It's sunny.

Traditional Festival Customs The traditional festivals that Leping people attach importance to include Spring Festival (still called "Chinese New Year" by the people), Duanyang, Mid-Autumn Festival, and family reunion celebrating the winter solstice, Tomb-Sweeping Day and Lantern Festival. The Spring Festival is the most important traditional festival among the people, and people who go out generally rush back to their hometown to reunite for the New Year. However, there are fewer etiquette and taboos in Chinese New Year. On the second day of the first month, Leping only pays New Year greetings to the deceased who died in the first year, and can't just visit relatives, let alone say "Happy New Year" to the living. This taboo is still maintained and observed by the public. Lantern Festival belongs to the scope of China New Year. Lanterns for the Leping Lantern Festival are rare now. Another feature is that we don't eat Lantern Festival, but only glutinous rice and jiaozi. The trend of ancestor worship in Tomb-Sweeping Day is more and more obvious. Many people living abroad go back to their hometown to worship their ancestors, and a few people living abroad go back to their hometown to worship their ancestors. Dragon Boat Festival is a festival of dragon boat rowing, and the atmosphere of dragon boat rowing is very prosperous. The custom of Mid-Autumn Festival has gradually faded among the people, and even the consumption of moon cakes is less than before. But the gift-giving atmosphere still exists. In winter, in addition to ancestor worship, rural clans also have activities to respect the elderly. On the solstice of winter, most villages hold banquets for the elderly over 60 years old, including those whose surnames live outside the village. Therefore, the winter solstice can be said to be Leping folk festival for the elderly, and it can also be said to be a festival for respecting the elderly. Rural clans also have the custom of composing music for newborns and newlyweds from winter solstice.

Details of Spring Festival:

First, reunion. Whenever the Chinese New Year approaches, the elderly are looking forward to their children going home, and the younger generation is also eager to go home from other places. Whether it is north or south, or inside and outside the Great Wall; People who go to work or go out to work to earn money generally overcome various difficulties and rush back to their hometown for the New Year. Even if people who go out are not well-off at ordinary times, they take home big bags and bulging bags during the New Year. All kinds of vehicles on rural roads carry the joy of going home for the New Year, and the family will be happy, sweet and round. Family members smoke the best agricultural products in rural areas, such as pigs, sheep, rabbits and dogs. Tofu is yellow, grass carp is dried, rice flour is finely ground, rice wine is sweet, steamed bread is white, and peanuts, fruits, melon seeds, oranges, apples and other fruits are prepared. Some farmers also cook some sugar and brew some corn and wine for boys. When going home for reunion, people don't care about the cost. Some people go home from Guangdong by train through several transit stations, some people go home by plane from Beijing, some people drive private cars and rent other people's cars. There are many families in Xiannvping Village, which are distributed in Guangxi, Beijing and other areas, and the elderly also live in other places with their children. In order to reunite with their hometown, they bought more than 40 beds at a time. In fact, after the League Year, these things were temporarily put in their hometown. The complex of Chinese New Year reunion is the deepest for the elderly. Every New Year's Eve, the oldest generation is always counting people. The son arrived, the grandson didn't come back, and the great-grandson wasn't there. For those adults and children who can't go home because adults are on duty or other special circumstances, say it in your mouth from time to time, as if you will not regret it if you say it again.

Second, post Spring Festival couplets. Spring Festival couplets are an ancient custom that Leping attaches great importance to. Generally, Spring Festival couplets are posted on the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, and on New Year's Eve at the latest. Spring Festival couplets are usually posted at every door, including windows, sage and barn. Spring Festival couplets include upper and lower couplets, horizontal criticism, door painting and signature. The door map is attached to the top of the door panel, and the signature is attached to the bottom of the door panel. The Spring Festival couplets here pay great attention to hierarchy and level, and the content of horizontal approval and signature is related to the content of the upper and lower couplets. Otherwise, rural literati will give advice, which will be boring for family members and people who write Spring Festival couplets. The content of Spring Festival couplets is very extensive and free, which is generally created by local literati according to the function of the door and the family situation of the owner. Some are created according to the shape of mountains and rivers, some according to local allusions, some according to seasons, some according to the owner's family, and some even have couplets to celebrate the Spring Festival and the prosperity of the world. For example, "Wan Fu sends Kowloon behind the temple, and three stars in front of it are auspicious" is made by the place name landscape, and "Father, son, father and son, grandmother, daughter-in-law, mother-in-law" is written by two generations of officials and literati in feudal society. There is also "Xue Rui floating in spring and thunder rolling in summer"; "Yuan Chunjing is full of poetry, and the red plum is elegant and picturesque"; "Xiajiang's filial piety, Qu Ziya's loyalty and love come first"; "Neighborhood relatives get together under the same roof and have their own fun" and so on are all created according to seasons and moral customs.

