be cut down after being treated to meet the criteria for re-cutting. In the precursor stage of dead skin, cutting should be stopped; Cutting should be stopped for 1-2 weeks in the dead skin expansion period and dry skin period, and effective fertilization should be accelerated at the same time; During the low temperature period, the principle of "one shallow and four non-cutting" should be strictly implemented.

1 1. How to control root diseases?

(1) The diseases of red, brown and white roots can be treated by digging, chasing, chopping, scraping, drying and pipe.

In order to prevent the spread of root disease, or ditch and isolate around the ward, or pour thirteen morpholine liquid medicine or thirteen morpholine soft asphalt root neck protective agent on the lightly ill trees and healthy trees around the ward.

(2) Measures to improve soil environmental conditions, such as subsoiling, applying organic fertilizer, and removing stagnant water, were taken to enhance the growth and disease resistance of rubber trees.

(3) Once it is found that the diseased tree with black root is difficult to save, the wound at the base of the trunk after the wind disaster and freezing injury should be treated well, especially the rotten feet caused by freezing injury should be treated with anti-corrosion coating.

At present, there are 2,4,5-tert-butyl ester, 2,4-drip, paraquat and sodium hypochlorite. Add 1%-2% cooked cassava pulp when preparing the liquid medicine to increase the viscosity and prolong the drug effect. Before applying the medicine, cut a circle of bark from the root of the tree with a knife and axe to expose the xylem, and apply the liquid medicine to the peeling part.

12. What are the requirements for rubber tapping technology?

(1) Hand, foot, eyes and body should be coordinated.

The coordination of hands, feet, eyes and body means that the posture of hands, feet, eyes and body should be correct, coordinated, relaxed and natural when tapping rubber. Hold the glue knife in your hand, grasp the direction of the knife, and make the knife move along the secant slope without swinging up and down. Stand with your feet away from the tree and move forward naturally. Look sideways at the cutting point. Bend your body sideways and move naturally with your eyes. Rubber tapping is a delicate and highly technical manual operation. In the production of rubber plantation, although other measures are the same, the output effect is very different due to different rubber tapping tools and technologies.

(2) Be "stable, accurate, light and fast".

That is, the knife is stable, accurate, light and fast. Stability and accuracy are the basis and premise of achieving uniform depth, uniform section and uniform slice. It is necessary to be light and fast on the basis of stability and accuracy, that is, to speed up on the basis of ensuring quality, and the center is accurate knife alignment. Generally speaking, highly skilled rubber workers produce 20%-30% more rubber than ordinary rubber workers, and have less damage to trees, less skin consumption, faster bark regeneration, higher rubber tree yield and longer economic life.

(3) achieve "three unifications".

That is, the depth is uniform, the tool connection is uniform, and the slice thickness and length are uniform. Stability and accuracy are the premise of realizing the three unification. On the basis of stability and accuracy, strive to be light and fast, and improve the tapping efficiency. Cutting operation should avoid sudden cutting, missing cutting, re-cutting, pressure cutting and empty cutting. Good rubber tapping technology should not only tap the rubber production potential of rubber trees, but also "cultivate trees with blades", so as to achieve high yield, less damage to trees, less skin consumption, quick recovery of regenerated skin and good cultivation of trees. The quality of rubber tapping tools and the proficiency of operation directly affect the yield and health of rubber trees.

13. What are the "Ten Preventions" for rubber tapping?

(1) Prevent the handle from pointing to the chest; (2) prevent handshaking; (3) to prevent knife sticking; (4) to prevent knife leakage; (5) heavy knife; (6) to prevent disorderly knife; (7) to prevent knife pressing; (8) prevent empty knives; (9) Prevent the knife from colliding with the body; (10) to prevent half-step cutting.

14, how to use the plastic knife?

In order to ensure the planning and utilization of bark and obtain higher yield, logging, logging and logging must do the following:

(1) The cutting is deep enough and neat enough.

