Environmental Pollution and Countermeasures in Shaowu City, Fujian Province

From the analysis of the existing precipitation monitoring data, with the economic development of Shaowu, a major town in northern Fujian, the problem of acid rain pollution in atmospheric precipitation is more serious. In 2005, the frequency of acid rain was 100%, the average pH value of precipitation was 4.49, and the pollution degree of acid rain increased year by year. In the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" environmental quality report notified by the State Environmental Protection Administration on April 12, 2006, in 2005, acid rain occurred in 357 of the 696 cities in China, accounting for 5 1.3%, among which Dongyang City, Xiangshan County, Zhejiang Province, Anji County, Shaowu City, Fujian Province, Ruijin City and Shaowu City, Jiangxi Province became

Reasons for the rapid increase of acid rain intensity in Shaowu city during the first and tenth five-year plans.

1. The quantity of industrial coal is increasing rapidly. The rapid increase in emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides is the main cause of acid rain in our city, especially the emissions of local pollution sources. Regional and structural pollution problems have great influence on the formation of acid rain pollution. Large local coal-burning households represented by Fujian Huadian Shaowu Power Generation Co., Ltd. and Shaowu Zhongzhu Paper Co., Ltd. emit a large number of acid oxides such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides every year; In addition, fluorine chemical industry, sulfuric acid production and nitrogen fertilizer production enterprises also discharge a large number of acid oxides into the atmospheric environment, and the pollutants discharged by these enterprises are closely related to the acid rain pollution caused by precipitation in Shaowu City.

In 200 1 year, the annual industrial coal consumption in Shaowu City is about 600,000 tons, the annual sulfur dioxide emission is about 7,680 tons, and the nitrogen oxide emission is about 4 168 tons. After 2003, the annual industrial coal consumption quickly reached 6.5438+0.2 million tons, and the annual emission of sulfur dioxide was about15,360 tons, and the emission of nitrogen oxides was about 8,336 tons. The acid rain frequency of 200 1 is 89.1%; 66.2% in 2002; Since the second half of 2003, the acid rain rate has reached100%; In 2004, the acid rain rate reached 92.2%, of which 10 was100%; In 2005, the acid rain rate reached 100%.

2. The special natural environment characteristics of Shaowu City aggravated the acid rain pollution in this area. Shaowu City is located in Futunxi Valley Basin, with high static wind frequency, high inversion frequency and low mixed layer height. According to the statistics of meteorological data in Shaowu city over the years, the annual average surface wind speed is 1.0m/s, and the static wind frequency is as high as 57%, which is not conducive to the migration and diffusion of air pollutants, and the air pollutants discharged by pollution sources will stay in the valley basin for a long time.

3. Structural pollution caused by unreasonable industrial layout and industrial structure is another reason for acid rain pollution in this area. The main industrial air pollution sources in Shaowu city are distributed in the local dominant wind direction; For example, Shaowu Power Plant is located 5 kilometers northwest of Shaowu City, and Shaowu Zhongzhu Paper and Fertilizer Plant is located 7- 10 kilometers southeast of Shaowu City. The perennial dominant wind direction in Shaowu urban area is the southeast and northwest wind along the river. The main air pollution sources in Yaocun, Xiawangtang, Xiasha and Shaikou are just in the dominant wind direction in urban areas. Whether it is the southeast wind or the northwest wind, air pollutants will be over Shaowu urban area, causing the urban area to be "sour when it rains". The local leading industry is energy and chemical industry, with short industrial chain, lack of downstream deep processing products and prominent structural pollution.

4. From the analysis of local weather, there is a certain relationship between the cold air process in the north and the occurrence of acid rain. It can be inferred that the long-distance migration of pollutants is also one of the reasons for the serious pollution of atmospheric precipitation and acid rain in this city, but the pollution degree needs further study.

Three. Main measures to control acid rain and its harm in Shaowu city;

1. Shaowu City should vigorously optimize the industrial layout and structure, effectively change the structural and regional industrial pollution problems, actively promote circular economy and clean production from the perspective of developing an economical and environment-friendly society, and reduce energy and material consumption.

2, environmental protection departments and relevant departments should further strengthen the supervision of industrial pollution sources. Establish acid rain monitoring network and sulfur dioxide monitoring network in our city, strengthen the monitoring of sulfur dioxide emission sources, and install online automatic continuous monitoring devices for key sulfur dioxide emission sources in Shaowu Power Plant. Establish a dynamic management system for acid rain and sulfur dioxide and closely monitor acid rain pollution.

3. Organize environmental protection departments and meteorological departments to jointly study the relationship between the formation of precipitation acid rain and meteorological conditions, strengthen the construction of precipitation monitoring capacity, set up a research group on the causes and countermeasures of precipitation in this area, further strengthen the observation of precipitation acid rain, increase the comparison monitoring points in suburbs and the analysis of the anion and cation components of precipitation, strengthen the research work of acid rain, determine the precipitation acidity in various regions of Shaowu City, find out the formation mechanism, basic characteristics, changing laws and development trends of acid rain pollution in Shaowu City, and formulate acid rain control policies for government departments.

4. Strengthen the comprehensive management of pollution sources, take desulfurization measures for key pollution sources, and reduce the discharge of acid oxides. In the whole city, the government has issued a policy to limit the sulfur content of coal, especially Shaowu Power Plant, Zhongzhu, Fertilizer Plant, Haixin, Huaxin, Fei Yong and Tire Factory, which require the use of low sulfur coal. At the same time, promote the use of industrial sulfur-fixing briquette.

Shaowu Power Plant implements flue gas desulfurization to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions, release environmental capacity and promote sustainable development.

Increase the absorption and treatment facilities of nitric acid tail gas in chemical fertilizer plants to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides. The absorption devices of residual gas containing hydrogen fluoride in Haixin, Huaxin and Fei Yong were reformed to reduce the emission of hydrogen fluoride.

4. Further strengthen environmental publicity and education, enhance the awareness of environmental protection of leading cadres and the general public, let the public know the basic knowledge of environmental pollution, especially acid rain pollution, and avoid unnecessary psychological panic.