Du Fu’s poems

Fengxian

Poetry Appreciation:

Five Hundred Words of Ode to Fengxian from Beijing

Du Ling has commoners, but the boss has changed his mind clumsy. How foolish is it to promise a body, to steal Biji and deed.

It turned out to be a whirlpool, with a white head and a sweet and broad head. The matter of covering the coffin is over, and this ambition is often coveted.

I worry about Li Yuan in my poor years and sigh at the heat in my intestines. He made fun of his classmate Weng, and the song was very intense.

It’s not without Jiang Hai Zhi, it’s cool to send the sun and the moon. When I was born and met the kings of Yao and Shun, I could not bear to say goodbye forever.

Is it possible that today’s corridors and temples are lacking in architecture? The sunflowers and sunflowers lean towards the sun, and their physical properties are solid and cannot be taken away.

Gu Wei is like an ant, but he seeks his own nest. Hu is a big whale, and he always wants to attack Bo?

In order to understand physiology, I am ashamed of myself. Up to now, I can't bear to be wiped out by dust.

In the end, I felt ashamed of my nest and my home, and could not change my ways. Drinking and chatting to amuse oneself, singing songs to relieve the sorrow.

At the end of the year, the grass is gone, and the high mountains are cracked by the strong wind. Tianqu is overcast and majestic, and the guests are at night.

Shuangyan's clothes are broken, and the fingers cannot be knotted. Passing through Lishan Mountain in the early morning, the royal couch was in Jixi.

Chiyou stood in the cold sky and stepped on the cliffs and valleys slippery. The Qi of Yaochi is sluggish, and the feathers and forests are in a state of chaos.

The monarch and his ministers stayed and entertained, and the joy caused the entanglement of Yin. Those who give baths all have long tassels, and those who give banquets are not short brown.

The silk fabrics divided by Tongting originated from Hannu. He whipped his husband's family and gathered tribute in the city.

The sage’s kindness truly wants the country to live. The court is full of people, and the benevolent should tremble.

Kang heard that the gold plate inside was all in the Weihuo room. There are gods in the middle hall, and the smoke is covered with jade.

The warm guest is the mink fur, and the sorrowful management is chasing the Qingse. Treat guests to camel hoof soup, frosted orange and fragrant orange.

The wine and meat in Zhumen stinks, and there are frozen bones on the road. The prosperity and decline are so close, and the melancholy is difficult to describe again.

Beiyuan leads to Jingwei, and Guandu changes course again. Groups of ice descend from the west, as far as the eye can see.

I suspect it is coming from Kongtong, and I am afraid that it will touch the sky pillar and break it. Fortunately, the river is not broken, and the branches are rustling.

Luggage clinging to each other, Sichuan and Guangzhou cannot be crossed. The old wife lives in a different county, separated by ten people from the wind and snow.

Who can ignore it for a long time and go to bed to be hungry and thirsty? When I heard the howl at the door, my young son died of hunger.

I would rather give up and mourn, and I will sob in the alleys. I am ashamed to be a father, and I will die young if I don’t have enough food.

How did you know that when the autumn harvest comes, there will be poverty and haste. They are exempt from rent and tax, and their names are not subject to conquest.

The traces of caressing are still sour and pungent, and ordinary people are stubborn and crumbly. I meditate on the unemployed, because I miss the garrison soldiers far away.

If you are worried about the end of Qi Zhongnan, you can't break the cave.