Cutting is the beginning of cutting. When cutting, the left hand should hold the knife steadily, the back of the knife should be close to the sideline, the rubber knife should be inserted outward at the same angle as the cutting slope, and then gently turn outward to the front position with the wrist force of the back of the hand, and at the same time twist out the index finger of the front hand. Don't open the front and rear vertical lines too deep. Usually, when cutting a knife, the depth should be sufficient, and the thickness of the cut skin of the lower knife should be the same as that of the row knife to prevent the secant from bending. If the knife cuts too deep, the regenerated skin will have a groove in the future.

(2) The knife is steady and light.

When cutting glue, you should hold a steady glue knife, watch the secant, and push it evenly and easily, so as to achieve accurate knife alignment, light force, reduce the friction between the glue knife and the cutting surface, and the depth and thickness are appropriate, and the cut piece is rectangular (effective skin accounts for more than 50%). On the basis of stability, accuracy and lightness, it is necessary to improve the tapping speed and cut quickly. In this way, the cutting can be completed in the most favorable time of glue discharge, and the combination of lightness and lightness can reduce the friction on the nipple. Usually, it is necessary to cut a flat knife for rubber tapping, and a slightly straight knife can be cut in high temperature and dry season, which is beneficial to rubber tapping. /kloc-After mid-October, the side knife should be slightly cut in the low temperature period, which is beneficial to disease prevention. In order to prevent knife jumping, the position should be appropriate, the back of the knife should be close to the sideline, the wrist force of the left hand should be turned briskly, and the index finger of the right hand should be twisted outward to prevent knife jumping.

(3) The knife should be collected neatly and deeply.

When the knife is 3-4cm away from the waterline, pick 1-2 knife, and then gently push the knife to the waterline smoothly. At this point, the top of the blade has reached the front waterline, but the lower blade has not yet reached it. The right hand should be slightly lower, the outer heel should be turned out slightly, so that the lower edge is flush with the front waterline, and then the flat mouth should be scraped out, so that the knife is neat and deep enough.

Cut the secant high. When the knife approaches the sideline, pay attention to the left wing of the knife. When the left wing reaches the sideline, raise the back hand, so that both the left wing and the right wing of the knife can reach the sideline before pulling it out, so that the knife will be collected neatly and will not exceed the sideline.

15, how to cut rubber to achieve uniform cutting surface?

(1) When cutting, keep the forearm and handle straight and push forward with arm strength. When cutting, look sideways at the knife-receiving point, and each knife is received from the triangle point.

(2) The width of the blade near the cutting surface is kept at about 0. 1cm, and it is easy to cut out inconspicuous small lines.

(3) Only the front end of the glue knife is 2cm long and leans against the secant. The force should be stable. When it is too heavy, it will press the cutting surface, and when it is too light, it will easily float out.

(4) The body carries a knife, that is, the body moves forward in a forward posture to drive the rubber knife forward, and the knife will naturally follow the body, and the knife will remain horizontal with the body.

16. How to cut the gum when the bark is uneven in thickness?

(1) Use slow knife, pick knife and turn knife.

When you meet a small ditch, cross it with a slow knife. When you meet the middle ditch, cross it with a pickaxe. When encountering a big ditch, the knife pusher will bend through with one knife, that is, hold the knife firmly, so that the blade advances along the cutting surface with the bent knife and does not retreat halfway. Broach should be cut by sections, first cutting the lower half and then cutting the upper half.

(2) the knife should be light to prevent disorderly knife.

Trees with uneven thickness of regenerated bark should be cut with a straight knife. For trees with many tumors and fast gum production, the method of sectional cutting is adopted, and the half part is cut first, and then the upper part is cut to prevent outflow. If the cutting speed of the knife is fast and the body can't keep up, the knife will be sent to the cutting position for cutting again, resulting in fragments. The way to overcome the debris is to cut the blade along the tangent plane, ensure that the blade and the knife are connected together, and prevent the knife from being messy, that is, don't slice blindly.