Analysis of 40 Grammatical Points in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language (Ⅱ)

Description: Indicates that the operation may or may not continue:

I have studied Chinese for a year, and I will study it for another year. (To be continued)

I have studied Chinese for a year, and I won't learn it again. (No further)

2 1. Want it? Do you want it? Hurry up, hurry up? Is it almost there? View from a height or a distance

Description: indicates that an action or thing is about to happen.

22. Dynamic auxiliary words? Hold on.

Form: verb+zhe

Description: indicates the continuity of action or state.

It's raining and windy outside. (Actions are continuous and dynamic)

The door of the room was open. (State continuous, static)

23. Dynamic auxiliary words? Pass?

Form: verb+Guo

Description: Represents past experience.

I have been to Beijing, but I have never been to Shanghai.

Have you ever been to Beijing?

24. is it a verb (what? )

Description: Indicates the progress of the operation.

He is reading a book. He is reading a book. He is reading a book.

It is raining outside. It is raining outside. (Can we talk about it? Hold on. Used together)

25. Serial sentences

Form: There are more than two verbs.

He went shopping yesterday. (? Is it? After the last verb)

26. Concurrent statements

Form: a please/let/call b+ verb

I invited him.

The teacher asked the students to write a composition.

Dad told his son to go shopping.

27. use? Than? Comparison of sentence expressions

(1)A (not) than b+ adjective

I am taller than him. I am not as tall as him.

(2)A is more/also+adjective than B.

I am tall, and he is taller than me.

(3)A is much more than B+adjective+quantity//a little, some//.

I am five centimeters taller than him.

I am a little taller than him.

I am much taller than him.

(4)A is earlier/later/more/less than B+verb+quantity.

I came five minutes earlier than him.

I learned three more texts than he did.

(5)? Than? There are two forms of degree complement in sentences:

I came earlier than him.

I came earlier than him.

28. use? Is A the same as B (no)+(adjective)? Represent comparison

My book is the same as his. My book is different from his.

I am as tall as he is. This room is not as big as that one.

29. use? Does a have/does not have b(so/so)+ adjective? He is as tall as me.

I am not as tall as him. (or: I'm not as tall as him)

Is he as tall as you? (Or: Is he as tall as you? )

30. Verbs overlap (indicating short time or trying)

(1) action hasn't happened yet. Can monosyllabic verbs be used? One? ：

I want to think about this problem.

I want to think about this problem.

(2) Can't two-syllable verbs be used? One? ：

We should study this problem. 1).

(3) The action has been completed. What should be used between monosyllabic/disyllabic verbs? Is it? ：

I thought about this question yesterday.

(4) use? Are you online? 、? Now? Wait a minute. Indicates the progress of the operation, and verbs cannot overlap:

He is listening (? Listen to music.

3 1. Adjective reduplication (with vivid function)

(1) Monosyllabic overlapping form: AA

She has big eyes.

(2) The overlapping form of disyllabic words: AABB

This is a clean room.

(3) Adjectives overlap as attributive, or as predicate alone, which is used later? what's up ：

A pair of big eyes/his face is red.

(4) Adjective reduplication cannot be used before? Very? ：

She is wearing (? Very) beautiful.

32.？ Release? Words and phrases

Form: A Ba b+ Verb+Other Components

Semantics: Description of movement, change or result.

I closed the door. (after the verb? Is it? )

I have finished my homework. (after the verb? Complement the result? )

You bring the box up. (after the verb? Directional complement)

You give this book to him. (Verb followed by object)

note:

( 1)? Release? You can't use possible complements in sentences:

? I can finish reading this book.

(two) the subject matter is usually clear or known to both parties:

You put this book (? Give it to him.

(3) May verb/negative word, placed in? Release? Before:

I want to give this book to him. I didn't give him the book.

(4) Is there a complement after the verb? In, to, to, to? When is it commonly used? Release? Words:

I parked my car at the door. I put the book on the table.

I returned the pen to him. I translated this English book into Chinese.

passive sentence

(1) use? Is it? what's up Is it? Words:

Form: A Bei b+ Verb+Other Components

My dictionary was borrowed by him.

My wallet was stolen.

(2) no? Is it? Passive sentence:

The meal is finished. | The letter is finished.

34.？ what's up what's up

(1) Emphasize the time, place and method of action.

He came yesterday.

He is from Beijing.

He came by plane.

(2) Express attitudes or opinions

I don't think it is right for you to hit people.

His study attitude is very serious.

35. More and more adjectives/psychological verbs.

Winter is coming, and the weather is getting colder and colder.

I like music more and more.

36. The more? Yue? ：

(1) Same topic: The wind is blowing harder.

(2) Different subjects: The more the teacher talks, the less I understand.

37. One? Just?

Description: indicates that the second action will occur immediately after the first action.

(1) Tongke: I'll go home after class.

(2) Different subjects: As soon as the teacher said, I understood.

38.？ A little? And then what? A little? The difference between

(1) There is a little+adjective (is there? Disappointed? Meaning):

This book is very good, but it is a bit expensive.

(2) a little+psychological verb:

They want to go to the park, so do I.

(3) Adjective+a little (indicating comparison):

It was 20 degrees yesterday, but it's a little colder today.

(4) Verb+a little+(object):

I can speak a little Chinese.

39. General order of attributes

Noun | pronoun+demonstrative pronoun+quantitative phrase+adjective/noun+Central Language School, two new colleges.

Her five beautiful silk dresses.

40. General order of adverbials

Time+place+scope+degree+modality/mode+prepositional phrase+verb/form. We are all very enthusiastic about him. At school, we learn Chinese from our teachers very seriously. We were glad to call his home yesterday.