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Qianshan County Tianzhu Mountain (formerly Nanyue), Huangshan Scenic Area, Jiuhuashan Scenic Area, Huizhou Ancient Buildings. Shuyuan Academy, located at the southern foot of Huangshan Mountain, is similar to Sichuan Basin in environment and landform. The Golden Belt River, which originated in Jinling, runs through the village. The stream is shallow and has a long history. The ancients migrated here, so they were named after the academy. The academy has a beautiful environment and its valley is famous. Also known as the Small Peach Blossom Garden Thousand Mouth House Museum. The former residence museum of Gankou is located at the foot of Xia Zi, the first peak in Huangshan Mountain. It is the main road for Nanjing, Jiangxi, Shanghai and Hangzhou to enter Huangshan Mountain. It is surrounded by mountains and waters and has an elegant environment. 1988 1 month was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit, and 1993 1 month was rated as "National Excellent Museum" by National Cultural Heritage Administration. 4A Scenic Area: Chengkan, the oldest and most mysterious gossip village in southern Anhui.

(22 national key protected cultural relics)

Chengkan theme:

The natural landscape symphony garden is a typical ancient geomantic water conservancy.

Grand View Garden of Ming Dynasty Architecture in Cui Hui Cultural Village, Cai Ying.

Historical and cultural values and characteristics:

The pleasure of pastoral landscapes based on mountains and with water as the soul.

Eight scenic spots in Chengkan:

● Yongxing Ganquan, zhu cun Xiao, Ling Jin Dengxian, Wanfeng Ningcui, Carp Pond Like Fish, Mr. Daoyuan, Tiandu Xue Ji and Mountain Temple Xiao Zhong.

Village landscape:

● The landscape of Chengkan is very rich. There are ninety-nine lanes in three streets and two towns, hidden in bamboo forests, strolling the streets, with one scene and one scene, unchanged scenery, picturesque and confusing, and many landscape changes, generally including: street landscape, landscape field landscape and architectural landscape.

Cultural relics and historical sites, Ming Dynasty architecture:

● Folk houses in Ming and Qing Dynasties, with superb skills, profound knowledge and world treasures; Eight three-story houses are rare in the world.

● Folk Forbidden City, the first holy place in China-Shu Dong Temple in Zhen Jing.

Three Saints Temple, the earliest female temple in China, has a history of more than 500 years.

● Two Song Dynasty buildings: one is the ancient local social altar-Changchun Dashe, and the other is the mystery of Song Dynasty architecture-falling back to Taifu (commonly known as the tiger cave).

The main contents of Chengkan ancient village are:

● Perfect feng shui environment, surrounded by mountains and water, five-star arch, negative yin holding yang (site selection)

The carefully thought-out and planned texture of the village streets and lanes in Sanjie 99 Lane, as well as the layout of left ancestors and right houses based on "ritual system" and "Neo-Confucianism", have become a great miracle in the history of Chinese ancient village construction.

● A scientific, reasonable and practical water conservancy system ("Qianhe, ZhongTun and Hougou") with geomantic omen as its external expression and its facilities. (Planning and Construction Mode)

● The first osmanthus in Jiangnan: the Millennium osmanthus tree

● Witness to the history of the ancient village: Lv Jiajing (built in the Han Dynasty 200 years ago)

Surrounded by mountains on three sides and water on three sides.

At the foot of the beautiful Huangshan Mountain, there is a quaint and mysterious thousand-year-old village in ancient Huizhou-Chengkan. As early as the Song Dynasty, Neo-Neo-Confucianism scholar Zhu praised it as "the first village in the south of the Yangtze River, Chengkan and Shuangxianli", and in modern times it was called "China gossip classic and Huizhou geomantic treasure" by experts at home and abroad. It is a famous "hometown of national treasures" in China. The beautiful natural scenery here and the splendid Huizhou culture are perfectly integrated, which is amazing and fascinating. Chengkan, formerly known as "Longxi", was built in the Three Kingdoms period of the Eastern Han Dynasty and has a history of 1700 years. Located in the upper reaches of Xin 'an River in southern Anhui, between Huangshan and Baishan Mountains, surrounded by mountains, with a basin of 1 km2 in the middle. During the Huang Chao Rebellion in the late Tang Dynasty, the Roche brothers in Zhang Yu (Jiangxi and Nanchang) "worshiped Huangshan Mountain and avoided traveling". The two brothers, Wen Changgong and Qiu Yingong, the grandfathers of the Luo family, who are recorded in historical records, are familiar with the theory of Feng Shui. Seeing that everything here is harmonious and Feng Shui is good, they asked Mr. Feng Shui, then known as the "Buddhist", to choose longxi village, four miles west, to settle down and change his name to Chengkan. "Cover the ground and expose it as (Yang), and hollow it as (Yin)".