In the sixth year of Tianbao (747), Du Fu came to Chang'an to take part in the imperial examination with the lofty ideal of "bringing the emperors Yao and Shun to the throne, and then purifying the customs." Due to the sabotage by the treacherous minister Li Linfu, all the candidates failed, so Du Fu was trapped in Chang'an for 10 years. During these 10 long years, I lived a hard life every day: "I live in a rich family in the morning, I follow the fat horse in the evening, I have a broken cup and cold food, and I hide my sorrow everywhere." Du Fu's ten years in Chang'an was the beginning of a new traveling life rich in social and political content. Because Du Fu had a certain status in the society at that time, he had the opportunity to see the "heaven" side; at the same time, because of his political frustration and the hardship of material life, he had the possibility to come into contact with people's lives and see the "hell" side. one side. He developed further hatred for the ruling class and further sympathy for the people, thus creating a large number of poems with profound thoughts that criticized current affairs and satirized the powerful. For example, in the winter of the 14th year of Tianbao, Du Fu went to Fengtian to visit relatives. He passed by the Huaqing Palace in Lishan, but he saw steam rising, swords and guns standing there, and drums and music loudly. "Five Hundred Words". The lines express his strong emotions of "worrying about Li Yuan in his poor years, sighing for the heat in his intestines", revealing the sharp contradiction of "the wine and meat in the rich family smells bad, and there are frozen bones on the road", and also depicts "the entrance hears the cry, the young son is hungry". The tragic family situation of "dead" sang an elegy for the prosperous age of the Tang Dynasty, marking the maturity of Du Fu's realistic poetry creation.

In "Going to Feng Xian and Wong Huai", he sharply pointed out that the material wealth created by the working people supported the exploiting class: "The silk that Tong Ting divided was originally from a poor woman. She whipped her husband's family, "Ju Ling Gong Cheng Que." And pointedly exposed the darkness of feudal society: "The wine and meat in the rich family are stinky, and the bones are frozen to death on the road." As long as he thinks of the suffering of the people, he will forget his own suffering, even at the expense of his own life. Even though "the young son died of hunger", he was still "an unemployed man who meditated on his thoughts, and became a soldier because of his distant thoughts."

Translation

There was a commoner in Du Ling, who was older and more conscious. Become clumsy. What a foolish wish to make, privately compared to the ancient Ji and Qi. There was no achievement, and it was indeed a failure. Even though he was so old, he still worked so hard and enjoyed it. The matter will only be settled once the coffin is closed, otherwise there is still hope for this wish to be realized. I have been worried about the people all year long, sighing until I feel excited and my blood boils. The classmates all made fun of him, but they made him sing even more intensely. It’s not that I don’t have the ambition to travel around the world, so that my life can be free and satisfying. The streets of Chang'an were very cold, and the wanderer (referring to Du Fu) who was a guest set out in the middle of the night. The years have entered the cold winter, the grass has withered, and the strong wind has cracked the high hills. Let's drink alcohol to get rid of depression, and sing loudly to eliminate depression. After all, I feel sorry for Chao Fu and Xu You, but I still can't change my moral integrity. Until now, I have been unable to find a good official position and endured being buried like dust. Therefore, I understand that life is different between high and low, and we should be content with the situation and keep our duties. However, we are ashamed to pay homage to the powerful.

