Appreciation and explanation of Kuafu's daily * * * work anger.

This is one of the earliest famous myths in China. It tells the story of Kuafu struggling to catch up with the sun and sleeping in Yuyuan.

Kuafu, a giant in ancient myths and legends, is a descendant of Houdi, the god of the nether world, who lives in the northern wilderness of Chengdu, on the Tianshan Mountains. He chased the sun with two yellow snakes in his ears and two yellow snakes in his hand. When he arrived at Yu Valley, where the sun was about to fall, he felt thirsty and went to drink the water from the Yellow River and Weihe River. After the river was drained by him, his thirst still did not stop. He wanted to drink the water from the great lakes in the north, but before he got there, he died of thirst. When Kuafu died, he threw away his staff, which suddenly turned into a peach grove full of fresh fruits, relieving thirst for those who later pursued light.

Kuafu's myth of chasing the sun reflects the spirit of people's competition with nature in ancient times. The Book of Mountains and Seas records this myth and says that he is "overreaching", but Tao Qian in Jin Dynasty praised that "Kuafu's grand birthday is a race with Japan".

Kuafu's fairy tales are mainly found in Shan Hai Jing Overseas North Jing and Great Wilderness North Jing. Liezi Tang Wen is slightly different in the details of turning a walking stick into a peach forest, saying that Kuafu "abandoned his walking stick and was immersed in resin paste and meat, and gave birth to Deng Lin". As for Deng Lin, according to the research of Bi Yuan in Qing Dynasty, Deng and Taoyin are close, and Deng Lin is the Taolin, which is called "Mountain of Kuafu, Taolin in the north" in The Classic of Mountains and Seas. The mountain of Kuafu, Hao Yixing said a Qinshan, is connected with Taihua, in Lingbao County, Henan Province. There are still some places whose descendants are famous for "Kuafu", among which there are many legends associated with Kuafu's pursuit of the sun.

[ Edit this paragraph] Ancient prose

Kuafu drove away from Japan and entered Japan. Thirst, desire to drink, drink in the river, Wei; River, nutrient-laden, north drink osawa. Before he arrives, he dies of thirst. Abandon his staff and become Deng Lin.

[ Edit this paragraph] Translation of Ancient Chinese

Kuafu raced with the sun to catch up with the place where the sun set. He felt very thirsty and wanted to drink water. He drank water by the Yellow River and Wei River. When the water in the Yellow River and Wei River was not enough for him, he went to the great lakes in the north to drink water. He didn't arrive yet and died of thirst on the way. He abandoned his walking stick and it turned into Deng Lin (Taolin).

[ Edit this paragraph] Idiom

Heading: Kuā fù zhú ri

Pinyin: Kuafu: a person's name in ancient legend. Kuafu chased after the sun desperately. Praise: It is a metaphor for great ambition, or great strength and boldness, and it is also a metaphor for human determination and ambition to overcome nature. Pejorative: I can't chew my teeth. Father, an ancient man with a good name, read "axe"

Source: Shan Hai Jing Overseas North Jing

Synonym: Kuafu chasing the sun

Usage: as an object, attributive.

Example: Rong Hua's Theory of Disregarding the Taoist priest's Yi Xia's Theory in the Southern Dynasties: "Really?"

[ Edit this paragraph] Kuafu's Daily Classic of Mountains and Seas

Selected from: Classic of Mountains and Seas Overseas

Original: Kuafu and Japan/Drive Away ①, Enter Japan ②. Thirst, desire to drink, drink in the river, Wei 3; River, nutrient/deficiency, northern drinking/osawa ④. Before ⑤, die of thirst. Abandon/its ⑦ staff and turn it into/Deng Lin ⑧.

Kuafu raced with the sun to catch up with the setting sun. He was very thirsty. If he wanted to drink water, he went to the Yellow River and Weishui to drink water. When the water in the Yellow River and Weishui was not enough for him, he went to the great lakes in the north to drink water. Before he arrived, he died of thirst on the road. Kuafu threw away his walking stick and turned it into a peach grove.

comments; Kuafu statue day by day

one by one: competition;

marching: race, race;

entering the sun: catch up with the place where the sun sets;

on: to.

River Wei: Yellow River and Weishui;

insufficient: insufficient;

North: North

osawa: Great Lakes. Legend has it that it is thousands of miles across, in the north of Yanmen Mountain.

to: to;

Tao: nouns as adverbials are on the way;

and: indicating cause and effect;

die of thirst: die of thirst halfway;

qi: pronoun (for Kuafu);

Deng Lin: Taolin.