Chengkan Ancient Village: "The mountains are interlaced; The water is clear; Human feelings are enormous; Strict ethics; There are fields to cultivate; There is water for fishing; Vein ancestor Huangshan; The five-star archway can open a home that will never move; Therefore, it has been recognized in ancient times that this is an ideal living environment, so I moved my home here and chose to build a room and live in it. " Chengkan is surrounded by high mountains, which is conducive to avoiding southeast hurricanes in summer and northwest cold winds and bad weather in winter, and is also conducive to fire prevention and disaster prevention. Looking at the village from a height, Chengkan is surrounded by eight hills, and the mountains seem to be connected, which looks like eight directions of gossip. They are the east: Lingshan Mountain and Fengshan Mountain; West: Longshan and Liwangshan; South: Guanyin Mountain, Maanshan; North: Eight peaks, such as Geshan Mountain and Changchun Mountain, are irregularly distributed around, but there are terraces between the mountains, and the ground becomes a bagua (=-=) cantaloupe, that is, the outer bagua. The whole Chengkan village is in the middle of a basin with eight mountains and one river. "Roche genealogy" records; Yu zhang (now Nanchang) Berlin Roche Brothers "Tian Zhi (No.Qiu Yin) and Naive (No. Wenchang) moved to Jigong Mountain in Jinling, Chengkan at the end of the Tang Dynasty. According to legend, Chengkan is "long"

"Spring Mountain" has the site of an alchemy platform, where the Buddha made an alchemy. Tian Zhihe's naive dugong knows the way of integrity, inspects the land and is surrounded by mountains. Abundant mountains are beautiful, and they will prosper when they know it. Because the sunshine of Lingjin Mountain in Chengkan is too strong. (The local ancients said, "I don't know anything about yin and yang in the world. I only watch ghost lights in Lingshan in the middle of the night. Now you can see "ghost fire" at the foot of the mountain from June to September every year, which leads to imbalance between Yin and Yang. The Roche brothers, who are familiar with geomantic geography, diverted the Zhongchuan River to the front of the mountain, dug a river to build a dam, and made the Zhongchuan River pass through the village from north to south like a soaring dragon, forming a ∽-shaped shape, forming the black-and-white dividing line between yin and yang fish in Chengkan Bagua Taiji diagram. Then take the word "Kan" in the Eight Diagrams, that is, the word "Kan" in the "Water Gua" to name the village, and use "water" instead of "fire" to make the whole Chengkan village harmonious. According to the eight diagrams geomantic theory of the Book of Changes, "Yin" (Kan), "Yang" (Xian), the unity of two qi and the unity of heaven and man, the whole village skillfully uses the landscape situation to form two deep streets and ninety-nine lanes, just like a maze. There are "Longshan Temple" and "Guandi Temple" in the north and south of the village respectively, so there are "Taoist temples" and "Taoist temples". And use the geomantic theory of Zuozu Temple and Youshe House to build the village. According to local folklore, the gossip fish always embrace each other, chase each other and never part. It is also because: the eyes of Yin and Yang fish can see a person's past practice, as well as a person's future happiness and misfortune, which is very mysterious. Because of this, Chengkan can become an excellent "geomantic treasure" in Huizhou, which is a great miracle of China.