Why should we envy the big whale and always yearn to swim to the sea? Looking at the crickets and ants from another angle, they only seek their own caves. It’s just that sunflowers always tend to the sun, and this nature is difficult to change. There are so many talents running the country today, how can we say there is a lack of talents serving the imperial court? It's just that I met sage kings like Yao and Shun in this life, so I couldn't bear to give up my official career and never become an official. The belt of my clothes broke in the severe cold, and my fingers were too stiff to tie it properly. Passing by Lishan Mountain at dawn, the emperor rested in this high mountain palace. This cold winter is full of mist, and the cliffs and valleys are too slippery, so be careful every step you take. Yaochi is steaming with steam, and the Yulin army is very crowded. The emperor and his ministers rejoiced together, and the sound of music filled the air. Those who bathed in gifts were all high-ranking officials, and there were no commoners in short brown clothes who participated in the banquet. The silks distributed by the imperial court to the ministers were originally woven by poor women. The officials whipped their husbands' families, plundered, gathered and presented them to the palaces of the capital. The emperor's rewards to his ministers are actually to make the country more prosperous. If there are so many ministers in the court, if they are benevolent people, they should be careful not to make mistakes in governing the country. What's more, all the valuable utensils stored in the palace were sent to the relatives and dignitaries (referring to Concubine Yang's brothers and sisters). There is a beautiful musician in the hall, whose light silk dance clothes cover the dancer's crystal skin. Nuan Bin wears precious fur clothes, and the moving wind music accompanies the elegant string music. The guests were treated to camel's hoof soup worth thousands of gold, and there were piles of fresh oranges and fragrant tangerines on a plate. The wealth of wine and meat in the rich and aristocratic families stinks, but there are frozen skeletons on the roadside. The world's prosperity and poverty are only a stone's throw away, and it's hard to describe the melancholy. I drove north to the Jingshui and Weishui Rivers, and the ferry established by the government was rerouted. The Jing River and the Wei River flow down from the west, looking high and dangerous from afar. It is suspected that it rushed from Kongtong Mountain, fearing that the collision would break the Tianzhu. Fortunately, the bridge over the river was not broken, but the bridge frame shook and rustled. My traveling companions helped each other because the river was too wide and they were afraid that the bridge would collapse and they would not be able to cross. I settled my wife and children in Fengxian County, and the ten of us were separated by the wind and snow. Who can go without visiting for a long time? I always hope to be hungry and thirsty at home. As soon as I walked into the house, I heard howling. My youngest son had died of hunger. I would rather abandon etiquette and cry loudly, and my neighbors will also cry for it. As his father, I am really ashamed that he died young because he had no food to eat. Unexpectedly, during the autumn grain harvest season, the family was poor and something unexpected happened (referring to the death of a child, and the funeral was unaffordable). In my life, I have often been exempted from taxes and duties, and I have not had to be mobilized for military expeditions. It’s painful to think about the above experiences, and the common people are naturally even more uneasy. It makes me think deeply about those who are displaced, and even more so, the soldiers stationed on the border. The pile of melancholy is higher than Zhongnan Mountain, endless, and I can't deal with it.

Fengxian Geography

Fengxian is now Pucheng County, Shaanxi Province. Pucheng County is located in the northeast of the Weihe Plain, bordering the Northern Shaanxi Plateau to the north and across the Luo River to the east. With a population of 720,400 and an area of ??1,584 square kilometers, the county has jurisdiction over 30 towns and 373 village committees.

Pucheng County has established a county system since the Qin Dynasty. Over the past two thousand years, the name of the county has been changed six times, and the area of ??governance has been changed. According to the "New Chronicles of Pucheng County": During the Qin, Han, Wei and Jin periods, it was Chongquan County, and the county seat was located in Chongquan Village, 45 miles southeast of the current county seat. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was renamed Nanbaishui County. In the Western Wei and Sui Dynasties, it was Pucheng County, and the county seat was located thirty miles east of the current county seat. During the Tang and Five Dynasties, it was renamed Fengxian County, and the county seat was located at its present location. It was renamed Pucheng County in the Song Dynasty.

"New Chronicles of Pucheng County" also records: "There is no date of establishment of the current city, but there are only two temples in the north and south of the city... According to legend, when the city was built, the mountain gate of the south temple was cut off, so the temple was in front. It can be seen later that the county office was placed in the early Kaiyuan period, and the city was moved here at this time."

