What was the battle when Napoleon returned to Germany in winter?

After Napoleon occupied Moscow in the Battle of Maloya Roslavitz, he thought that the Tsar would take the initiative to make peace, so that he could take the opportunity to get out of this war. Unexpectedly, after waiting and waiting, the tsar was indifferent. At this time, there was bad news from the rear. The French army on the Spanish battlefield was completely defeated and even Madrid was lost. The situation in France is also unstable, and royalists are ready to move. Moreover, the supply line of the French army was even attacked by the Russian army, and it was in danger of being cut off at any time. Napoleon couldn't wait any longer. He took the initiative to make peace with the czar, but Alexander I was indifferent to it. He was determined to wash away the humiliation suffered by Russia with the victory of the war. As a result, Napoleon stayed in Moscow for four weeks in vain, making futile peace talks and achieving nothing. After entering October, the weather is getting colder and colder, and winter in Russia is coming. Napoleon realized that the only way to delay any longer was to sit still, and he finally made up his mind to retreat.

On October 19th, Napoleon led 1, French troops and more than 5 artillery pieces to leave Moscow. When he left, he took tens of thousands of carts full of looted goods, and the mighty procession was more than 3 kilometers long. At this point, Kutuzov's troops have been replenished and immediately rushed to Napoleon's army. On October 24th, Russian troops stopped the French army head-on in Maloya Roslavitz. The two sides fought a fierce battle, and Maloya Roslavitz changed hands eight times in one day. The French army lost more than 5 soldiers and finally captured Maloya Roslavitz. In retaliation for the Russian army, Napoleon ordered the villages and manors along the way to be burned down. When passing through the battlefield of Borodino, tens of thousands of bodies of Russian and French troops have not been buried and have rotted, and the scene is terrible. On the way to Smolensk, the French army was not only hungry and tired, but also attacked by Cossack cavalry every day, losing all the way and losing all the fighting spirit. At this point, the Prussian army on the North Road and the Austrian army on the South Road genial smile that they had withdrawn early and the French army was more isolated.

On November 3rd, the French army fought another battle with the Russian army in Vyazma. Although the Russian army was repelled, more than 5, people were killed or injured. On November 5, snow began to fall in Russia, and the temperature dropped rapidly. When the French army evacuated from Moscow, it didn't expect to March in the snow and ice, didn't bring enough cold and warm supplies, and the food and grass were exhausted, and the order began to be chaotic. The French army robbed everywhere in small groups in search of food and fuel. As long as a horse fell, everyone rushed to grab food. Many people often killed each other for a piece of bread and a potato. Russian cavalry rushed in from time to time, chopped and then quickly disappeared. The French army abandoned countless bodies all the way, a large number of people deserted, many wounded and sick people were left behind, and even the cart full of looted materials was left unattended on the roadside. On November 9, Napoleon finally retreated to Smolensk, with less than 6, troops left. Because French horses don't have anti-skid nails installed on their hooves, they are very easy to break their legs in the snow, and they freeze to death in the cold. So far, there are few left, and many cannons and ammunition trucks have to be discarded. On November 14, this frozen army continued to withdraw westward. When crossing the Dnieper River, there was a fierce battle with the Russian army. After a hard struggle, deus ex, many French soldiers were killed and drowned in the river.

At this time, Russian troops in Chichagov had captured Minsk, the supply place of the French army, and Napoleon's plan to rest here was dashed, so he had to retreat northward to Werner, Lithuania. In the freezing cold of more than 3 degrees below zero, thousands of French soldiers with no food and thin clothes fell in the snow every day and were soon buried by thick snow. Napoleon often dismounted and walked with the soldiers, and the French soldiers still maintained touching loyalty to Napoleon. When camping, the soldiers shivering with cold donated extremely precious dry wood and said, "Take it to the emperor." After many hardships, the French army retreated to the Na River in Berezin, but the bridge on the river was burned by the Russian army. The Russian army guarded the other side, and the French army could not rebuild the bridge. Moreover, the weather suddenly warmed up and the glaciers were civilized, and the French army could not rush over the ice. At the moment of life and death, Napoleon sneaked into Chencang, pretending to build a bridge in situ, secretly sending troops to the upstream to disperse a small number of Cossack cavalry and seize a bridge site. French engineers fought tenaciously in the icy river, and finally set up two pontoons on November 25th. French soldiers immediately rushed to cross the bridge, and as a result, a pontoon bridge collapsed and many people fell into the ice water. People rushed to another bridge even more crazily, squeezing and stepping desperately to escape to the other side, and many people were squeezed into the river. By this time, the Russian army had attacked from three sides and set up artillery to bombard the river. Many French soldiers jumped into the river to swim in desperation, but the river was too cold, and these people were quickly frozen. In the second year, the river receded, and about 12, bodies of the French army were exposed on the river. In the extreme chaos, Napoleon's guards desperately blocked the Russian army and protected Napoleon from retreating across the Berezzina River. On November 29, after the French guards crossed the river, they immediately burned the bridge and finally escaped the pursuit of the Russian army. On the east bank of the river, more than 1, French troops left behind. Except those who died of cold and hunger, they all became Russian prisoners.

On December 5th, Napoleon arrived in Lithuania. He handed over his troops to Miao La and drove back to Paris lightly via Warsaw. On December 14th, Ney led the last batch of scattered French troops across the Niemann River, and there were only 2, people left. At this point, Napoleon's war of aggression against Russia finally ended.