Third, have a reunion dinner. Leping people celebrate the New Year from the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, which is called off-year. Inadvertent Chinese New Year means that family members have a better life and started to create an atmosphere for Chinese New Year. But on this day, it is very cautious to worship the kitchen god and command the bodhisattva. It is necessary to make delicious and fragrant paper fruits to worship Buddha Siming, especially to stick sorghum sugar on his mouth to prevent him from saying that the chef is unclean and bring bad luck; After the worship, we will welcome the return of Siming Bodhisattva with fragrant paper fruit on New Year's Eve. On the morning of New Year's Eve, we usually eat jiaozi and steamed buns, and some eat corn to show the weeds in the farmland in the coming year. Some people also eat pumpkin sauce to avoid family sores in the coming year and so on.

The real reunion dinner is the New Year's Eve dinner. The reunion dinner should have a pig's head and a pig's tail to show that everything has a beginning and an end. On the morning of the 30th, people scorched the pig's head on firewood, cooked it in a cauldron, put on two pairs of chopsticks, moved it into the hall with fragrant paper, and paid homage to the bodhisattvas such as home gods, Shennong, door gods, gods and earth one by one. Then housewives made multiple dishes according to the classification of walnut meat (whole lean meat in pig bones), pig ears and pig tongue, and set chicken, mutton or other hot pots and dishes.

When eating, the first thing is to respect the deceased ancestors and call them ancestors. Ancestor worship is usually presided over by family elders. Fill several bowls of rice and pour several glasses of wine. Generally, there is no wine or rice on the table, and chopsticks can't be counted. Put the small end of chopsticks on your wrist or plate, and the other end on the table. Burn some paper money or mingbi under the table, say the language of praying for ancestors to eat, and bless the whole family to prosper. While offering sacrifices to ancestors, they burned Mingbi (under the table) and set off firecrackers. Then offer tea to our ancestors. Offering tea is to pour tea into a cup and drop some on the ground where wine and rice are placed, saying that it is to invite ancestors to use tea. After the ceremony, the ancestors' wine and rice will be removed and the family will eat at the table. Generally, the oldest person sits opposite the door (pictured above), and other members sit around in the order of generations, and the younger generation can sit in the remaining positions at will.

Generally speaking, drink what you can for the reunion dinner and drink the rest. The main members of the family told everyone to start eating, and took the lead in toasting the oldest, then toasting the elders at home and toasting each other in order of size. When toasting, you should toast four or eight sentences according to the situation, or say something to thank the old man for his cultivation. Old people also give you wine or drinks and say some auspicious words. The toaster made a toast and then drank it to show respect, and then it was drunk by a respected person. If you touch a cup, the toaster's cup must be lower than that of a respected person. After touching, drink the wine in the cup. Toast without drinking equals no toast. After drinking with each other, pour some for each other first, which means adding a piece of good luck, happiness or longevity, or happiness or wealth, and then take some for yourself. Leping people usually drink two glasses to show good luck. People of the same age talk more about drinking. Drinking two cups is a double happiness, drinking three cups is a three-way trip (or a three-way trip), four cups is a four-season prosperity, five cups is a five-child graduation, and six cups is a good luck. Every cup has a statement and a truth. Regardless of the length of the reunion dinner, it usually lasts about three hours. We talk while eating, communicate and exchange feelings, sum up the past and plan the future. After dinner, a part of the food in the reunion dinner will be collected for the fifteenth day of the Lantern Festival to show that new food will be more than old food every year.

Fourth, keep your age. Su Shi, a great poet, wrote a famous sentence "Shousui": "There will be no year next year, and it will be a waste; Do your best tonight, and the teenager can boast! " Every year in Lepingli begins with a reunion dinner. This meal should be eaten slowly, and some people will eat late into the night and talk while eating. After the banquet, continue to talk and don't go to bed until after the stars in the morning. At the end of the year, every household cooks with the biggest pimple (called Nian pig pimple in the tree pocket). As the saying goes: thirty fires, fifteen lights. The bigger the pimple, the bigger the pig in the coming year; The bigger the fire, the more prosperous the family will be in the coming year. The family wandered around the fire, and the theme of freedom and relaxation was extensive. There are feelings of farewell and nostalgia for the fleeting years, as well as beautiful expectations for the upcoming New Year; There are both tracing back to the source and rambling about the interests of immigration and development; There are both the theme of promoting family style and the new ideas of the inheritors; There are Confucian classics, the ostentation of poetry and Taoism, and the ridicule of rural slang; There are both heated discussions about the situation and messages about the future. Young people and old people are free to speak and express their opinions. Since the advent of television, many families watch the Spring Festival Gala, set off firecrackers after the New Year bell rings, pick up stars to welcome the New Year, open the door to receive blessings, and then go to bed.