Although Pucheng County has been established in various dynasties since the Tang Dynasty. It has been repaired, but in the early Ming Dynasty, Pucheng County was still a Tucheng, with a circumference of eight miles, a height of nine feet, and a depth of four feet. After additional renovations in the early years of Jingtai's reign in the Ming Dynasty, the city became two feet and nine feet high, one foot and five feet deep, and three feet wide. Afterwards, it was repaired many times. By the 28th year of Qianlong's reign, the city had begun to take shape. The city perimeter was nine miles, and the wall was 360 feet long in the east, 364 feet long in the west, and 470 feet long in the south. Ten feet long, 484 feet long in the north. The city is two feet and nine feet high, the base is one foot and eight feet thick, the top is one foot and three feet thick, and the brick battlements are five feet high and two feet thick. The four city gates are all wrapped with iron sheets. There are four towers, each with a saddle room. During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, the main buildings in the city included the Tang Pagoda of the South Temple, the Song Pagoda of the North Temple, the Chenghuang Temple, the Confucian Temple, the Dongyue Temple, the Nanwu Temple, the Beiwu Temple, the Wenchang Palace and 22 wooden and stone archways distributed along the main streets of the east, west, south and north. In addition, there are There are about 30 other temples, ancestral halls and temples scattered throughout the streets and alleys. Most of these temples and temples were built in the Ming and Qing dynasties, with the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty being the most prosperous.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, due to changes in the political system and the needs of economic construction, ancient buildings were mostly replaced by new buildings. After 1949, the surrounding city walls and four city gates were gradually demolished. From 1951 to 1966, due to the expansion of roads in the city, 20 wooden and stone archways were demolished. In 1964, the City God's Temple was demolished, and the city continued to expand. However, due to inconvenient transportation and lack of electricity, development has been restricted. After the 1970s, the Houxi and Xiyan railways were successively opened to traffic and passed through here. The Xiyu Highway and Weiqing Highway that were reconstructed by Chi were completed. The traffic situation was greatly improved. Strong current was drawn from the Hancheng Power Plant to provide industry with As a result, the county's industry has developed rapidly, and dozens of large, medium and small industrial and commercial enterprises in machinery, textiles, food, grain and oil processing, etc. have been established. The nature of the town has fundamentally changed, and the county has expanded rapidly.

The county is now 2 kilometers long from east to west and nearly 2 kilometers wide from north to south, with an urban area of ??nearly 4 square kilometers. The main streets in the county are all paved with asphalt or cement pavements. The roads are generally 10-20 meters wide. Tung trees and locust trees are commonly planted on the sidewalks. Modern buildings have been built on both sides of the streets, and a large number of shops have been added. The county has also established Hospitals, traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, cultural centers, libraries, clubs, cinemas, stadiums, hotels, restaurants and other cultural, health and service facilities have been established outside the city to train primary school teachers for the city. Now it has become the political, economic and cultural center of the county.

There are ancient monuments such as the Tang Pagoda in the South Temple, the Song Pagoda in the North Temple, the Six Dragon Walls, the Qingzong Bridge Mausoleum of the Tang Dynasty, and the Monument of General Yunhui. Yongfeng Revolutionary Martyrs Cemetery, General Yang Hucheng Memorial Hall, etc.

Chang'an (Shaoling)

Poetry Appreciation:

Troops and Chariots

Chariots rattling, horses rustling, pedestrians with bows and arrows waist. The mother-in-law and the wife see each other off, but Xianyang Bridge is nowhere to be seen. He held his clothes, stamped his feet, and blocked the road to cry, and his cry went up to the sky. People passing by the road asked the pedestrians, but the pedestrians were confused. Or from Fangfang River in the north of Fifteenth, to Yingtian in Xiyingtian of Fortyth. When I left, my head was still wrapped up, but when I came back, my hair was white and still guarding the border. The side court bleeds into sea water, and Emperor Wu is moved to the side. Don’t you know, thousands of Jingqi trees are born in the two hundred states of Shandong in the Han family. Even if there is a healthy woman with a hoe and a plow, there will be no crops in the long acres. Kuangfu Qin soldiers fought hard and were driven away by dogs and chickens. Although the elders have questions, the servant dares to express his hatred! And now this winter, there are still many deaths in Kansai. The county magistrate is asking for rent urgently. Where will the rent and taxes come from? Believe it or not, it is evil to have a boy, but it is good to have a girl: if you have a girl, you have to marry your neighbor, but if you have a boy, you will be buried under the grass. Don’t you see, Qinghai Tou has no one to collect the bones from ancient times. New ghosts are annoyed and old ghosts are crying, the sky is cloudy and rainy, and the wet voice is chirping!

This is a political poem against the Tang Dynasty's military war, and is Du Fu's earliest work against the people's suffering. Du Fu witnessed the tragic farewell scene in Chang'an and wrote "The Troops and Chariots", which not only expressed the sadness and sorrow of the garrison soldiers, but also showed the eagerness to express their difficulties. It also revealed the long-term military brutality of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. caused great disaster to the people. "War Chariots" is Du Fu's representative work before the An-Shi Rebellion.

