Five key points of rice seedling raising

After beginning of spring, some areas in the south began to prepare rice seedlings, so I sorted out five key points of rice seedlings and listed them in detail for the reference of netizens.

Five key points of rice seedling raising technology: rice seed treatment

In order to improve the germination rate of rice, the seeds should be dried before sowing, and then 5-6 kilograms of rice seeds should be soaked in 5-6 kilograms of water with100g (2 ml of 25% prochloraz) or15g of chlorhexidine (16% prochloraz cartap).

Five key points of rice seedling raising technology: determining seedling raising period

Heat preservation and seedling raising in dry land. After the temperature is stabilized at 5℃-6℃, the seedlings are raised and sown (the temperature is raised to above 65438+/-02℃ after covering with plastic film and shed film). The seeds of May are not sown in the middle and late April in Heilongjiang Province, and the best sowing date is between April1May-25. The sowing date can also be determined by the number of days from the sowing date. Sow Chinese medicine 30-35 days before sowing, and sow big seedlings 35-40 days before sowing.

Five key points of rice seedling raising technology: water management of seedlings

If the seedlings are raised in dry land, water should be poured once in time when the film is uncovered to prevent the seedlings from dying; Keep the rice seedlings moist before the 3-leaf stage to promote the rapid growth of roots and leaves; After the third leaf stage, the main way is flood control and drought relief, so as not to roll leaves and water, and to rain and dry fields in rainy days. Don't keep the deep water layer for a long time when raising seedlings.

Five key points of rice seedling raising technology: seedling fertilization

If the amount of fertilizer required for dry-raised seedlings at seedling stage is less, topdressing is generally not needed at seedling stage after the seedbed is fully fertilized. However, in the seedling stage of poor fertilization, insufficient base fertilizer and yellowing, it is necessary to apply available nitrogen fertilizer in time, and apply 10 ~ 20kg urea per mu, and water it in time to prevent fertilizer damage. The amount of fertilizer required for hydroponic seedlings is relatively large, and the amount of topdressing is also relatively large, so it is required to evenly spread a small amount of fertilizer in several times to prevent seedlings from burning.

Five keys of rice seedling raising technology: pest control

Before sowing rice, 65438 050ml of 48% chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate and 65438 0kg of 35% phoxim microcapsule granules were applied in the nursery before soil preparation; After rice is sown, 40% phoxim EC100g is used as bait, which is scattered around the rice field in the evening to control underground pests.

In order to prevent and control the damping-off and bacterial wilt of rice seedlings after planting, one of the following two formulas is selected per mu of rice field and sprayed with 50-75 kg of water. Weeding in rice field can be carried out from 2-leaf 1 heart stage to 4-leaf stage, and benzyl is used per mu. 32% Dichlorobensulfuron? 30-40g of quinclorac), 30-40kg of water and spray. Dry the water before application. After 1 ~ 2 days, the water layer is 2 ~ 5 cm in the air and kept for 5 ~ 7 days.

To control pests and diseases, 40 grams of 25% imidacloprid wettable powder, 250 ml or 30 grams of carbendazim, Jiajie (50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid) and Sanfushun (6% albendazole? Carbendazim) 100g, add 50 ~ 75kg of water and spray once every 5 ~ 7 days.

Rice seedling raising technology

1, seedling field selection

Paddy fields require fertile soil, convenient irrigation and drainage, and no salinity. We must resolutely overcome the habit of using ditches, rivers, roadsides and places with poor fertility as paddy fields.

2. Fertilization in seedling field

The fertility of nursery land is the key to cultivate strong seedlings. Should farmyard manure be applied to mu of paddy field? 7 square meters, 50 kilograms of decomposed cake fertilizer. Before the broadcast 3? Apply monoammonium or diammonium 15 to the seedbed for 5 days? 20 kg, ammonium sulfate 30? 40 kg, potassium sulfate 15? 20 kg, 2 kg zinc sulfate. You can also use Wojing brand, Woli brand or Wang Qiang brand rice seedling formula fertilizer 30? 40 kg is sprinkled on the steamed bread, then the soil and fertilizer are mixed evenly with a fine rake, and then sorted and prepared for sowing.