Chengkan is a mysterious ancient village that combines natural gossip and humanistic gossip skillfully and perfectly, and always keeps harmony between man and nature. Success has left an eternal mystery for the history of rural construction in Huizhou and even in China. Chengkan Village has also become the first village of geomantic gossip in China. In Chengkan Village, the layout is built in the style of Jiugong Bagua. The overall layout is centered on the Zhongchuan River in the village, which looks like a fish map of Taiji Yin and Yang. Houses are arranged radially, and eight streets and lanes extend outward, dividing the village into eight pieces. The streets and alleys in the village seem to be interlinked, connected and mysterious. The arrangement of the Eight Diagrams Array is unpredictable, mysterious, endless and of great significance. It constitutes a large-scale ancient architectural complex, carved with beams and painted with buildings, simple and elegant, diverse in style and beautiful, which can be called a miracle in the history of ancient architecture in China.

Chengkan rose in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the middle of Song Dynasty, Luo Yuan, the father of Luo Yuan, was the eighth ancestor of Luo Yuan. He is an official of the official department and a scholar of Longtuge. His sons are many officials. Luo 10' s ancestor is that there are many literati and businessmen among his descendants. During the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty, Chengkan built a large-scale Luo Qian ancestral temple-Wenchang ancestral temple and Houluo ancestral temple-literature ancestral temple. The Zhongchuan River was completely restored, and the dam was built to make the river flow from west to south to Guanyin Shanzui, then to the foot of Longpan Mountain to the Guanyin Shanzui, and then to the foot of Longpan Mountain to the Fengle River. A water hole was also opened by using the ancient river channel. Coupled with the existing back ditch (that is, the small flow of water flowing along the back street in the north of the village) and wells all over the village, the water consumption pattern and fire water system of the whole village surrounded by persimmon pit, Zhongchuan River and Qianhe River, Zhongkeng, back ditch and wells are formed. This move not only expanded the construction land in Hexi, beautified the microclimate and living environment in Hexi, but also provided Hexi with water for production, life and fire fighting with a long history. The two water tunnels also have many functions, such as drainage, flood discharge and irrigation, which provide cheap electricity for the water pheasant (grain processing workshop) in the south of the village. They are called ancient tap water. Water is the source of life and flowing music, and the ancient village is more aura because of water. Luo Qian made full use of Shuizhen when crossing the street. When Qi Long crossed Wenchang Temple and Yishan Temple, pools were built on both sides of the passage for drinking, raising fish and watching, and the courtyard in front of the main hall was more vibrant. In case of fire, the pool can also provide sufficient fire water. Water town can be said to be a creation and development of Huizhou sages' flexible application in hometown construction. The layout of Chengkan Water Town is a big mystery at present, and no one can solve it. Future generations will discover and solve this eternal mystery.

The overall planning and layout of Chengkan Village is like a maze, with two towns, three streets and ninety-nine lanes. This long street runs through the whole village from north to south. It is a traffic artery, generally ranging from 2 meters to 2.5 meters wide, and the short lane runs east-west, with a width of about 1 meter, also known as one-person lane. The long lane runs through the east and west, and its width varies from 1 m to 1.5 m, also called cross street. The houses of Huizhou merchants are mostly east-west, that is, the main entrance is opened on both sides of the street, and the bridge can be stopped at the door. A side door, back door or alley facing north or south. Alleys are usually the main passage for women and servants to enter and leave the mansion. Crossroads and alleys are naturally interspersed between long streets, cutting ancient villages into plots of different sizes and opening up fire zones of different sizes. When a fire breaks out, the streets and lanes in the high wall become fire barriers and safe passages for residents to escape from the fire. Therefore, these crosswalks, short lanes and one-person lanes also have a very professional name "fire lane". It turns out that the "inner lane" of the twenty-four patios and thirty-six patios in Huizhou also has this function. Not only that, there are more intersections and buildings in the village. At present, three places have been preserved and become one of the few beautiful scenic spots in Huizhou. Generally speaking, the more buildings have the function of dividing space, increasing the level of streets and lanes, avoiding taking in everything in a glance and enriching the landscape of streets and lanes. The more important functions are ringing the bell (playing the role of bell tower), lighting (playing the role of street lamp), guiding the way (playing the role of road monument), enjoying the cool and relaxing (playing the role of road pavilion), especially anti-theft and fire prevention. In the old society, every night watchman had fire-fighting equipment such as gongs, water guns, hoses and water baskets. When something happened, an alarm sounded, and a night watchman rang, and the whole village rang together. If it's a thief, close all the garden doors in the street and let the dog out, and you can catch the thief. In case of fire, villagers will automatically go to the next floor to cancel their defense equipment or rush to the fire with buckets and basins to put out the fire.

