The climate in winter is very special. What should people pay attention to? (About health and skin care)

In winter, the temperature is low, the days are short and the nights are long, so human activities are relatively reduced and appetite is increased. Generally, the total diet in winter is one-third higher than that in summer, which is the best season for women to carry out diet therapy. When people enter winter, the physiological function and appetite of the body will change under the influence of cold temperature. In addition, winter is in the off-season of vegetables, and the variety and quantity of vegetables supplied are small. Therefore, there are special requirements for diet and nutrition in winter. The cold temperature in winter can affect the endocrine system of human body and increase the secretion of some hormones such as thyroid hormone and adrenaline, thus accelerating the decomposition of nutrients such as sugar, fat and protein, leading to more heat loss in vitro and weakening human endurance and resistance. First of all, nutrition in winter is mainly to increase heat energy. The increased heat energy should be provided by sugar and fat. Therefore, we should eat enough foods rich in sugar and fat, such as cereals, cooking oil and other fat-rich non-staple foods. In addition, we should always eat meat, fish, eggs, soybeans and bean products, and protein to maintain normal physiological needs. Secondly, the cold in winter also affects the digestion, urinary system and nutrient metabolism of the human body, increasing the consumption of various nutrients to varying degrees. Therefore, we should pay attention to choose foods rich in inorganic salts such as potassium and calcium and vitamins C, B 1, B2, B6, A and nicotinic acid. To ensure the human body's demand for these nutrients. For example, eat more animal viscera, lean meat, fish and eggs, and ensure that there are enough vegetables in the diet to ensure the intake of these nutrients. Our country has the custom of eating Laba porridge on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, which conforms to the nutritional characteristics of winter. In the twelfth lunar month, when the temperature is low, the days are short and the nights are long, people's activities and consumption are reduced, but their appetite is increased. So the twelfth lunar month is a good time to make up your body. Laba porridge is rich in variety and nutrition, which can not only warm the stomach and dispel cold, but also stimulate appetite and nourish the body. Because of the synergistic effect of various components in porridge, and rotten porridge juice is easily digested and absorbed by human body. Therefore, men, women and children are suitable for complementary food. It has the effects of invigorating spleen and qi, nourishing blood and strengthening body, and plays an important role in strengthening body, eliminating diseases and prolonging life. In winter, when it is cold, the human body will converge and hide. At this time, it is necessary to step up nourishing. Generally, in winter, people have a better appetite. This is because the outside temperature is low and the body needs more heat to maintain normal body temperature. In order to strengthen their physique, many people are used to taking some supplements in winter. Such as ginseng, velvet antler, donkey-hide gelatin and astragalus are beneficial to people, but improper use will bring some side effects. Proper food supplement is economical and has no side effects; Winter tonic is to balance the internal environment of the human body through the rising strength of yang in winter, and then adapt to the external climate, thus enhancing the body's disease resistance, which can also get twice the result with half the effort. In the cold winter, many people choose morning exercises to enhance their immunity. However, isn't outdoor fitness the sooner the better? Relevant health experts suggest that outdoor fitness in winter should be carried out after sunrise. It is understood that the ground temperature is low before sunrise in winter, and the content of pollutants such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide released in the air in the morning is high. In addition, harmful pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons and lead in automobile exhaust also gather on the ground. If people get up early to exercise, they will inhale a lot of smoke and toxic gases. Long-term exercise in this environment may lead to fatigue, dizziness, pharyngitis and other diseases, which are harmful to the body. Fitness in winter should be around 10 hour. At this time, the sun shines on the ground after coming out, which makes the atmosphere begin to convection up and down, and the polluted air spreads to the sky, which will reduce the harm to the human body. In addition, the temperature is low in winter morning, and it will not slowly ease until half an hour after the sun comes out. It is best to exercise 3-5 times a week. I wish you health every day! It is best not to go out for a walk in foggy weather to avoid such weather. In addition, for patients who have undergone surgery or lung cancer surgery in the past, we should pay attention, because his department has caused some trauma, and if we do not pay attention to the stimulation of cold air and air pollution, it will aggravate the condition. At the same time, experts also reminded that when the temperature drops too fast, people with poor cold tolerance had better not do morning exercises, because after the temperature drops, some pathogenic microorganisms that cause upper respiratory tract infections become active, and the immunity of the elderly and children decreases, which will also cause upper respiratory tract infections. The stimulation of cold air can also induce angina pectoris. Professor Ma suggested that citizens who like to get up early and do morning exercises can adjust their winter morning exercise time appropriately, choose a relatively fresh air environment or do indoor exercise, and it may be better to change morning exercise to evening exercise. Now some scholars believe that getting up in the morning is not as good as doing exercise in the afternoon or evening. I think it makes sense. Taking exercise in the afternoon and taking a proper walk means doing what you can until you run, jog and relax, which is definitely good for your health. Matters needing attention in winter physical exercise: 1. Not doing some simple physical exercises before physical exercise is conducive to safe and effective physical exercise. Because in the cold winter, due to the cold stimulation, the elasticity and ductility of muscles and ligaments are obviously reduced, and the flexibility of the whole body joints is much worse than that in summer and autumn. If you don't do warm-up exercise before exercise, it is easy to cause muscle ligament strain or joint sprain, which makes the exercise unable to proceed normally. Before exercise, all parts of the body and related areas of various systems are in a state of silence and resistance. Preparing for exercise will make all parts and systems of the body gradually transition from static and resistance to excitement and tension, thus preparing for the body to reach the maximum load through exercise. Second, avoid fog training fog is composed of countless tiny water droplets, which contain a lot of harmful substances such as dust and pathogenic microorganisms. If you exercise in foggy days, due to the increase of breathing volume, you will inevitably inhale more toxic substances, which will affect the supply of oxygen, thus causing chest tightness, dyspnea and other symptoms, and in severe cases, rhinitis, pneumonia, tracheitis, conjunctivitis and other diseases will occur. Humidity is high in foggy days, which affects the posture of the skin and is not conducive to exercise. Third, avoiding exercise means breathing with your mouth. Whether you are exercising or at ordinary times, you should get into the habit of breathing through your nose. Because there is a lot of hair in the nostrils, it can filter the air and protect the trachea and lungs from dust and germs. When exercising in winter, the air temperature is low, and the cold air has been heated and humidified when it passes through the nasal cavity, and then it will not produce strong stimulation when it enters the lungs. Breathing through the mouth makes cold air directly enter the lungs, which produces strong stimulation and causes adverse consequences. Fourth, avoid not paying attention to keeping warm in winter sports, and don't ignore keeping warm, otherwise it will cause a cold. You don't have to take off your clothes at the beginning of exercise, and then gradually take off your clothes when your body is hot, and don't take off your clothes when you are sweating, because your underwear is soaked with sweat at that time, and it is easy to cause a cold when the cold wind blows. Dry your sweat after exercise and put on your clothes immediately to prevent your body from catching cold for more than ten days. Life lies in exercise, and exercise is good for health. But in this special season of winter, how to choose the right fitness time to achieve the purpose of keeping fit?