What's the common sense about Fujian Province?

Fujian for short. Fujian Province is located in the southeast coast of Chinese mainland, bordering the Taiwan Province Strait in the east and facing Taiwan Province Province across the sea. It is an important gateway to China. The land area of the whole territory is 1.2 1.4 million square kilometers, most of which are mountainous and hilly. The sea-land line is tortuous. There are many islands. It belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate. The main rivers are Minjiang River and Jiulong River.

Many ethnic minorities in Fujian have retained their unique national culture and folk customs, including Minnan dialect, Fuzhou dialect and Hakka dialect. Fujian is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese and the ancestral home of Taiwan Province compatriots. There are more than 8 million overseas Chinese, and 80% of Taiwan Province compatriots are from Fujian.

Geographical survey

Fujian Province is located in the southeast coast of Chinese mainland, with mountainous peaks. Valley basins alternate with each other, and mountains and hills account for more than 80% of the total area of the province. The terrain generally descends from northwest to southeast, and the cross section is slightly saddle-shaped. There are two mountain areas in the west and middle, which run through the whole province obliquely: Xilie is a mountain area in western Fujian with Wuyishan as the main body; Zhonglie is a mountain system in central Fujian, which consists of Jiufeng Mountain, Daiyun Mountain and Bopingling Mountain. The two mountains are separated by a valley and a basin. Commonly known as Fujian Zhongda Valley. The eastern coast is hilly, terrace and plain. The total length of the province's land coastline is more than 3000 kilometers. The coastline is jagged and very tortuous, ranking first among the coastal provinces in China. The main rivers are Minjiang River, Jiulong River, Tingjiang River (the upper source of Hanjiang River in Guangdong) and Jinjiang River.

Climatic characteristics

Fujian province has a subtropical maritime monsoon climate. The annual average temperature is 17~2 1℃, the highest in Leng Yue is 6~ 13℃, and the annual precipitation is 1 100~2000 mm, which is more inland than coastal, and more mountainous than plain. Due to the influence of topography, the distribution of precipitation is two low and two high from east to west. The main meteorological disasters in Fujian are drought, flood, wind, cold and hail.

natural resource

Fujian province is rich in natural resources. Among them, pyrophyllite, quartz sand, construction sand, kaolin, fluorite, granite and other six mineral resources rank among the top in China. Fujian is located in the subtropical climate zone, with good water conditions and abundant animal and plant resources. Rare tree species include Taxus chinensis, Cephalotaxus fortunei, thick shell and so on. There are also red-faced monkeys, Sumen antelope, civets, porcupines, pangolins and other wild animals.

transport

At present, there are many railways and highways in Fujian Province, such as yingtan-Xiamen (Gate) and Nanping-Fuzhou-Zhangzhou-Longyan. More than 90% of towns and villages are connected by cars, forming a developed transportation network. In addition, the civil aviation routes from Fuzhou to Hangzhou, Shanghai and Guangzhou are busy. Railway transportation has also developed greatly in the local area.

General situation of economy

Fujian province has made full use of local resources, formed an economic framework with light industry, handicraft industry, processing industry and agriculture as the mainstay, and its economy has developed rapidly. Leap to the forefront of China. Cash crops mainly include sugarcane, peanuts, rape, kenaf, flue-cured tobacco and tea. Tea planting has a long history, and Wuyi rock tea, oolong tea and jasmine tea are all treasures that sell well in domestic and foreign markets. Fujian Province is a national timber and bamboo production base. Fujian's heavy industries are mainly distributed in inland counties and cities, and light industries such as sugar, tea, canned food, paper making and plastics developed by using agricultural, fishery, forestry and mineral resources are leading the country.

Cultural practices

Fujian is the birthplace of ancient Yue culture. After the Jin and Tang Dynasties, the Central Plains culture and Jingchu culture were introduced into Fujian, and gradually formed a unique Fujian culture. Among them, the most representative is Hui 'an daughter. Besides. Fujian has a developed religious belief, which not only worships complicated gods, but also can serve as the object of worship according to needs. It profoundly affects all aspects of Fujian folk customs.

Capital: Fuzhou

Fuzhou is located on the valley plain in the lower reaches of Minjiang River in the southeast coast. East of the Sea is an ancient city along the southeast coast of China and an ancient foreign trade port. Known as the southeast metropolis, blessed land. Fuzhou has a history of more than 2200 years. There are many places of interest in Fuzhou, such as Hualin Temple, a wooden structure built 65,438+0,000 years ago, Wang Dezheng Monument, one of the four world famous monuments, and Cliff Stone Carvings written by Li, a famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty, which are regarded as treasures of calligraphy. In addition, there are Chongfu Temple, Qigong Temple, Kaiyuan Temple, Lin Zexu's Tomb and mawei shipyard Site. Fujian Opera and Fuzhou Pinghua in Fuzhou culture are colorful and fascinating. Fuzhou's traditional craft products, such as bodiless lacquerware, Shoushan stone carving, jade carving, ivory carving, wood carving and lacquer painting, are all very distinctive.

Famous historical and cultural city: Quanzhou

Quanzhou is located in the southeast of the province. The north bank of the lower reaches of Jinjiang River. South of Taiwan Province Strait, also known as Licheng and Erythrina City. Area 1 1245 square kilometers. It belongs to subtropical humid climate. There are many national key cultural relics protection units in the territory, including Zheng Chenggong's tomb, Tianhou Palace, Kaiyuan Temple, cliff stone carvings and other rich tourism resources. It is also a famous hometown of overseas Chinese and the ancestral home of Taiwan Province compatriots.