There are many famous prefaces in Cheng Kan's Roche genealogy. Among them are Luo Yuan's Preface, Zhang Xu's Preface in Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yunming's Preface and Su Shi's Preface, among which the most precious is the Preface of Roche's Genealogy written by Zhu, a philosopher in Song Dynasty. "Light and Knowledge" and so on, unique, China is a must. As Luo Yuan's father "Luo Ruzhen" praised: "The instrument of honesty (treasure) is also"! Zhu's most beautiful philosophical article "You Zhi", "This is a sage with a heart", was buried in the Five Dynasties for more than 800 years. Zhu's Preface and Enlightenment are equally valuable, because he clarified Zhu's ancestral dispute with iron facts. In the past, Hu Shi believed that Zhu was originally from Tunxi Huangdun. It is an indisputable fact that Wuyuan people say that Zhu's native place is Wuyuan. However, many people in Fujian say that Zhu's native place is Wuyishan District, Fujian Province. In short, they feel it is an honor to bring him to his hometown. As there are so many graves of Guan Fuzi in A Dream of Red Mansions, where is Zhu's ancestral home? Judging from the cordial conversation between Zhu and Luo Yuan, Zhu's ancestral home is, of course, "Chengkan Zhu Village" in Huizhou. Because this is the hard factual basis that Zhu personally said and wrote. But first, we must clarify a key concept here-Zhu's ancestral home is not his father, but his "predecessor". Chengkan Zhu Village is the ancestral home of Zhu, a Neo-Confucianism scholar in Song Dynasty, which is beyond reproach. Therefore, Huizhou became the birthplace of Neo-Confucianism in China. Since the Tang Dynasty, the Luo family has been prosperous and talented, and has become a famous family in Huizhou and one of the eight surnames in Huizhou. A large number of hermits, giants, poets, historians, Mohists, doctors, educators, militarists and naturalists have emerged. According to the records of Xin 'an County, there were more than 1 100 people in Chengkan in Ming Dynasty. Among them, Luo Ruzhen, the official minister of the Song Dynasty, was the presiding officer of Yue Fei's case, and officials could learn from him how to be an official. Luo Yuan, the author of Xin 'an Annals, the first local chronicle in Anhui Province; Luo Xiaohua, Master of Huimo in Ming Dynasty; This Luo Xiaohua is also a counselor and counselor who raped Yan Song. He was deeply appreciated by Yan Song and his son, and recognized Luo Xiaohua as his adopted son. Yan Song also inscribed a plaque for the "Longshan Temple" in the village. Later, Yan Song was killed, and their father and son took refuge in Chengkan. Luo Xiaohua hid them on the "Lingshan" and built the "Yan 'an Pavilion". There are many kinds of trees around. The "Ficus" tree planted by Yan Song is now the largest ancient tree in Huizhou, with seven people embracing each other. Yan Song took refuge in the "Lingshan Mountain" in Chengkan, leaving a mysterious mystery for later generations. "Luo Pin", the eight eccentrics in Yangzhou; "Prime Minister Confucianism" Luo; Imperial academy Temple Master and Luo Luo; Sun Yat-sen's Japanese secretaries, Luo Yongfu, etc. At the same time, with the rise of Huizhou merchants, Roche merchants spread all over the country. These officials and businessmen returned to their hometowns, settled down in Gai Lou, built temples and set up cooperatives, so Chengkan Village prospered and became a good source of ancient Huizhou culture, forming a very special Huizhou cultural village. Chengkan is a unique and best-preserved ancient village in Ming Dynasty in China. Up to now, ancient buildings with high historical research value that shocked the world in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties have been preserved. Chengkan has a population of more than 2,800 people and more than 700 households, but 75% of them are still surnamed Luo. They still live in the same family, living together and handed down from generation to generation. It is a typical Huizhou ancient village, with 2 buildings in Song Dynasty, 2 buildings in Yuan Dynasty, 23 buildings in