Causes and hazards of smog formation

The cause and harm of haze. Haze is mainly caused by air pollution, and it is a light yellow or black fog. In many areas of China, fog and haze are used as disastrous weather phenomena for early warning and forecasting. What are the causes and hazards of smog?

The cause and harm of smog 1 What is the cause of smog weather?

Fog refers to the weather phenomenon that the visibility is lower than 1 km due to the condensation of suspended water vapor in the atmosphere. The formation of smog is mainly the result of a large number of suspended particles in the air and meteorological conditions. There are three reasons for the formation of haze weather:

1, the phenomenon of increasing static wind in horizontal direction.

2. There is an inversion in the vertical direction.

3. The increase of suspended particles in the air.

With the growth of urban population and industrial development, the number of motor vehicles has soared, and the emissions of pollutants and suspended solids have increased greatly, which directly leads to the decline of visibility. In fact, dust "smog" will also occur in home decoration, and indoor dust is pervasive, which is not only harmful to the health of staff and users, but also increases the cleaning burden. When the dust is serious, it will also bring many hidden dangers to the decoration project.

In addition to meteorological conditions, the increase of atmospheric particulate matter (including coarse particulate matter PM 10 and fine particulate matter PM2.5) caused by industrial production, vehicle exhaust emissions and coal burning in winter is an important factor of smog. At present, the level of pollutant discharge in many cities is at a critical point, which is very sensitive to meteorological conditions. When diffusion conditions are good, the air quality can reach the standard, and once adverse weather conditions are encountered, the air quality and visibility will drop rapidly.

Smog weather has an important impact on roads, railways and human health.

Hazards of smog

1, affecting life

Haze weather has an important impact on roads, railways, aviation, shipping, power supply systems and crop growth. Fog and haze will cause air quality decline, affect the ecological environment and bring great harm to human health.

2. Affect traffic

Due to poor air quality and low visibility in foggy days, rear-end collision accidents are prone to occur, which will affect the normal traffic order and have no change in everyone's travel. We should observe the road conditions more during daily driving to avoid danger.

The smog is peaceful. prevent

1, reduce going out

The elderly, children and people susceptible to respiratory diseases with weak resistance should try to reduce going out or outdoor activities, and wear masks to protect their bodies when going out to prevent pollutants from invading the lungs through the nose and mouth. After returning from going out, you should immediately wash your face and expose your skin.

Step 2 close the doors and windows

Because the pollutants in the air are difficult to dissipate in foggy days, doors and windows should be closed in foggy days to avoid outdoor fog entering the room to pollute the indoor air and induce acute respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.

Step 3 pay attention to your diet

Patients with chronic respiratory diseases, especially the elderly, should keep scientific life rules, avoid overwork and drink plenty of water. Pay attention to a light diet, eat less irritating food, eat more tofu, milk and other foods, and supplement vitamin D when necessary.

Causes and harm of smog 2 What is smog?

Haze is mainly caused by air pollution. It is a light yellow or black fog, and it is a polluted mixture, which is mainly formed by tiny particles in the atmosphere and ground ozone. Smog causes difficulty in breathing and has a negative impact on human health.

How is the smog formed?

Smoke is formed by pollutants or gases released when fuel is burned. When sunlight and its heat come into contact with these gases and tiny particles, smoke will be formed. It is purely caused by air pollution. The complex photochemical reaction between volatile organic compounds, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides releases the ground ozone layer and tiny particles into the air. These harmful compounds are pollutants released by the combustion of motor vehicle gasoline and diesel oil, which are directly discharged into the air by factories and various human heating activities.

Smog is often caused by traffic congestion, high temperature, sunshine and no wind. These are also several factors that lead to air pollution. In winter, when the wind speed is low, it is easier to form smog, which increases the degree of air pollution that people breathe on the ground. It not only affects vision, but also damages the environment.

The formation of smog is directly related to temperature. Inversion is a phenomenon that warm air stays near the ground instead of rising. If there is no wind during the inversion period, the smog will stay for many days. Of course, smog will be more serious because of pollution release. This is because the smog produced by pollutants released by traffic congestion through photochemical reactions is the mainstream. Smog not only affects big cities, but also appears in suburbs and rural areas.

The influence of smoke

The harm of smog is obvious. It is harmful to humans, animals and plants. Many deaths are related to bronchial diseases. Severe smog will greatly reduce ultraviolet rays and indirectly lead to a decrease in the secretion of vitamin D, thus becoming one of the reasons why some people suffer from rickets.

When a city or town is shrouded in smog, people will feel it immediately. Smog can cause inflammation of eyes, inflammation of lung tissue, chest tightness and pain. In addition, smog can easily induce diseases such as colds and pneumonia. Long-term exposure to smog can also induce lung diseases, even fatal diseases such as lung cancer.

A small amount of exposure to smoke has the risk of inducing asthma attacks. Therefore, asthma patients should avoid contact with smog. Haze can also lead to premature death and gather to dangerous levels in densely populated areas. The people most affected by smog include the elderly, children and patients with heart and respiratory diseases.

Ground ozone in smog can also inhibit plant growth and cause damage to crops. Crops and vegetables such as soybeans, wheat, potatoes, peanuts and cotton have all been affected by smog. Smog threatens the environment, killing many animals and green life, because they need time to get used to breathing and live in a toxic environment.

In short, smog is a devastating problem, especially when harmful chemicals form smog due to rapid modernization or industrialization. This is why governments all over the world are taking measures to reduce pollution emissions.

Causes and hazards of smog 3. The relative humidity of the ground air is relatively high, and the dust on the ground is relatively large, which is stirred by people and traffic on the ground; Second, there is no obvious cold air activity and the wind is small. Because the air does not flow, the tiny particles in the air gather together and float in the air. The influence of smog on the respiratory system can cause acute rhinitis and acute bronchitis. It has a certain impact on traffic safety and is easy to cause traffic jams and traffic accidents.

With the deterioration of air quality, cloudy days are increasing and the harm is increasing. Recently, many areas in China have incorporated the smog weather phenomenon into the fog as an early warning and forecast of disastrous weather. Collectively referred to as "haze weather".

The influence of smog on the respiratory system can cause acute rhinitis and acute bronchitis. It can also lead to the weakening of ultraviolet rays in the surface layer, enhance the activity of infectious bacteria in the air and increase infectious diseases; It has a certain impact on traffic safety and is easy to cause traffic jams and traffic accidents.

The main cause of smog formation

First, the relative humidity of the air near the ground is relatively high, and the dust on the ground is relatively large, which is agitated by people and traffic on the ground;

Second, there is no obvious cold air activity and the wind is small. Because the air does not flow, tiny particles in the air gather and float in the air;

Thirdly, some cloudy and clear skies are conducive to radiation cooling at night, which makes the air with relatively high humidity near the ground saturated and condensed to form fog.

Fourth, automobile exhaust is the main pollutant emission. In recent years, there are more and more cars in cities, and automobile exhaust is a factor of smog;

Five, secondary pollution produced by the factory;

Six, winter heating emissions of carbon dioxide and other pollutants.