Beauty Tour

The weather is new on March 3rd, and there are many beauties by the waterfront in Chang'an. The posture is strong, the meaning is distant and true, the texture is fine and the bones are even. The low-crotch clothes shine in the late spring, and the golden peacock and silver unicorn frown. What's on the head? The green leaves hang down the temples and lips. What can you see from behind? The beads press the waist to make the body fit. He became a relative of Zhongyun Mujiao and gave him the name Guo and Qin, a great country. The peak of the purple camel emerges from the green cauldron, and the water essence is coiled with plain scales. The rhinoceros chopsticks have been worn out for a long time, and the rhinoceros knife cuts through the empty space. Huangmen's flying eagles can't move, and the royal chefs come to deliver eight delicacies. The plaintive chants of flutes and drums are felt by ghosts and gods, and the guests are in a state of excitement. Later, when the pommel horse was patrolling, Dangxuan dismounted and entered Jinyin. The poplars and snow fall, covering the white apples, and the bluebird flies away with a red scarf in its mouth. The popularity is overwhelming, so be careful not to get too close to the Prime Minister's anger.

The first ten sentences generally describe the beauty of the body and the splendor of the clothes of the ladies on spring outing. The ten sentences in the middle describe the luxury of the banquet and the favor received by the Yang sisters. The last six sentences describe Yang Guozhong's arrogance. On March 3rd of the 11th year of Tianbao (752), the Yang brothers and sisters had a banquet in Qujiang, south of Chang'an City. Du Fu wrote "Beautiful People's Journey", which mocked the arrogant and dissolute life of Yang Guozhong brothers and sisters. It tortuously reflects the fatuousness of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and the corruption of current affairs. In order to replenish the supply of troops, the government arrested people everywhere, and the people's families were ruined and their families were filled with complaints. Although he was scolding Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty on the surface, it was Yang Guozhong and others who were scolding him. "Beauty's Journey" is also Du Fu's representative work before the Anshi Rebellion.

Aijiangtou

Shaoling Ye Lao swallowed his voice and cried, sneaking into the Qujiang River in spring. Thousands of doors are locked in the palace at the head of the river. Whose green willows and new cattails are green? Recalling the past when neon banners went down to the South Garden, everything in the garden was full of color. The first person in Zhaoyang Palace, he will accompany you in the chariot and serve you at your side. There is a man in front of the chariot with a bow and arrow, and a white horse chews a golden leash. Turning over and shooting clouds towards the sky, a pair of flying wings fell down with a smile. Where are the bright eyes and white teeth? The blood-stained wandering soul cannot return. The Liujian Pavilion in the east of the Qing Dynasty is deep, and there is no news about each other. Life is full of love and tears, how can rivers and flowers be the ultimate? At dusk, Hu Qi was full of dust in the city. He wanted to go to the south of the city and look to the north.

The first sentence expresses his mood, and the second sentence is sneaky, reflecting his patriotism and quietly paying homage to the Forbidden City. I saw that the palace gate was locked, the grass and trees were green, there were few people, and no one appreciated it. Reminiscing about the past, the eight sentences describe Yang Guifei and the talented man shooting hunting, and the smile highlights the concubine's dexterity and charm. In the four sentences of Mingmu, he lamented the chaos in Anshi, the imperial concubine committed suicide, and Xuanzong entered Shu. The two were separated by yin and yang, which also opened the prelude to the decline of the Tang Dynasty. Life is sentimental, but the river remains unchanged. The poet patrolled the city with barbarians and had to leave; but with a heavy heart, he went in the wrong direction. "Aijiangtou" is Du Fu's representative work during the Anshi Rebellion.

Spring Hope

The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city has deep spring vegetation.

I am moved to tears by the flowers in my heart, and I am frightened by the hatred of other birds.

The war rages on for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold.

The white-headed scratches are shorter, and the lust is overwhelming.

