What is the geography and resources of Shenzhen?

Shenzhen is located on the southern coast of China, adjacent to Hongkong, in the south of Guangdong Province, on the east bank of the Pearl River Estuary, and adjacent to Daya Bay and Mirs Bay in the east. West of the Pearl River Estuary and Lingdingyang; The Shenzhen River in the south is connected with Hong Kong; It borders Dongguan and Huizhou in the north. The vast sea area connects the South China Sea and the Pacific Ocean. Shenzhen is located in the south of the Tropic of Cancer, east longitude 1 13 46' to1/437', north latitude 22 27' to 22 52'. The easternmost part of the land is located in Haichaijiao, Nan 'ao Street in the southeast, the westernmost part is located in Zhu Min Village, the northwest part is located in Shajing Street, and the southernmost part is located in the southwest.

Shenzhen is located in the south-central coastal area of Guangdong Province, northeast of the Pearl River Estuary, with a low latitude and a subtropical maritime climate. Affected by monsoon, southeast wind prevails in summer, monsoon depression, tropical cyclone patronage, high temperature and rainy weather; The northeast monsoon prevails in other seasons, with dry weather and mild climate. The annual average temperature is 22.4℃, the highest temperature is 38.7℃ (1980 July 10), and the lowest temperature is 0.2℃ (1957 February 1 1). There is abundant rainfall, with the rainy season from April to September every year, with annual rainfall of1.933mm, maximum annual rainfall of 2662mm (1.957) and minimum annual rainfall of 91.3mm (1.963). The sunshine duration is long, with an average annual sunshine duration of 2 1. 20. 5 hours and annual solar radiation of 5225 MJ/m2. The dominant wind direction throughout the year is east-southeast, and it is affected by tropical cyclones (typhoons) 4-5 times a year on average.

In spring, the influence of cold air on Shenzhen begins to weaken, and the weather is changeable, and there is often a "warm and cold" weather. There is still strong influence of cold air in early spring, and cold wave weather can still appear in late February a few years later, with less rain and different degrees of drought in most years. In summer, under the stable control of subtropical high, high temperature weather often occurs, which is the period when extreme maximum temperature appears. At the same time, summer is also the season with the richest precipitation in Shenzhen, and the precipitation varies greatly in different regions of Shenzhen, which is prone to local floods and short-term thunderstorms and windy weather. Autumn is a period of little rain and drought in Shenzhen. It is sunny and sunny in autumn. Autumn drought is easy to occur and develop rapidly because of less rainfall and large evaporation. There are different degrees of autumn drought in Shenzhen almost every year. Winter is the coldest season in Shenzhen, often controlled by dry and cold airflow, with the lowest temperature and scarce precipitation throughout the year.

Shenzhen is surrounded by mountains and seas, with more than 60 rivers 160, belonging to Dongjiang River, Bay and Pearl River Estuary, but the rainwater collection area and flow are not large. There are five rivers with basin area exceeding 100 square kilometers, including Shenzhen River, Maozhou River, Longgang River, Guanlan River and Pingshan River. There are 24 reservoirs in Shenzhen, including 9 medium-sized reservoirs with a total storage capacity of 525 million cubic meters. Shenzhen Reservoir is located in the east of the city, with a total storage capacity of more than 40 million cubic meters, which is the main source of domestic water for Shenzhen and Hong Kong residents. The total amount of groundwater resources is 650 million cubic meters per year, and the annual exploitable resources are 654.38+0 billion cubic meters. The total natural fresh water resources are 65.438+0.93 billion cubic meters, and the per capita water resources are only 500 cubic meters, which is about 654.38+0/3 and 654.38+0/4 of the national and Guangdong provinces.

The total cultivated land resources in Shenzhen are 2,446.7 hectares, the fruit planting area is 9,946.7 hectares and the forestry land is 79,700 hectares. It is rich in agricultural and sideline products such as Longgang "Sanhuang Chicken", Nantou Litchi, Nanshan Peach, Shiyan Pear, Scarab Orange and Longhua Persimmon. Shajing oyster is another feature of Shenzhen. The national protected wild animals that inhabit and breed are tiger frog, python, macaque, civet, leopard and pangolin. There are 5 species of amphibians, 23 species of reptiles, 30 species of birds and 33 species of mammals with great economic value.