3. Seed soaking and disinfection

In order to improve the germination rate of seeds, the seeds should be dried before sowing. After 3 days, the seeds are selected by wind or mud to achieve full seeds and strong germination potential. In order to eliminate the germs carried by seeds, the seeds should be disinfected after seed selection, and the seeds can be soaked with 5 grams of evil enemy, 5 kilograms of water and 3 kilograms of water. 4 days or use 25% prochloraz 4000 times solution or 80%402 disinfectant 2000? Soak the seeds with 3000 times solution or 4000 times solution 10% seed soaking solution 3? 5 days, killing bacterial blight, rice blast, bakanae disease, nematode disease, etc. Seeding directly after taking out, or accelerating germination after taking out until the chest is white. For varieties of Baixiangjing susceptible to bakanae disease, seed soaking must be done well in order to effectively control bakanae disease. Field control is only a remedial measure, and the effect is not very satisfactory. In the rice stripe disease area, after soaking seeds, 20 grams of 10% imidacloprid per mu was mixed evenly with a small amount of fine soil, and then mixed with seeds for sowing, which could control rice planthoppers.

4, sowing date and sowing amount

Sowing too early or too late is not conducive to cultivating strong seedlings, sowing too early, aging seedlings, less tillering, slow tillering after transplanting, less tillering. Seeding is too late, the seedlings are tender and weak, and slowly turn green after transplanting. According to the existing varieties in our county, rice after wheat should be planted on May 5? The best sowing date is 10, and the seedling age is 35? The area of 40-day seedling field is calculated according to the net seedbed of 45 square meters per mu, which requires 2.5 kilograms of high-quality rice seeds. The sowing amount per mu of seedling field is about 35 kg, and the sowing date is a little later, and the sowing amount is slightly increased.

5. Sowing method

Before broadcast 1? Soak the bed surface with water for 2 days, and carefully prepare the soil to make it muddy and flat. When there is no soil in the seedbed, seeds should be planted carefully. When sowing, half of the seeds should be put into the mud. Do not sow to prevent different sowing depths and uneven seedling emergence. After sowing, flatten the seeds and soil with a shovel. When the manure to be covered can't be wet, cover it with 1: 2 screened decomposed manure, and the thickness of manure is 0.7? 1 cm. This is crucial. It is forbidden to sow in the mud, which is covered with manure. The excrement on the bedspread is dry and breathable, which is very important to promote the rooting of seeds. If the air permeability is poor, the roots are few, the seedlings are weak, and the tillers are few, at the same time, the soil moisture can be preserved and the temperature can be increased, the groundwater rise can be controlled, the salt rise can be inhibited, and the root system can be rooted, so that the purpose of multiple roots and multiple seedlings can be achieved.

6, water topdressing

Drought is dominant before the three-leaf stage, and if malnutrition occurs after the three-leaf stage, it is easy to induce damping off. Two leaves and one heart, weaning fertilizer, 45% formula fertilizer or urea 3? 5 kg, water once; Tillering-promoting fertilizer should be applied when the three leaves are integrated, and urea 10 kg or formula fertilizer 12? 15 kg, watering once to make the seedlings tiller. In the future, as long as the bed surface does not return to alkali or the leaves of seedlings do not roll, it is necessary to reduce the number of watering as much as possible to dry the seedlings, promote root development and improve the quality of seedlings. For the alkali-returned seedbed, the growth of seedlings will be seriously affected. Wash the bed with water, pour the alkali with water, fill it with water in the morning, drain it in the afternoon, and then water it after washing the alkali. Pay attention to the weather forecast at ordinary times, and pay attention to irrigation in case of strong wind and cooling weather to prevent low temperature and chilling injury. Miao 35? Stop water for 40 days to practice seedlings, so that seedling tissues are old and healthy, leaves are upward, and stress resistance is improved.

8, chemical control spraying fertilizer

Chemical control can achieve the goal of Miao Zhuang, more tillers and more roots. Rice has two leaves and one heart, and spraying 15% paclobutrazol 120g per mu. Spraying should be uniform, and spraying should not be missed or repeated, so as to make the seedlings grow consistently. One week before rice transplanting, 5 grams of rooting agent and 15 kilograms of water were sprayed on the leaves to promote the seedlings to take root and grow and elongate rapidly after transplanting.

Matters needing attention before emergence of dry-raised seedlings

Temperature management: in order to ensure early germination, early emergence and full seedling, heat preservation should be done after seedling emergence before seedling emergence in dry land. The measure is to cover the agricultural film and repair the damaged part of the agricultural film in time. Often knock off the dust and snow on the agricultural film to increase the light transmittance of the agricultural film and raise the temperature. When there is a cold wave, cover the film with grass and grass to keep warm.

Water management: insufficient and uneven bed soil moisture will affect seedling emergence and emergence. Therefore, the moisture status of seedbed soil should be checked frequently. If the topsoil is dry and white, it should be replenished in time.