What are the main meteorological satellites in China at present?

Fengyun-1 meteorological satellite is a series of polar-orbiting meteorological satellites in China. * * * Four satellites were launched, namely FY-/KOOC-0/A, FY-/KOOC-0/B, FY-/KOOC-0/C and FY-/KOOC-0/D.

FY- 1A and 1B are experimental meteorological satellites, which were launched by the Long March 4 rocket on September 7, 1988 and September 3, 1990, respectively. The body of the satellite is a hexahedron of1.4×1.2m. In 86 minutes, the satellite orbits the earth once a day 14 times. After the first FY- 1A satellite was put into orbit, a large number of high-quality cloud images were obtained. Due to attitude out of control, the satellite worked for 39 days; The attitude control system of FY- 1B satellite is obviously improved compared with FY- 1A, but the reliability of the system needs to be further improved. . The remote sensors installed on these two satellites have imaging characteristics.

The performance is good, and the obtained test data and operation experience provide meaningful data for the development and management of the follow-up satellite. FY- 1A is China's first sun-synchronous orbit, which indicates that China has become one of the few countries in the world with the ability to independently develop, launch and operate meteorological satellites.

FY-/KOOC-0/C was launched on/KOOC-0/May, 1999/KOOC-0/0, and operated in a sun-synchronous polar orbit of 90/KOOC-0/km, with a design life of 3 years. The main remote sensor of the satellite is a visible-infrared scanner with very high resolution. The number of channels is increased from 5 FY- 1A/B to 10, and the resolution is 1 100 meters. Remote sensing data obtained by satellites are mainly used for weather forecasting and environmental monitoring such as vegetation, snow and ice cover, floods and forest fires. FY- 1C satellite was officially listed in the world operational polar-orbiting meteorological satellite sequence by the World Meteorological Organization because of its stable on-orbit operation and accurate data acquisition, and became the first satellite in China to be listed in the world meteorological operation.

The FY- 1D satellite was prototype designed in 2000, and launched by Long March 4 B rocket at Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center on May 15, 2002.

Fengyun-1 meteorological satellite is the first transmission polar orbit remote sensing satellite in China. Its main task is to obtain atmospheric, cloud, land and ocean data at home and abroad, and collect relevant data for weather forecast, climate forecast, natural disasters and global environmental monitoring.

Fengyun no.2

Fengyun -2A satellite is the first experimental satellite of FY-2 meteorological satellite, the first generation stationary meteorological satellite in China. Fengyun -2A satellite/KLOC-0 was successfully launched in June, 1997, with stable attitude and spin, and only one three-channel scanning radiometer, with a design life of 3 years. 1 997 65438+February1officially delivered to users for business use. Satellite cloud images have played an important role in typhoon and marine weather monitoring, rainstorm forecasting, flood control service, weather system analysis of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, aviation meteorological support and climate change.

Fengyun -2A satellite began to have some faults after running for about 3 months, and it could only work intermittently, and then it had to rest after working for 6 to 8 hours every day. In the application of meteorological service, the expected effect was not achieved, and finally it was not commercialized.

B star editor

Fengyun -2B satellite is the second experimental satellite of FY-2 meteorological satellite, the first generation stationary meteorological satellite in China. Fengyun -2B satellite was launched in xichang satellite launch center on June 25th, 2000, and the first original cloud image was successfully acquired on July 6th. Attitude and spin are stable, and there is only one three-channel scanning radiometer with a design life of 3 years.

After Fengyun -2B satellite was launched, it operated for less than 8 months, and a component on the satellite began to malfunction. The signal transmitted by satellite is much attenuated than normal, so it is difficult to receive. In the application of meteorological service, the expected effect was not achieved, and finally it was not commercialized. The operation of this satellite has accumulated a lot of experience for the follow-up satellite of Fengyun-2 meteorological satellite.

C star editor

FY-2C satellite is the first operational satellite of FY-2 meteorological satellite, the first generation stationary meteorological satellite in China. On June 65438+1October 65438+1October 9, 2004, FY-2C satellite was launched. On the 24th, it was positioned over the equator at 0/05 degree east longitude, with a fixed point of 36000 kilometers from the ground, occupying the position of FY-2B satellite to observe the meteorological conditions in the Asia-Pacific region. After 4 days of satellite positioning, the ground application system adaptively adjusted, connected with the satellite, opened the channels of business measurement and control, data transmission and forwarding, and turned on the scanning radiometer.