Xiamen

Xiamen is located on the southeast coast of Fujian Province. Area 1569 km2, with jurisdiction over 6 districts. Xiamen was originally an island. When the yingtan-Xiamen Railway 1957 was opened to traffic, it was integrated with the mainland. Xiamen belongs to subtropical humid climate zone. The main enterprises in the city involve electronics, machinery, chemistry, food, textiles, building materials, instruments and meters, leather and other industries. Agriculture mainly produces rice, peanuts, sugar cane and so on. , and rich in longan. Yingtan-Xiamen Railway runs through the west, including Xiamen Port, Liuwudian Port and Gao Qi International Airport.

Gulangyu/Gulangyu

There is a beautiful island in the sea to the west of Xiamen, which is covered with shade and full of flowers. It looks like a park everywhere. Everything is wonderful. The Guxia Strait is called Lujiang River. Gulangyu Island has beautiful scenery. Known as the sea garden, the World Architecture Expo, the hometown of music and the piano island. Gulangyu has four seasons like spring, a pleasant climate, mountains and seas embracing each other, and it is natural. Sunlight Rock, Xinzhuang Garden, Hao Yue Garden and Yuyuan Garden are even more scenic spots on the island.

Hakka stone architecture

Tulou is a collective house built with soil as the wall. Its shapes are round, semi-circular, oval, square, quadrangle, pentagon, chair, dustpan and so on. , each with its own characteristics. Among them, circular buildings are the most famous. The most striking tulou is located in the Hakka areas in western Fujian and southern Fujian. It is a traditional Hakka residential building, which embodies the folk custom of living in compact communities. The biggest feature of tulou is its large shape, which belongs to a collective residential area. The big house has two or three circles. Interlock. Tulou has advantages that ordinary houses do not have. Because the earth building wall is thick, it is not easy to collapse, and it can be earthquake-proof, moisture-proof and anti-theft. It can also play the role of heat preservation, which is warm in winter and cool in summer. Tulou is considered as a unique mythical mountain building in the world.

Linzexu Memorial Temple

Lin Zexu Memorial Hall covers an area of about 3,000 square meters. The entrance of the shrine faces east, and the first one is the screen wall. The doors and walls on both sides are engraved with "Zhongxing Zhou Zong" and "Zuohai Great Man" respectively. The second way is the arched wall. There is a banner "Lin Wenzhong Gong Temple" on the door. The entrance of the instrument hall is a rockery garden with an imperial tablet pavilion in the middle. There are three molded green slates in the pavilion. One is the imperial edict, the other is the imperial edict, and the other is the imperial edict. On the north side of the pavilion, there is a shrine hall dedicated to the statue of Lin Zexu, and a plaque inscribed by Daoguang is hung on the lintel. There is a row of curved-foot-shaped double-story buildings behind the pavilion, and three rooms in the west building are places where family children study, and there are "abundant wells" inside. Now it has been turned into a memorial hall for Lin Zexu, exhibiting Lin Zexu's life achievements.

Mazu culture

According to legend, Mazu's name is Lin Moniang. She used her special functions to treat people, predict the weather changes, and let fishermen avoid the dangers brought by typhoons and turn the corner. People are very grateful to her and worship her as a goddess and dragon girl. Mazu belief is an important part of Fujian culture and folk customs. Maureen Niang's miracle spread in all directions. People affectionately called her Mazu, and rulers of past dynasties praised her many times, from his wife to the princess, Tian Fei and Tianhou. Until the virgin Mary in the sky, Mazu worship further developed. In Mazu Tempel, Mazu is usually the front hall. Guanyin in the back hall. That is, there is a courtyard behind the main hall dedicated to Mazu, followed by the Guanyin Hall dedicated to Guanyin Bodhisattva and eighteen arhats.

taimu mountains

The whole scenic spot of Taimu Mountain covers an area of 92 square kilometers and is divided into five scenic spots, namely Taimu Mountain Yue, Qingchuan Waterfront, Jiulixi Waterfall, Fuyao Islands and Sangyuan Cuihu, and two independent scenic spots, namely ruiyun temple and Leng Castle. In addition, there are steep peaks, strange caves, strange rocks, steep waterfalls, beautiful streams and many other natural landscapes. And rich cultural landscapes such as ancient temples and inscriptions. Every year on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, there will be a song meeting here, where tens of thousands of people gather, and there will be activities such as singing and jumping on the fire.

the Minjiang River

Minjiang River is the largest river in Fujian Province. Originated in Wuyi Mountain. The total length is 577 kilometers, and the basin spans 35 counties and cities. The topography of the Minjiang River basin has a wave-like decline from northwest to southeast, and the upstream and downstream valley shapes and basin areas have obviously reversed. Above Nanping, there are three tributaries, Jianxi, Futunxi and Shaxi, which are arranged in a T-shape. Below Nanping, the middle reaches are Anren Xikou. The larger tributaries in this section are Gutian River and Youxi River, and the lower reaches are below Anren River mouth. The largest tributary of this section is Dazhangxi, which flows into Wulong River at the south mouth of Minjiang River in Fuzhou Basin. Minjiang River is rich in runoff. The middle and upper reaches of Minjiang River system are rich in water resources, but Minjiang River is a mountainous river with many rapids, narrow navigation slots, small bending radius and low navigation capacity. Agricultural production in Quanzhou Plain downstream is developed.