This sorrow is caused by hurting spring. In the fourth chapter, I look at the scenery in spring and feel sad when I look at things. In the next four days, the feeling of looking forward to spring is met with homesickness. Zhao Xun said: The beacon fire sentence is appropriate for the time. Family letters, should hate farewell. But the next sentence comes from the previous sentence. The hair is whiter and shorter, caused by sadness and homesickness. Living in the occupied Guocheng, the poet Du Fu could only feel deep sadness. He missed his family and national affairs, but he felt that spring had become bleak. "Spring Hope" is also Du Fu's representative work during the Anshi Rebellion.

Geography of Chang'an (Shaoling)

Chang'an (today's Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province) and Shaoling (today's Shaoling in the southern suburbs of Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province) are located in the south of the Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province The area consists of alluvial plains in the north and denuded mountains in the south. The general terrain is high in the southeast and low in the northwest and southwest, forming a dustpan shape.

Xi'an, also known as Chang'an in ancient times, was also known as the Western Capital, Xijing, Daxing City, Jingzhao City, Fengyuan City, etc. It is the city with the most capital dynasties and the longest duration in Chinese history. From the Western Zhou Dynasty, when slavery reached its peak, to the Tang Dynasty, when feudal society reached its peak, there were Western Zhou, Qin, Western Han, New, Western Jin (Emperor Min), Former Zhao, Former Qin, Later Qin, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, Twelve dynasties including the Tang Dynasty established their capitals here for more than 1,100 years. It was also the capital of the peasant uprising regimes such as Chimei, Lulin, Daqi (Huang Chao), and Dashun (Li Zicheng). From about the 11th century BC to the end of the 9th century AD, Xi'an was the political, economic and cultural center of ancient China for a long time. of governance. In most dynasties, Xi'an was under the jurisdiction of Jingzhao Prefecture (county), a county-level organization. In the Yuan Dynasty, Jingzhao was renamed Anxi Road (later changed to Fengyuan Road). In the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1369 AD), Fengyuan Road was abolished and established. Xi'an Mansion, Xi'an is named after it.

Xi'an is extremely rich in tourism resources. The city currently has 98 key cultural relics protection units at or above the municipal level, and more than 160 county-level protection units. There are more than 4,000 ancient ruins and ancient tombs, and 120,000 cultural relics have been unearthed, many of which are rare treasures that are unique in China and rare in the world.

Chengdu

Major events in Chengdu:

After the previous period of turmoil, famine, and separation from his wife and children, the poet Du Fu decided to leave his temporary residence in Qinzhou. Moved to Chengdu in Bashu. Chengdu is located in today's Sichuan, in the northwest of the Sichuan Basin, and is the center of the Chengdu Plain. It is also an ancient historical capital. The Chinese dynasties of Qin, Shuhan, Five Dynasties and Zhang Xianzhong in the late Ming Dynasty all developed or established their capitals here. In the Tang Dynasty when the poet Du Fu lived, this place was Chengdu Prefecture and was under the rule of Shu County.

Poetry Appreciation:

Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by Autumn Wind

The high autumn wind howls in August and rolls up the three thatched roofs of my house.

Mao flies across the river and spreads across the outskirts of the river. The taller ones hang on the treetops, and the lower ones float around the Shentan depression. A group of children in Nancun bullied me because I was old and weak.

I was a thief when I couldn't stand it! I openly hugged the grass into the bamboo.

My lips were burnt and my mouth was dry and I couldn't breathe. After returning home, I leaned on my staff and sighed.

The wind in Russia makes the clouds dark, and the desert turns dark in autumn.

The quilt has been as cold as iron for many years, and the delicate child is lying on it and is cracked inside.

The leakage at the bedside has nowhere to dry, and the rain has not stopped.

My menstrual flow is disordered and I have little sleep. How can I get wet all night long?

With thousands of mansions, it can protect the poor people all over the world and make them happy?

Unmoved by wind and rain, it is as peaceful as a mountain! Woohoo!

When did you suddenly see this house in front of you? It is enough for my house to be broken down and freeze to death!