[ Edit this paragraph] The ancient book records

Shan Hai Jing Overseas North Jing: "Kuafu drove away from Japan and entered Japan. If you are thirsty, you can drink from the river. If the river is not enough, you can drink from osawa in the north. Before he arrives, he dies of thirst. Abandon its staff. Into Deng Lin. "

Shan Hai Jing Da Huang Bei Jing: "In the Great Wilderness, there is a mountain named Chengdu that carries the sky. Some people named two yellow snakes Kuafu. After being born, faith is born, and faith is born to Kuafu. Kuafu overreached himself, trying to catch up with the Japanese scenery, and caught him in Yugu. You will drink from the river but not enough, and you will go to osawa, but you will die here before you arrive. Ying Long has killed Chiyou and Kuafu, but he went to the south, so it is rainy in the south. "

Liezi Tang Wen: "Kuafu overreached himself and wanted to chase after the sun. When you are in the corner of the valley, you are thirsty to drink and go to drink the river. River Wei is not enough, so we will go north to drink osawa. Before he arrives, he dies of thirst. Abandoning his staff, he was soaked in resin paste and gave birth to Deng Lin. Deng Lin is thousands of miles away. "

[ Edit this paragraph] Legends

In ancient times, in the northern wilderness, there was a towering mountain. Deep in the mountains, there live a group of giants with infinite strength.

Their leader is the grandson of Houtu, the god of the underworld, and the son of Xin, whose name is Kuafu. Therefore, this group of people is called Kuafu. They are strong, tall and burly, with strong willpower and extraordinary spirit. But also kind-hearted, hardworking and brave, living a life of peace and freedom.

At that time, the land was desolate, poisonous animals were rampant, and people's lives were miserable. In order to make the people of this tribe survive, Kuafu led the people to fight against the scourge every day.

Kuafu often hangs the vicious yellow snake he catches on his ears as decoration, and takes pride in holding it in his hand and waving it.

One year, the weather was very hot. The burning sun shone directly on the earth, which killed crops, scorched trees and dried up rivers. People are unbearably hot, and Kuafu people are dying.

Kuafu was very sad to see this scene. He looked up at the sun and told his people, "The sun is really hateful. I want to catch up with it and let it listen to people." After listening to it, the people dissuaded them.

Some people say, "Don't go. The sun is so far away from us that you will be exhausted."

Some people say, "The sun is so hot, you will be roasted to death."

Kuafu has made up his mind and vowed to catch the sun and make it obey people's orders and serve them. He looked at the miserable people and said, "I must go for everyone's happy life!" "

The sun has just risen from the sea, and Kuafu bid farewell to his people. With great ambition, he strode towards the rising direction from the East China Sea and began his daily journey.

The sun is moving fast in the air, and Kuafu is chasing after it like a gale on the ground. He crossed mountains and rivers, and the earth was rocked and swayed back and forth by his footsteps.

When Kuafu was tired from running, he took a slight nap and shook the soil off his shoes, thus forming a big earth mountain. When he is hungry, he picks wild fruits to satisfy his hunger, and sometimes Kuafu cooks. He used three stones to build a pot, and these three stones became three high mountains standing on their feet, several thousand meters high.

Kuafu ran after the sun, and his confidence grew stronger as he got closer to the sun. The closer you get to the sun, the more thirsty you are. It is no longer possible to quench your thirst by holding the river.

However, he was not afraid, and kept encouraging himself, "Soon, we will catch up with the sun, and people's lives will be happy."

After nine days in kuya, Kuafu finally caught up with it at sunset.

The fiery red fireball was in front of Kuafu's eyes, and there were thousands of golden lights on his head, bathing him.

Kuafu opened his arms with great joy, trying to embrace the sun. But the sun was unusually hot, and Kuafu felt thirsty and tired. He ran to the Yellow River and drank the water of the Yellow River in one breath.

He ran to the Weihe River again and drank all the Weihe River water, but he still didn't quench his thirst.

Kuafu ran to the north again, where there was osawa, and there was enough water in osawa to quench Kuafu's thirst.

However, Kuafu died of thirst on the way before he ran to osawa.

When Kuafu died, his heart was full of regrets. He was still worried about his people, so he threw out his staff. Where the wooden staff landed, a large lush peach forest suddenly appeared.

This peach forest is lush all the year round, which provides shade for passers-by. The fresh peaches can quench the thirst of hardworking people, so that people can get rid of fatigue and embark on the journey energetically.

[ Edit this paragraph] Realistic implication

Why should Kuafu catch up with the sun?

Mr. Yang Gongji believes that Kuafu's daily story has profound implications. It shows that "only those who pay attention to time and the sun race can walk fast;" The faster you walk, the more you feel empty in your stomach, so that you can need and receive more water (you might as well take water as a symbol of knowledge); Only by getting more water can we race against time and not fall behind time. " Mr. Yang's view was incorporated into the book China Literature, which was endorsed by many comrades.

In addition, Mr. Xiao Bing, a writer, said in his book "Heroes of Fire Stealing: Kuafu and Prometheus": Kuafu is trying to gather kindling for mankind every day, so that the earth can get light and warmth. Kuafu is a "fire thief hero" and Prometheus of China. Mr. Xiao's view is quite romantic. Others regard Kuafu day by day as a struggle in nature, with Kuafu representing "water" and the sun representing "fire". The water god and the fire god contend, and water and fire are incompatible. Kuafu's daily story gives people rich imagination and profound enlightenment. How to understand this story is not only a concern of academic circles, but its positive significance lies in that people understand the world with their own different understandings and realize their own beautiful pursuit.

