What is the harm of cold wave? What are the defensive measures for the cold wave?

1, cold wave is a large-scale weather process, which will cause a wide range of severe cooling, strong winds and snowfall along the way. Disasters caused by cold wave, such as gale, frost, snowstorm, etc., have great influence on agriculture, transportation, electricity, navigation and people's health. Cold wave and strong cold air usually bring strong winds and cool weather, which is the main disastrous weather in winter in China. Cold waves and strong winds pose a great threat to coastal areas.

The freezing rain, snow and ice weather brought by the cold wave is extremely harmful to transportation. For example, 1987 1 1 A cold wave process in the last ten days caused the turnouts of several stations under the jurisdiction of Harbin, Shenyang, Beijing and Urumqi to freeze, the tracks were buried by snow, the communication signals failed, and the train operation was blocked. After the rain and snow, the roads were frozen and skidded, and traffic accidents increased obviously.

2. Cold wave and gale are windy weather caused by cold wave weather. Cold wave and gale involve a wide range, including Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Ningxia, northwestern Shaanxi, northwestern Shanxi, Hebei, northern Henan, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and other places in northern China, and cold wave and gale can also occur from the south of Huaihe River to the middle of South China Sea. Cold waves and strong winds are mainly northerly winds, and the wind force is generally 5 ~ 6. When the cold air is strong or the ground low pressure develops strongly, the wind force can reach 7 ~ 8, and the instantaneous wind force will be even greater.

3, cold wave freezing injury, an obvious feature of cold wave weather is severe cooling, low temperature can lead to crops freezing injury, river port icing, traffic disruption and other disasters, and often bring economic losses to industry and agriculture. Cold wave freezing injury refers to the freezing injury of winter cold to overwintering crops.

The cold wave weather process is a weather process in which a large range of strong cold air moves south in high latitudes, causing severe cooling and strong winds in its path. When the temperature drops below 0℃ (freezing point) or remains below 0℃ for a long time, the plants of overwintering crops will be frozen and lose all physiological activities, which will lead to plant withering or death, and severe low temperature will also make livestock sick or freeze to death.

4, cold wave blizzard, in the cold wave process, the most prominent weather is snowfall (rain), strong winds and severe cooling. Proper snow cover in winter is beneficial to crops overwintering, increasing soil moisture, freezing pest eggs and reducing air pollution. However, the snowfall caused by the cold wave is too large, and even snowstorms for several days or even longer will cause disasters.

preventive measure

1, attaches great importance to it

Do all kinds of defense work in time. All localities and relevant departments should attach great importance to it, take immediate action, take effective countermeasures, and organize defense work in a timely and responsible manner. At the same time, news media, e-commerce, mobile phone short messages, etc. It should be used to quickly release the weather change process and related news and defense measures to the society, so that the masses and relevant units can carry out defense work in time.

Step 2 take measures

Ensure the safety of agricultural production. Counties (cities, districts) and the Municipal Bureau of Agriculture should organize agricultural technicians to go deep into the front line, actively guide and help the masses to take various defensive and remedial measures, and minimize disaster losses. Take facility agriculture as the defense focus, and do a good job in the defense work such as shed reinforcement, shed film compaction, warmth and antifreeze. Strengthen fence reinforcement and livestock immunization, keep young animals warm, improve the cold and disease resistance of livestock and poultry, and ensure safety. ?

Step 3 take immediate action

Do well in other aspects. All localities and relevant departments should act quickly, clarify responsibilities, implement tasks, carefully investigate key parts such as construction sites, outdoor advertisements, power facilities, and dangerous houses in urban and rural areas that may be affected by strong winds, prevent possible problems in advance, and take effective measures to ensure the safety of people's lives and property.

4. Driving safety

Strong winds have a great influence on the operation of sea, land and air traffic. Personnel engaged in offshore operations should take measures such as stopping operations, returning to Hong Kong to take shelter from the wind and strengthening ships and drilling platforms according to the weather forecast. Strengthen the dynamic supervision of ships and do a good job in on-site inspection and inspection; Pay close attention to the weather changes, strictly implement the provisions of the wind resistance level, and it is strictly forbidden to take risks beyond the wind resistance level.

Strengthen duty, watch regularly and drive carefully; Strengthen the linkage between ship and shore, so that the main management personnel of the enterprise can take the initiative, actively and comprehensively grasp the situation of the ship and eliminate potential unsafe factors in time. In case of strong winds, airports and expressway should be closed, and under special circumstances, passenger trains should also be stopped to prevent traffic accidents caused by strong winds.

5. Variety cultivation

Plant freezing injury refers to the severe cooling of overwintering crops and fruit trees when strong cold air erupts southward, resulting in plant death or partial death. Therefore, on the one hand, efforts should be made to improve the ability of winter crops and economic fruit trees to resist low temperature, on the other hand, measures should be taken to prevent the invasion of cold wind and reduce the intensity of cooling.

Extended data:

The outbreak of cold wave has different characteristics in different regional environments: in the northwest desert and loess plateau, there is less wind and snow, which is easy to lead to sandstorm weather; In Inner Mongolia grassland, it is windy, snowy and cold weather; In North China and Huanghuai areas, cold waves are often accompanied by snow. In the northeast, it is characterized by more violent winds and more snow, and the snowfall is the highest in the country; Jiangnan is often accompanied by freezing rain.

It can occur from September to May of the following year, concentrated in March and April, and it occurs in most parts of China.

Baidu encyclopedia-cold wave