Except for the stars, they used to be very particular. The first is physical preparation. Prepare a full set of new clothes, shoes, socks and hats for everyone, especially for each child, so that all personnel can look brand-new on the first day of the new year; We should also prepare fruit, food for the first morning, lucky money and other necessities. In addition, we must educate our children to avoid taboos, not to say unlucky words, but to say auspicious words such as making a fortune and prosperity. The second is to collect things. I won't elaborate on cleaning the kitchen and making the bed. And put the related things in a secluded place. Such as scissors, knives, ropes and blood stains, it is best not to look at them in the morning of the first day, so as not to say that it is not good to see snakes too much. The third is to worship heaven and earth. The main family members prepare incense paper, fruit bowls and other sacrifices, dress neatly, wash their hands and meditate, pay homage to the gods related to the survival and development of the family, such as the God of Wealth, XiShen, the birthday girl, the door god, and then bow respectfully to the gate three, open the door, tell the world, set off firecrackers, welcome the new year and pray.

5. New Year greetings. Paying New Year greetings is a courtesy for the younger generation to their elders and guests to their hosts during the Spring Festival. As the saying goes, there is no wine and no meat after the New Year. In other words, the time to pay New Year greetings is generally from the first day to the fifteenth day of this month. But now it is also useful for people with mobile phones to send text messages and call to pay New Year greetings. They start at thirty or thirty nights. It is the morning of the first day of junior high school to pay New Year greetings to the elders. After the younger generation is dressed and washed, the older generation will go to pay a New Year call after getting up and doing some activities. The younger generation shouted New Year greetings and said some auspicious words. Older people either give fruit or lucky money. The lucky money is not calculated according to the family's economic situation. Younger generations or relatives who live far away from their elders should also prepare firecrackers and gifts, and people who enter the door kowtow and salute in the hall. New Year greetings to relatives and friends are usually accompanied by gifts and firecrackers. Relatives give the accompanying children a certain amount of lucky money or gifts, or temporarily entertain them such as sweet wine, cakes, fruits, etc. according to the situation, and then stay for dinner on time. Some close friends or people who are friendly to others also express their friendship and gratitude for the New Year. Paying New Year greetings to relatives is not only for the living, but also for the dead. Paying a New Year call to the deceased is going to the grave, and the specific content is described in "Sacrificing the Ancestor". Generally speaking, there is an order to pay New Year greetings. On the first day, you pay homage to your grandfather, and on the second day, that is, your family comes before your relatives.

The custom associated with New Year greetings is to say goodbye to the old year. Generally, girls, sons, daughters-in-law, adopted sons, and adopted daughters have to resign to their parents-in-law years ago. Don't bring gifts (whether goods or mountain products) when you are young. Like New Year greetings, some close friends or people who are kind to others also bid farewell to express their friendship and gratitude.

Sixth, ancestor worship. Qu Yuan's hometown is the hometown of civilization, where traditional virtues such as loyalty, filial piety and righteousness are constantly passed down and carried forward. Sacrificing ancestors is an important custom in Lepingli for the New Year. First of all, from New Year's Eve to the third day of the first month, ancestors should be worshipped before each meal (the specific content has been described earlier), and the ancestors who just died should also put a coffin and worship incense and water three times a day. The second is to go to the grave. The time for family members to go to the grave is usually New Year's Eve and the first day of the first month. Going to the grave on New Year's Eve is called quitting the old year, and going to the grave in the first month is called New Year's greetings. Some people avoid the word "grave" in the New Year and go to the grave years ago. Family members usually go to the grave on New Year's Eve or the third day. Bring firecrackers, incense, paper, paper flowers and paper flower pendants when you go to the grave. The elders of the younger generation will lead the team, insert paper flowers or paper flower pendants on the ancestral graves, light incense and paper money, pray for blessings, and then bow down. The ritual of bowing is usually to put your hands together, hold your left hand in your right hand, raise your head for three long bows, then kneel three times and knock three times, and bow again and again. Others swept the graves together, cut the ancestral graves and the surrounding weeds, planted some new soil, set off firecrackers and left. When girls, sons-in-law, sons-in-law and grandsons of foreign nephews come to pay tribute to their deceased ancestors, and the ceremony of paying tribute is basically the same. When a guest goes to the grave, he usually pays a New Year call to the host first (it is forbidden to bring things from the grave into the host's home), and then goes to the grave after drinking tea.