Kuafu's daily intention

Kuafu's daily intention is actually a long-distance tribal migration in the history of the Chinese nation, and it is a courageous adventure. However, because their understanding of the operation of the sun and the geographical situation in northwest China is completely wrong, they finally failed tragically.

In ancient times, any tribe has settled in a place for a long time, and its primitive and destructive labor will certainly destroy the resources there and tend to dry up. The decline of land fertility or salinization, the decrease of hunting and fishing range, and so on are inevitable, and the food and other materials available will only become less and less. In this case, there is only one choice, and the tribe must migrate to a new and better place.

Kuafu's decision when confronted with this problem is to go west to the Yugu where the sun sets.

this decision is incredible to modern people, because we know that the earth is spherical and revolves around the sun, and the sun will never fall into the earth, not to mention moving westward, either blocked by mountains or entering the desert, and there are not many places suitable for human habitation. Now that science and technology are developed, it is still difficult for people to live in oases well. As for intruders in ancient times, it is almost impossible to live.

But for an inland tribe like Kuafu, it is normal to make this decision. The earth is spherical, the earth moves around the sun and the geographical situation in northwest China, and they know nothing about it. They may know at most from tribes near the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea that the east is the sea, from which the sun rises. As for the west, the end is Yu Valley, where the sun sets.

The astronomical articles in Huainanzi are examples: the sun rises from Yi Valley and bathes in Xianchi ... As for Kunwu, it means right in the middle, ... as for Yuyuan, it means dusk, ... Moreover, the most commonly used words in modern Chinese still leave traces of understanding of the sun movement in ancient times. Such as "the sun rises and sets in the west", "sunrise" and "sunset" and so on. These words all imply the ancient idea that the sun rises and sets from the earth.

Kuafu tribes should focus on agricultural production. They must have realized that sunshine determines the seasons, agriculture and other production activities. Then, in Yugu Valley where the sun sets, sunshine is the most abundant. For Kuafu people who are facing difficulties due to lack of resources, it is the best choice to move there. Unfortunately, they walked into the desert. In the desert, there are yellow sand dunes everywhere. During the day, it is very hot and very short of water, and the thirst is unbearable. According to the records, they found a river in the desert, and called the trunk of the river (Yellow River) and the branch of the source (Weihe River). This kind of river is a seasonal river, which is formed by the melting and gathering of snow and ice on the distant heights in summer. As time goes by, from summer to autumn, the temperature drops and the melting of ice and snow decreases, which will become shallow and dry up. When the Kuafu people found that the river suddenly became shallower, the water surface became narrower and the water volume was decreasing, they knew that the water source on which they depended would disappear. Do you insist on going forward or going back? Kuafu decided to leave some people in the oasis, while others, led by Kuafu, went north to look for osawa. It is very likely that they saw a mirage, but whatever the reason, the result is the same: going north or desert. The desert is harsh and boundless. During the trek, physical strength dropped rapidly and there was not enough water. Finally, Kuafu and his people fell in the desert.

This is the actual situation in Kuafu's daily legend. In ancient times, human beings were able to survive at the expense of destroying the natural environment. Living in one place will destroy another. Therefore, migration and pioneering are more frequent. And Kuafu's day by day, due to his extraordinary courage, became the first time in the history of the Chinese nation to be remembered for the pioneering failure caused by insufficient water resources.

Kuafu is an activity of a tribe, not a struggle between gods. The evidence is obvious: the previous record was derogatory, "Kuafu overreached", which was the comments of other tribes on their plans and results. And then a heroic dry cloud narrative was handed down by Kuafu people. In addition, if the rivers and Wei mentioned in these two records are understood as seasonal rivers in the desert, rather than the Yellow River and Weihe River, then both records are about the life of Kuafu people in the desert.

Kuafu's failure made ancient people realize that it was extremely difficult to conquer the northwest. Since then, water, not war, has determined that the Chinese nation can only develop southward. For thousands of years, the south has been developed by immigrants, and virgin forests and barren land have been turned into prosperous towns, while the northwest is still sparsely populated.

can Kuafu site be excavated? Perhaps, only schliemann in China can do it. At that time, German schliemann, with his love for Homer's epic, financial resources and perseverance, finally turned what almost everyone thought was just a myth into the most exciting discovery in the history of archaeological excavation.

[ Edit this paragraph] Introduction to Shan Hai Jing

Shan Hai Jing is an ancient book in China before the Qin Dynasty. It is generally believed that it mainly describes ancient myths, geography, products, witchcraft, religion, ancient history, medicine, folk customs, nationalities and other aspects. Some scholars think that Shan Hai Jing doesn't