The General Situation, Course, Historical Significance and Influence of Gaoyou Battle in Yuan Dynasty

The Battle of Gaoyou at the end of Yuan Dynasty was the last large-scale suppression of peasant rebels in Yuan Dynasty. Since then, their power has been used for other purposes. Overview of the War: The peasant uprising rose at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and the Red Scarf Army led by Liu Futong and Xu Shouhui became the most active uprising army in the early stage. The Yuan Dynasty organized troops to suppress the Red Scarf Uprising. Just as the Yuan Army was winning, Zhang Shicheng, a native of Taizhou Baijuchang, rose up and claimed to be Wang Cheng. Yuan dispatched troops, and millions of troops besieged Gaoyou. When Gaoyou City was about to be broken, the Yuan Empire was on fire, changed coaches and was defeated by Zhang Shicheng. After Gaoyou's defeat, the dynasty with constant civil strife was no longer able to organize large-scale attacks on farmers and civilian rebels. Number of generals: Number of outstanding stars in Zhang Shicheng: Number of politically influential stars: Number of comprehensive stars: 6.5 Type of war: The X factor that determines the outcome of a war sometimes lies in the court rather than the battlefield. An in-depth analysis of the war: the sweat of Jules, a migrant worker, dripped on the riverbed of Huanglinggang. Damn weather! Damn work! Damn Mongols! Jules cursed and concentrated all his anger on the hoe in his hand, digging the loess in the riverbed. Bang, Jules, his arm is numb and his hoe is sold. A stone, no! This is a stone man. People gathered curiously and dug in layers of loess. They saw the stone man clearly. Cyclops! People exclaimed because they saw the ballad engraved on the back of the stone man: the stone man messed up the world with one eye! During the 88 years from 1280 to 1368, Mongolians were the owners of this land in China. For the former owners, Mongolians enjoy everything they created and passed on, and use the resources of this land and the culture created by this nation to run their own new paradise. However, for the Han nationality, Mongols have always maintained a strange mentality. They want to prove that they are far beyond and superior to this nation that has created brilliant spiritual civilization and material civilization. Culture cannot be erased, but race can be graded. Mongolians may want to use hierarchy to cover up the huge cultural gap between the two nationalities at that time. Southerners are classified as the lowest level and the fourth category of the Yuan Empire. This nation has always been regarded as an elite intellectual, and it has become the bottom of society in an unprecedented way. In front of them are women who sell themselves in brothels. Farmers in China will not put down their hoes as long as they are hungry. However, in the Yuan Empire, they accepted the double oppression and discrimination against the poor people of inferior ethnic groups, and they were poor in spirit and material. No one wants to be inferior, and the Han nationality is by no means inferior. Therefore, although their government perished, the struggle against the Yuan Dynasty never stopped from the first day it occupied the Central Plains. In A.D. 1280, Duke, a farmer from Nankang, Jiangxi Province, organized an uprising by using the White Lotus Sect, calling himself the King of Heaven, and tens of thousands of people followed the uprising. Although Du Tianwang failed, it opened the prelude to the surging peasant uprising in the Yuan Empire. Anbailism is a Buddhist organization that originated in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Master Hui Yuan, the founder of Pure Land Sect, recited Buddha in Tolin Temple and Lotus Club in Lushan Mountain, and named it White Lotus Club. Mao Ziyuan, a native of Kunshan, Wujun County in the Southern Song Dynasty, founded a Protestant Sect called An Baili on the basis of the folk pure land Sect. By the Yuan Dynasty, Anbaili had a wide range of believers and became the best organization and communication tool for peasant uprisings. The Yuan government began to support Anbashism, hoping to paralyze the people with religion and make them give up their resistance. However, in the uncontrollable fire, the docile Buddhism was infected by the irreconcilable ethnic contradictions in the Yuan Dynasty and became my Buddha, also known as the lion's roar. In view of the growing anxiety of Christians in An Baili, it is too late to ban Anbalism from spreading in Yuan Wuzong. In A.D. 1332, Bolzigit I, the new and last emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, took power around Timur. Shun Di sat on the throne of the emperor for thirty-two years, which was longer than the reign of the emperor.