Seven, taboos and others. Leping also has some taboos during the Spring Festival. Sleeping at the age of 30 can't be said to be sleeping, but digging a hole. You can't say shit and pee during the Spring Festival, you should say courtesy. Avoid sweeping the floor and splashing water on the first and second days of the first year (domestic wastewater and garbage should be packed in containers). Sweeping the floor means sweeping away wealth, and splashing water means throwing wealth out. On the third day, after burning the gatekeeper paper, you can only sweep the floor and splash water. But on the first morning, you can carry water, which means you can carry silver water home, and you can also carry firewood at home, which means you can carry money home.

The ninth day is the ninth day, the birthday of the Jade Emperor. According to local legends, this day is also Qu Yuan's birthday. In the old Quyuan Temple in Quyuan's hometown, statues of the Jade Emperor and Dr Quyuan are enshrined. Avoid sweeping the floor, splashing water and using needle and thread. On this day. Sweeping the floor is afraid of losing the jade emperor's eyes, and splashing water is afraid of adding fuel to the fire of Dr. Qu Yuan who threw himself into the river. On this day, there is another custom in Leping, Qu Yuan's hometown, that is, villagers from far and near gather at Qu Yuan Temple to hold a temple fair. On the ninth day of the first month, the temple fair in Qu Yuan's hometown was approved by the emperor and given a "blue umbrella". On the ninth day, the blue umbrella deacon supported the "blue umbrella" given by the emperor, followed by flags such as dragon, phoenix and unicorn, and the atmosphere was solemn. Temple fairs are presided over by elders. Generally, there are fixed ceremonies such as worship, incense burning, reading and sacrifice. The local literati took the opportunity to persuade the villagers to accumulate virtue and do good deeds, study hard and inherit Qu Yuan's legacy. After the concentration ceremony, villagers can freely make wishes, play and trade, while literati and poets express their wishes by chanting poems. There were thousands of temple fair activists for a long time. 1945 On the ninth day of the first month, people came to Quyuan Temple to attend the temple fair as in previous years. Near noon, nine Japanese planes circled over Lepingli, flying very low. The villagers panicked and fled each other, trampling on several people, and discarded clothes, shoes and other items could be seen everywhere. Since then, the temple fair dedicated to Qu Yuan on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month has gradually ended in a cold reception.

/kloc-after 0/5: 00, all rooms should be lit, including sundries, vegetable gardens and ancestral graves. This is called a lighting bug. After insects are irradiated, pests that endanger people's lives and crops will die and decrease. Fifthly, the remaining "Nian Zhu Jie" should be burned together with the newly bought firewood, and the collected Nian rice should be mixed into the meal of the day to show that life is rich year after year.

During the Spring Festival in Lepingli, the group entertainment activities include catching temple fairs, playing lions, picking lotus boats, playing flower drums and playing dragon lanterns.

Leping people are used to predicting the quality of people, livestock and crops in a year according to the weather from the first day to the tenth day. According to one chicken, two dog, three pigs, four sheep, five cows, six horses, seven people, eight grains, nine beans and ten wheat. The fine weather that day means that the corresponding people or animals and plants will flourish. According to heavenly stems and earthly branches's forecast of annual income, if the first day is dry, on the third day, one person will be called to share the cake, and the new year will be full of grain and food. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, ugly cows are five Niu Gengdi, and the year is good. If the earthly branch meets Chen on the eighth day, Chen belongs to the dragon, and the eight dragons control the water. According to the number of dragons, it is likely that the new year will be a dry year.

Another important custom of Leping people is to prepare wax products. The wax goods here are really delicious and well preserved. Fish, meat, konjac, tofu, tofu meat, bean paste, sweet wine, rice noodles, etc. Ordinary farmers can use it for several months, and some can even use it for one year.

The annual customs in Lepingli are rich in history and culture, traditional moral customs and useful life knowledge, but there are also some feudal superstitions. Please treat the folk culture in Leping dialectically.