Control of main diseases and insect pests of peach trees

Control of main diseases and insect pests of peach trees in spring;

/kloc-Before peach trees germinate in early October and March, spray Bubomei 5-degree sulfur mixture or 45% crystal sulfur mixture 50 times to eliminate pests such as overwintering aphids and mulberry inchworm, as well as the primary infection sources of brown rot, perforation and scab.

2. Spraying 2000 times of 50% phoxim, 4000 times of 2 1% chlorpyrifos or 3000 times of kloc-0/%imidacloprid on peach aphids before flowering. The control effect of 50% pirimicarb 3000 times solution is better, and the insecticidal effect of pirimicarb is related to temperature. When the temperature is above 20℃, the insecticidal effect is obvious and it is safe for natural enemies of aphids such as ladybugs and grass ridges.

3. After the peach buds germinated, the geometrid began to swell, and it was sprayed with 0.5-degree sulfur mixed solution of Bubomei, 80% dichlorvos 1500 times solution or 50% phoxim 1000 times solution for control.

In April and early April, at the peak of incubation period of 1 generation eggs, 50% trichlorfon 1000 times, 50% phoxim 1000 times or 2.5% fentanyl 3000 times were sprayed. ?

5. Before the peach blossoms open, spray 50% chlorpheniramine 1000 times solution or 50% prochloraz 1000 times solution to prevent gummosis. Spraying 65% zineb 1000 times solution or 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times solution at the initial flowering stage to control peach brown rot.

6. Spraying 1500 times of 25% young-keeping fungicide to control leaf miner and leaf roller after peach blossom; Spraying 10% imidacloprid 2000 times solution to control aphids. Capturing scarabs artificially in flowering period. Shake the tree in the morning, bury it in the soil and destroy it.

Extended data:

Pruning peach trees in summer;

Pruning peach trees in summer can assist in shaping, inhibit excessive growth of new shoots, reduce nutrient consumption, improve ventilation and light transmission of crown, promote flower bud differentiation, improve fruit quality and increase yield. Pruning in summer is usually 3 ~ 5 times a year, mainly in May ~ August.

Bud-smearing peach trees can be carried out after germination, and dense buds, back buds and improperly positioned buds can be wiped off. When the new buds grow to 5 ~ 6 cm, erase the useless buds. Leave a large angle at both ends and a small erasing angle. The sprouting strips and clustered new buds at the base of main branches 15 cm should also be erased in time.

Pruning peach itself has a large number of secondary branches, which is more likely to lead to excessive secondary branches and closed crown. Therefore, in addition to pruning young trees, it is necessary to prune the extension branches of main branches and lateral branches, and pruning peach trees in summer generally does not advocate new shoots.

Twisted tip When the vertical tip is 25 ~ 30cm long and semi-lignified, hold the base of the new tip 5 ~10cm by hand and twist it 180 degrees to make it tilt or droop. Tip twisting is usually carried out in May ~ June. If there are long branches at the winding place, you can wind them again.

In addition to being selected as an extension branch and its secondary branches, the competing branches of other extension branches, the back branches of backbone branches, the long branches of lumen branches, and the flourishing branches drawn near big wounds can all be kinked. Twisting branches can control the vigorous growth of branches, relieve the tree potential and transform them into full-bearing branches, which has the dual effects of fruiting and regeneration.

When the new shoots grow to 30 cm, we can judge the quality and properties of branches according to their growth potential, thickness and position, and choose strong branches with suitable positions, as well as sparse competitive branches, clustered branches, weak branches, dense branches, upright branches and drooping branches. After the fruit is harvested, loosen some dense perennial branches, current-year branches and some flourishing branches on the back or periphery.

After pruning, a new shoot can be left on the upper part of the young fruit, and 2 ~ 4 buds can be left on the medium-long fruit branches that have blossomed but not set fruit, so that they can produce fruit branches in the same year.

Before June, if there is space, you can leave the base 1 ~ 2 nodes for ultra-short shearing to cultivate small and medium-sized fruit branches; If there is no space, it should be thinned from the base.

Taking branches, also known as bare branches, is characterized by the overgrowth of the 60 cm side, which changes the growth direction of new shoots, that is, holding the new shoots with four fingers, pressing the thumb up and down, and pushing the four fingers up and down at the same time, gradually moving from the base of the new shoots to the tip, hurting the xylem and hearing the noise without breaking the branches. Branching can alleviate the tendency of branching, which is beneficial to nutrient accumulation and flowering and fruiting, and is generally carried out in July-August.

Pulling and topping branches are the key measures to relieve tree vigor, reshape young trees, bear fruit early and prevent baldness at the lower part of branches. For the main and side branches with small opening angle and inappropriate extension orientation, the opening angle or orientation can be adjusted by supporting, pulling, separating and falling.

The branch pulling angle is generally about 80, and it cannot be pulled into a horizontal or drooping state; For the main and lateral branches with too large opening angle, the branches with branches can be used to jack up and narrow the angle, especially in August.

Peach tree diseases and insect pests:

1, peach bacterial perforation

Peach production areas are all over China, and orchards with poor drainage or rainy years are more harmful. The disease is caused by bacteria, which mainly harms leaves, fruits and new shoots.

Prevention and control methods:

Strengthen the comprehensive management of orchards: it is forbidden to establish peach orchards where the groundwater level is high or low; Apply less nitrogen fertilizer to prevent excessive growth. Reasonable pruning to improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, timely and moderate pruning in summer, cutting off diseased branches and centralized incineration. Do a good job in clearing the garden in winter.

Chemical control: Spraying 4-5 degrees sulfur mixed solution or 1: 1: 100 times Bordeaux solution before germination, and spraying 800 times Cobo solution after flowering. Spraying agricultural streptomycin (10000-20000 times) or zinc ash solution (1 part zinc sulfate, 4 parts lime and 240 parts water) or 600 times 65% zineb wettable powder from May to August.

2. Peach scab

Also known as scab: it mainly harms fruits, but also infringes on new shoots and leaves. Fruit often gets sick in the shoulder.

Prevention and control methods:

The winter scissors completely cut off the diseased tip. Clean up the orchard, reduce the source of the disease, have a reasonable planting density and a suitable tree shape, prevent crown handover, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the orchard, and reduce the humidity of the orchard.

Spraying 80% sodium pentachlorophenol 200 times 3-5 baume sulfur mixture before germination; From half a month after flowering to July, spraying 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800 times or zineb wettable powder 500 times or Fuxing 8000- 10000 times every 5 days is effective for the disease, and the above drugs cannot be used repeatedly.

References:

People's Network-How to Prune Peach Trees in Summer

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-peach