D star editor

On February 8, 2006, Fengyun -2D geostationary meteorological satellite was successfully launched, realizing "on-orbit backup". Fengyun -2 d star runs stably and its technical condition is good.

E-editor

At 08: 54: 04 on February 23rd, 2008, the third operational geostationary meteorological satellite Fengyun-2 E-Star independently developed by China was successfully launched by the Long March 3A carrier rocket in xichang satellite launch center. The successful launch of Fengyun-2 e satellite has added a new member to China's geostationary meteorological satellite, which is of great significance to ensure the continuous and stable operation of China's geostationary meteorological satellite observation service.

F star editor

2065438+2002+65438+At 8: 56 on June 3, 2002, Fengyun-2 07 was successfully launched in xichang satellite launch center. Fengyun-2 F star is Fengyun-2.

Fengyun-2 F star

Fengyun-2 F Star (3 photos)

The first of the third batch of three satellites carries two main payloads: scanning radiometer and space environmental monitor.

The scanning radiometer includes 1 visible light and four infrared channels, and the full disk image covering about 1/3 of the earth's surface can be obtained every hour in non-flood season and every half hour in flood season. At the same time, Fengyun-2 F-Star also has more flexible scanning ability with high time resolution for specific areas, which can focus on severe weather such as typhoon and strong convection, and will play an important role in meteorological disaster monitoring and early warning, disaster prevention and mitigation in China. The space environmental monitor can monitor the flow of solar X-rays, high-energy protons, high-energy electrons and high-energy heavy particles in multiple energy segments, and is used for space weather monitoring, forecasting and early warning.

First release

On May 27th, 2008, 1 1: 02, Fengyun-3, China's first new generation polar-orbiting meteorological satellite, was launched from Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center by the "Long March 4 C" carrier rocket developed by China. This satellite is loaded with 10 advanced detection instruments, which will make a qualitative leap in China's meteorological observation capability.

the second

2010165438+15 October, the second meteorological satellite of China Fengyun-3 was successfully launched. This is the first time that China has launched a polar-orbiting meteorological satellite-Wuxing, which will form a pattern of simultaneous orbit of the morning and evening stars with Fengyun-3 A star.

Successful launch

2010165438+1In the early morning of October 5, the "Long March IV C" carrier rocket sent the second FY-3 meteorological satellite into the scheduled orbit at Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center. This satellite will be networked with the first Fengyun-3, and the global scanning will be changed from 2 times a day to 4 times, thus improving the observation ability of severe weather such as typhoons and thunderstorms. It is reported that the "Long March 4 C" carrier rocket and the "Fengyun 3" meteorological satellite were both developed by Shanghai Aerospace Technology Research Institute. It is understood that in addition to weather forecast, Fengyun-3 B has the ability to monitor natural disasters such as drought, flood and sandstorm, ecological environment, global ice and snow coverage and ozone distribution, regional air quality, and even predict global food production.

According to the plan, China will launch 14 meteorological satellites in the next 10 years.

third

At about 1 1 Beijing time on September 23rd, 2065438, China successfully launched the third Fengyun-3 meteorological satellite from Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center with the Long March IV C carrier rocket, and the satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit.

Fengyun-3 meteorological satellite was successfully launched.

Fengyun-3 meteorological satellite was successfully launched.

China's third Fengyun-3 meteorological satellite will be networked with two Fengyun-3 meteorological satellites in orbit to further improve China's meteorological observation capability and medium-term weather forecast capability.

Fengyun-3 meteorological satellite is the second generation polar-orbiting meteorological satellite in China, which can carry out all-weather, multi-spectral, three-dimensional and quantitative detection on a global scale, mainly providing meteorological parameters for medium-term numerical weather forecasting, monitoring large-scale natural disasters and ecological environment, and providing meteorological information for studying global environmental changes, exploring global climate change laws, aviation and navigation.

China's first and second FY-3 meteorological satellites are experimental application satellites, which were successfully launched in May 2008 and June 20 10+0 1 respectively, and are still in stable operation. After the FY-3 meteorological satellite is connected with three satellites, its observation data update time will be shortened from 12 hours to 6 hours, thus greatly improving China's meteorological observation ability and medium-term weather forecast ability.