Ming Dynasty and over 30 buildings in Qing Dynasty/kloc-0. Chengkan is one of the most concentrated, distinctive and ornamental villages in southern Anhui. Due to traffic congestion in history, Chengkan has rarely suffered from war since ancient times. Therefore, there are many ancient dwellings here, such as ancient dwellings, ancient ancestral halls, ancient bridges, ancient houses engraved with ancient emblems (bricks, wood and stones), ancient pavilions, ancient terraces, ancient pavilions, ancient wells and ancient cultural sites. There are many historical sites. Up to now, an ancient building with special representative significance has been preserved: the first temple in China, "Luodong Shucibao Lunge", is a great miracle in China and is world-famous. The unique "Changchun Society" in South Anhui and Song Dynasty is called "Swallow Wing Hall". There are also eight "three-story buildings" in the Ming Dynasty, the tallest building in ancient China. Huanxiu Bridge and Longxing Bridge in the Yuan Dynasty are the oldest contemporary bridges. The classic building "Tiger Cave" in Song Dynasty and the thousand-year-old osmanthus tree "Jingui" regarded as sacred trees by the people are known as "the first osmanthus in the south of the Yangtze River", and the thousand-year-old banyan tree at the entrance of the village has become a great spectacle in Chengkan. Descendants of Roche still retain Zhu's Preface to Roche Genealogy and Su Shi's Ode to Preface. Among them, Chengkan ancient monument is a symbol of the glory and nobility of generations of families. From the Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, there are more than 50 well-preserved ancient plaques of historical celebrities, also known as "a must in China". The oldest existing wooden plaque in China, "Dasicheng" in Song Dynasty, is the oldest existing ancient plaque in China. It was inscribed by Meng Li, a senior official of Yuan Dynasty, in 13 1 1 as a drink offering to Luo Qi, which has a history of 700 years. Another ancient plaque, Allen Xuyou, is 6 meters long and 2.5 meters wide. Known as "the king of plaques" and "the first plaque in the world" in the history of China. This is the largest existing wooden plaque in China, inscribed by Dong Qichang, a great painter and calligrapher in Ming Dynasty. At present, the ancient plaques preserved in the village are all from the hands of celebrities in previous dynasties, inscribed by the names of Chengkan in previous dynasties. It fully shows that Chengkan talents come forth in large numbers. Such a prosperous ancient village is naturally visited by literati. Celebrities such as Zhu, Su Shi, Ouyang Xiu, Dong Qichang, Lin Zexu and Tao Xingzhi all left footprints in Chengkan. Chengkan was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit twice in 1996 and 200 1, and was called "one village, two national treasures, and the first village in the south of the Yangtze River". There are 22 national key cultural relics in Chengkan village, which shocked the world. Chengkan naturally enjoys the reputation of "the hometown of national treasures". Most of the houses on the street here are prominent official houses and extremely rich Huizhou merchants' houses. Chengkan Bagua Village is known as China National Treasure, China Architectural Art Museum and China Ancient Fire Protection Museum. Most of these houses have strong China traditional cultural characteristics, and their ingenious layout, ingenious structure, exquisite decoration and exquisite construction reflect the essence of China traditional culture. These buildings can make visitors feel the extremely rich cultural connotation contained in them. Look at the houses of Huizhou merchants and learn to do business; Appreciate the official mansion and learn the way to be an official; Chengkan is a must-see place in your life. Mr. Liu Haisu, a master of Chinese painting in China, came to Huangshan at the first stop, and wrote "If you climb Huangshan, you must go to Chengkan". Make Chengkan a "must-visit place in life" and a holy land of geomantic omen in Huizhou. & lt/TR & gt； & lt/TBODY & gt； & lt/TABLE & gt；