It is easy for me to get rid of this thorn in my side. My own son and Korean wife think that he has been in office for too long, and look forward to his early glory. Shun Di's backyard is full of trouble. The White Lotus Sect also began to hiss. In the fourth year of Yuan Dynasty, Yuanzhou people in Jiangxi led disciple Zhou to organize an uprising of Christians and peasants. The conscript was very small, only over 5,000 people, and was quickly suppressed by the Yuan Army, but Peng Yingyu escaped. While practicing medicine in various places, the monk Peng spread the seeds of the uprising. 135 1 year, the yuan government organized150,000 civilian workers to build the Yellow River. However, there are few river management fees left, and the civilian workers who have to bear heavy corvee have to bring their own dry food. Countless people starved to death and were exhausted, and at that time people complained. At this time, the believers of Han and Yingzhou in Luancheng began to develop believers among civilian workers to prepare for the uprising. The two men made a beautiful plan to spread songs, and the one-eyed stone man was among those who destroyed the river. As a result, under their arrangement, the one-eyed stone man was dug up in Huanggang Mausoleum. Han and Liu said that this marks the birth and harmony of Maitreya. What are the brothers waiting for? Let's get rid of the Mongols who dominate the Central Plains. The two gathered 3,000 Bailian believers in Bailuzhuang, Yingshang County to prepare for righteousness. Later, the news leaked, and Han was killed by the Yuan Army, and he rose up in advance. Eleven years, the rebel army captured Yingzhou, and then captured Runing, Gwangju, Xizhou and other places, and began to become bigger and stronger, growing to more than 100,000 people. The team he led was called the East Road Red Scarf Army. After the events of Han and Liu Qi, Monk Peng, who had been working underground for many years, and Xu Shouhui, who sold homespun, revolted in Hubei and successively captured Huangzhou, De 'an, Wuchang and Jiangling. In October of 11th year, Xu Shouhui proclaimed himself emperor in qi zhou, and his title ended. The rebel army led by Xu and Peng is called marked army. For a time, peasant rebels of all sizes appeared in every corner of the Yuan Empire. Ordinary troops sent by Yuan Ting didn't play any role in suppressing the Red Scarf Army. Facing the red mountains and rivers all over the country, the cabinet ministers in power in Yuan Ting had to leave. At that time, the internal affairs and diplomacy of the Yuan Empire were uncertain. Also known as Timur, his ancestral home is Kilimanjaro, and he is Yuan's adopted son. After Shun Di came to power, he adopted the policy of national oppression, which aggravated various crises of the Yuan Empire. Although Bo Yan was very good at detachment, he put himself above everything else and cooperated with Yuan Shundi, successfully forcing Bo Yan to abdicate and restoring Shun Di's sovereignty. Later, Shun Di became an official of the Privy Council, prime minister of Zhongshu Right, and a pillar of the Yuan Dynasty Empire. After stepping down, a series of reforms were carried out in an attempt to save the dying empire. Militarily, he reformed the military system and improved the central government's control over local troops; The restoration of imperial examination culture abolished by Bo Yan presided over the compilation of official history books of Song, Jin and Liao Dynasties; Prohibit the economy, reduce the burden on farmers, and build the Yellow River Dam. During the four years of losing power and influence, great achievements were made, which was called "losing power and taking off" by later historians. In the face of insurgents emerging from all walks of life, Tuotuo took the initiative to stand up and suppress them. In July of 12th year, he led the Eighth Army, led by Long and Long, and mobilized troops from all over the grassland, and with the cooperation of local troops in southern Henan, went to Xuzhou to suppress the rebels. In September,

There was chaos in the world, and Zhang Shicheng and his salt brother turned against each other. In May of 13th year, Zheng Zhi captured Taizhou and Gaoyou, and quickly established the Zhou regime, which was known in history. The Zhang Shicheng Uprising disrupted the overall deployment and planning of the Yuan Army. Tuotuo attaches great importance to this. One is to send Huainan Pingzhang officials to stick to Muyou Gaoyou, which was defeated by Zhang Shicheng. In a fit of pique, he decided to clean the sheets himself. 14 June, 1 1, he surrounded Xiao Gaoyou with nearly one million troops. The Yuan Army was vomited by everyone, and Gaoyou Army was afraid to be flooded. But Zhang Shicheng and his bootlegger persisted for three months. It's only a matter of time before the city is breached. Zhang Can only wants a miracle. The miracle happened when Zhang Shicheng was almost desperate, because Yuan Jun's boss was fired by Yuan Ting. There is a simple reason. I took a million troops to fight a small Gaoyou, and it took the Mongols three months to be shot down. This is a shame. After receiving the letter of dismissal, he was speechless. He didn't. I don't hate his boss, Shun Di. His dismissal was a necessary step for the princes of the Yuan Empire to seize class and power. Few owners of imperial ships really care about the ship's loopholes. Tuotuo ended his last effort for the Yuan Empire, was dismissed and exiled to Yunnan, and was later ordered by the prince to commit suicide. After class, the successor can no longer lead this million-strong army. Zhang Shicheng fought back and the Yuan army dispersed. After the Battle of Gaoyou, the Yuan Empire was unable to organize a large-scale attack on the rebels and concentrated more on internal power struggle. The Mongols' trip to the Central Plains began to count down. The fate of the characters goes to Zhang Shicheng: After Gaoyou's victory, Zhang Shicheng developed into the most powerful peasant uprising force at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and successively conquered a large number of rich areas in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. However, after the contest with Zhang, Zhu and Chen, Zhang Shicheng showed the meanness and narrowness of a bootlegger. 1367, Zhu Yuanzhang surrounded Pingjiang where Zhang Shicheng lived. After Pingjiang City was breached, Zhang Shicheng was captured and then taken to Jinling to be hanged. Zhu Yuanzhang: Just as Zhang Shicheng and Tuotuo were fighting in Gaoyou, a beggar named Zhu Chongba also set up his own team in Chuzhou, captured Hezhou and made the rebellion flourish. Under the persuasion of Liu Ji, Zhu Yuanzhang quietly adopted the strategy of building high walls, storing a large amount of grain and slowly becoming king, which made other peasant insurgents suffer more artillery fire from the Yuan Empire, accumulated wealth and became the final winner. War conjecture: If Tuotuo is given a little more time, can Tuotuo turn decay into magic and complete the redemption of the Yuan Empire? The answer is no, the peasant uprising at the end of Yuan Dynasty showed a very strange feature after Gaoyou War. Mongols beat Mongols, and Han people beat Han people. The Mongols were finally expelled from the Central Plains, on the one hand, because of the resistance of the oppressed Han nationality and other nationalities, on the other hand, because of their disunity, infighting and class desertion in Gaoyou War. This is a good proof.