The poet who set out in the second year of Qianyuan (759), after passing through the dangerous Shu Road, finally arrived in the first year of Shangyuan (760 AD). Although the road to Shu is difficult, Shu has been known as the "Land of Abundance" since ancient times because of its rich products and warm climate. Chengdu, the essence of Sichuan, is even more suitable for living. At this time, Du Fu's old friends Yan Wu, Fei Mian and Gao Shi were all serving as officials in Shu. For the poet who had no official salary income at this time, the help from his friends was not without small help.

With the help of his friends, he selected a good piece of land on the bank of Huanhua River in the western suburbs of Chengdu, built a thatched hut, and settled his wife and children who had previously suffered from hunger here. This became the "Du Fu Thatched Cottage" that later became famous all over the world. After the thatched cottage was completed, the poet enjoyed a beautiful and peaceful life here. But there are also difficulties in the beauty. Because a storm in August of that year damaged the recently completed thatched cottage. Therefore, Du Fu was inspired to compose a song "Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind" to describe the situation at that time. scene.

If most people encounter this kind of thing, they will lament their own pity and misfortune. How can they think of the suffering of others? But the reason why Du Fu is Du Fu is what he reveals in the article. His broad benevolence allowed him to show a more admirable depth of life when facing his own pain.

Happy rain on a spring night

Good rain knows the season, and spring will happen.

Sneak into the night with the wind, moisturizing things silently.

The wild paths are all dark with clouds, but the river boats are only bright with fire.

Looking at the red and wet place at dawn, the flowers are heavy on the official city.

Time flies and Du Fu has lived in the thatched cottage for a year. In the following year (i.e., the second year of the Yuan Dynasty, 761 AD), Du Fu's life gradually became stable and happy. Under this situation, he composed a poem "Spring Night Joyful Rain" to express his inner feelings at this time. .

Because of a rain on a spring night, the poet inspired infinite poetry.

And let the joy of heaven and earth creating all things transform into a deeper longing for the morning light in my heart---tomorrow's Jinguan City will be full of flowers!

It is a pity that Du Fu did not enjoy such pastoral happiness for long. During the reign of Daizong Baode, because his good friend Yan Wu had been supporting him for many years as the governor of Shu, Du Fu was invited to be his governor. Under the pressure of human sentiments and the needs of real life, the poet took office. Soon after Yan Wu died of illness, he suddenly lost the trust in his life, so he went to Kuizhou.

Yueyang

Appreciation of poems:

Climbing the Yueyang Tower

In the past I heard about the water in Dongting, now I go up to the Yueyang Tower.

In the southeast corner of Wu and Chu, the universe floats day and night.

There are no relatives and friends, and there are no old and sick people.

The soldiers and horses pass through the north of the mountain, and Pingxuan Tisi flows.

Translation

I heard people say that Dongting Lake is very beautiful. Today I finally climbed up to the Yueyang Tower. The vast Dongting Lake divides the boundaries between Wu and Chu. Day or night, everything in the world floats on the vast lake. There has been no news from relatives and friends recently. I am getting old and sick, and I only have a small boat to accompany me. North of the mountain with the pass, there is still a war and chaos. I lean on the railing of Yueyang Tower, and I can’t help but feel sad when I think about it. .

"Climbing the Yueyang Tower" was written by Du Fu in his later years (the third year of Dali in the Tang Dynasty, AD 768) when he took his family out of Sichuan and lived in Yueyang. The poet was fifty-seven years old at that time. What kind of state of mind did this frail old man, who had spent nearly a lifetime of unsatisfactory and bumpy career, and experienced the impact and turmoil of the "Anshi Rebellion", have when he first climbed up to this tall building by the lake? ? "I heard about Dongting water in the past, and now I go to Yueyang Tower." Having heard the name of Dongting for a long time, once you climb up the Yueyang Tower and enjoy the scenery on the lake, it is self-evident that you feel excited and happy.

"Wu Chu is in the southeast, and the universe is floating day and night." The vast Dongting Lake seems to divide the southeastern mainland of China, as if the entire world, including the sun and the moon, are floating on it.

Wu and Chu, ancient country names