Does the highest temperature mentioned in the weather forecast mean in the sun or in the shade?

The highest temperature is the air temperature under the sun.

The temperature reported in the weather forecast is the air temperature. After the heat energy of the sun is absorbed by the ground, the ground transfers the heat to the air through radiation, conduction and convection, which is the main source of heat in the air. The part of solar radiation directly absorbed by the atmosphere has little effect on heating air, and can only increase the temperature by 0.0 15 ~ 0.02℃. It is also for this reason that under normal circumstances, the surface temperature will be higher than the air temperature.