What is the greatest engineering technology in the 20th century by American statistics?

The selection of the greatest technological achievements in the 20th century is the joint venture of American Federation of Technical Organizations, National Engineer Weekly and 29 engineering organizations under the leadership of National Engineering Society. Select the top 20 achievements and rank them in the submitted list of 105 projects. The selection criteria are those achievements that have greatly improved the quality of life in the past 65,438+000 years. Although some achievements, such as telephones and automobiles, were invented successfully in the19th century, their impact on society did not appear until the 20th century, so they are included. Electrification The wide application of electricity in the 20th century has brought light to the world, and provided energy for almost every job and cause in modern society: lighting, heating, air conditioning ... Electrification has led to countless inventions, making life safer, healthier and more convenient, so that it is difficult to imagine life without electricity. Its influence is enormous, touching the vast majority of people on this planet. Car 1900 On average, everyone walks 1200 miles in his life, usually with his feet, usually in his own village or town. Today, the average American adult travels only 65,438+00,000 miles by car every year, and there are 500 million cars in the world. In any case, automobiles have become the main means of transportation for people and goods in the world, and the automobile industry has become a stable source of economic growth. Today, a person can fly from Europe to the United States by Concorde in four hours. The same journey takes 7 days by boat to 1900. Air travel has greatly changed our world, and the extraordinary engineering progress that formed the history of aircraft development is the most dramatic story in the 20th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, water-borne diseases such as typhoid fever and cholera ravaged the world. Dysentery is the most common water-borne disease and the third leading cause of death. The success of water supply system has prolonged life expectancy, reduced infant mortality, greatly improved agricultural productivity and improved the quality of life all over the world. Electrons From vacuum tubes and transistors to microprocessors, electronic devices are getting smaller and smaller, with stronger functions and higher efficiency. The core of the electronic system sweeping the world in the second half of the 20th century is the integrated circuit. Brilliant technologies and inventions are hidden in intangible elements, which make wireless communication, satellite broadcasting, air traffic control system and many other new technologies improve the quality, safety and convenience of modern life. Radio and Television The use of radio and television is a good substitute for social changes in the 20th century, which opens a window to other lives, distant regions of the world and emerging history. Agricultural Mechanization in the United States At the beginning of this century, it took a lot of manpower to grow or harvest a crop for several weeks, and every four farmers supported 65,438+00 people. Today, the grain crops in the whole midwest can be sown in 10 and harvested in 20 days. A farmer can provide food for 97 Americans. The popularization of advanced agricultural technology in the world provides a guarantee for the fight against famine in the new Millennium. In the 20th century, computers changed from big and bulky machines to portable tools and became an important part of every major industry. The real computer revolution lies not in the number of bytes, but in the fact that all people, regardless of their geographical location and political views, can share information and learn from each other. In the 20th century, the telephone has changed from limited use to the core of advanced technology that forms the basis of modern lifestyle. The almost instantaneous connection between friends, family, work and country makes it possible to improve communication in life, industry and economy. Air conditioning and refrigeration With the improvement of air conditioning and refrigeration system, work and entertainment are no longer subject to the weather, and human beings have truly adapted the environment to their own needs. Freeways have opened up our country, enabling goods and services to reach remote places and promoting the development of suburbs. Provide more employment opportunities, medical care, services, education and cultural resources for people everywhere. Spacecraft 1957 and Soviet satellite 1 pierced the atmosphere, shocked the world and started a space race to awaken the most important engineering project in American history. The resulting space program has a great influence on people all over the world. Internet was conceived as a tool to connect universities and government research centers in the 1960s, which allowed various computers to exchange information and share resources through the national network. It is changing cultural patterns, business practices, consumer goods industries and research and education. Its possible future use has just begun to manifest itself. In addition, the greatest technological achievements include imaging technology, household appliances, health technology, petroleum technology, laser and optical fiber, nuclear technology and high-performance materials.

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