What should I pay attention to when the weather is very dry?

In winter, although people like to take hot baths. But the water temperature that is beneficial to the skin is warm water, because hot water will completely wash off the natural oil on the skin, and this natural oil is much more effective than using skin care products to relieve dryness after bathing. ● Generally, bathing in winter should not exceed 15 minutes. ● If you must take a hot bath, use a bath or mild soap as much as possible. After bathing, emollients should be applied to all parts of the body when the skin is not completely dry. Doing so helps the moisturizing ingredients penetrate into the upper layer of the skin. ● When men shave in winter, it is best not to use shaving cream, but to use shampoo instead. ● For those parts of the body that are prone to chapping, it is best to use strong skin care products, such as vaseline. Different from ordinary skin care products, vaseline can "seal" the skin and reduce the evaporation of water, which is very effective in protecting dry skin. ● Use some hand cream that can keep moisture after washing or washing hands. ● At home, there are more exposed places than outdoors. Using humidifier is a good way to solve dry skin. In winter, the skin is troublesome, the skin is easy to itch, the hands and feet are chapped, and frostbite comes to the door. When the northwest wind blows, people's skin will be greatly reduced because of the drop in temperature. Whether it is overt sweating or covert sweating, the secretion of sebaceous glands, the lubricant of human skin, will also be greatly reduced. Except for babies, most people's skin will be dry. At this time, some common skin diseases in winter began to wreak havoc in some people. Many people, especially the elderly, complain that the skin is itchy, dry, scaly and itchy. When you go to the hospital for dermatological treatment, you are often diagnosed as itching in winter or eczema with sebum deficiency. So, why are some people's skin particularly dry in winter? Dry skin is related to skin dehydration, and insufficient skin moisture is related to skin's natural sebum. The lipid on the skin surface is like a coat, which prevents the skin from evaporation and keeps the skin moist. The skin of the elderly is thinner, and the lipid on the surface is also reduced, so the skin naturally appears dry. The cold wind in winter will increase the loss of water and further disturb the lipid balance of epidermis, so drying is inevitable. Itching skin: dry skin is the culprit. Primary skin itching is undoubtedly the most common skin disease in winter. The disease can occur in men, women and children, but it is more common in middle-aged and elderly people, especially the elderly. The patient will itch all over. During the day, due to external interference, they will be distracted and have no time to care about it. At night, the itching is unbearable, and the ants seem to climb all over the body, which is unbearable. If you eat some "hair", or drink wine and coffee, it will itch more. However, when examining the skin, there is no primary rash, only secondary damage such as scratches, scabs or pigmentation caused by scratching can be seen. If it lasts for a long time, tinea versicolor can be secondary. This disease is mainly caused by dry skin. In winter, when we take off our cotton-padded sweaters and trousers, we can often see a lot of tiny dander bouncing off our bodies. In winter, we wear many tight clothes, so that foreign bodies irritate sensitive skin and itching is inevitable. There is also that some people will aggravate itching if they do not handle it properly. For example, hot water washing can temporarily relieve itching, but it will make it more serious. Because hot water is a kind of stimulation to the skin itself, and sebum is removed more, resulting in drier skin. The key to skin itching in winter is that the skin is dry and cold, so it is necessary to maintain a certain humidity indoors. You can put some green potted plants or put a basin of water to increase the air humidity. When taking a bath, the water temperature is about 32℃, so it is not suitable to rub and wash. Too much soap is used to avoid scratches. After bathing, you can apply moisturizing lotion all over your body to keep your skin moist. It is recommended to apply moisturizing cream or moisturizing lotion every day. If necessary, you can also take the first generation of anti-allergic tablets orally to achieve the effect of relieving itching and calming down. Try to eat more foods rich in vitamin A, such as carrots and cabbage, and eat less coffee, cola and hot and sour food. Cleft hands and feet: common in cleaners and housewives. It is also a common skin disease in winter. It is common in people who come into contact with fat-soluble or alkaline substances, such as car mechanics, cleaners, chefs, housewives and so on. The skin of patients' hands and feet is often chapped due to lack of water. In severe cases, chapped skin can reach the deep muscle layer, causing obvious pain and even affecting the activities of hands and feet. Skin lesions from shrinkage to chapping and then to chapping are split in different shades, which are prone to flexion of fingers, heels, soles of toes and feet. The main prevention and treatment method is to apply grease to moisturize the skin before the occurrence of chapped skin in winter. Once chapped, the thick and hard cuticle of chapped epidermis can be thinned, then soaked in hot water for 10 minutes, dried and then coated with 15% urea fat or 10% sulfur salicylic acid ointment. Wear protective gloves when working outdoors in winter. Frostbite: Frostbite generally occurs in children and women. When the temperature is cold, it will start in winter and recover quickly in the spring and summer of the following year. The most common parts are limbs, such as fingers, back of hand, face, auricle, toes and heels. Local congestion and edema erythema with purple-red uplift can be seen in the affected area. The surface is tight and shiny, the local skin temperature decreases, and there is obvious itching in the local area when the ambient temperature is warm. The principles of preventing frostbite are as follows: ● Strengthen physical exercise, promote blood circulation, rub hands and feet frequently, and prevent congestion. ● Pay attention to the dryness and warmth of hands and feet, and wear loose and warm gloves and shoes and socks. ● Frozen parts should not be barbecued by fire or immediately soaked in hot water. In addition, winter is also a good season for ichthyosis and psoriasis, and some skin infectious diseases, such as scabies and lice, are often a good time for personal and environmental hygiene.