Bu Suanzi·Yong Mei, poetic

The title of this song "Bu Suanzi" is "Yong Mei", which is exactly what Mr. Lianxi (Zhou Dunyi) who only loves the lotus that emerges from the mud but is not stained, and touches the clear ripples without being evil" uses the lotus to describe himself. Similarly, the author also uses plum blossoms as a metaphor for himself.

Lu You once praised plum blossoms as "the flowers become more awe-inspiring when the snow blows and the wind blows, and the integrity of the flowers is the highest" ("Falling Plum Blossoms"). On top of the flowers, but now they are blooming outside the inn in the countryside. The dilapidated "broken bridge" is naturally inaccessible, lonely and cold, so the plum blossoms are much neglected. From this sentence, it can be seen that it is not the plum blossom in the official government. It is not a plum in a famous garden, but a "wild plum" growing in a remote suburb. It does not receive proper care, let alone anyone to appreciate it, and it blooms silently as the seasons change. It fell silently. It was all alone, looking around at a loss - who would take a look at it? It is an ownerless plum. In the sentence "Loneliness blooms without an owner", the poet pours his emotions into the objective scenery. Among them, the first sentence is about scenery, and this sentence is already a love poem.

At dusk, the twilight is hazy, how can this lonely and uncared-for plum blossom bear this desolation? ”——And it’s “sorrowful alone”, which echoes the “loneliness” in the previous sentence. The broken bridge outside the post, twilight, dusk, already lonely and miserable, but the cold wind and rain added to the feeling, making the loneliness even deeper The two words "Gengzhuo" are extremely powerful. The first three sentences seem to describe the plight of plum blossoms to the end, but the second sentence "Gengzhuo wind and rain" is like a heavy hammer that breaks the previous "limit". . This kind of sorrow seems to be unbearable, and the emotional exaggeration has reached its climax. However, even though the environment is so cold, it still "blooms"! It, "Thousands of trees are cold and colorless, but there are only flowers in the south branches" (Daoyuan) It says, "Thousands of flowers dare to emerge from the snow, and only one tree will spring first" (Yang Weizhen). The four sentences above only say that the plum blossom is in a bad situation, and only the word "open" is used for the plum blossom, but its stubbornness and tenacity are over. It is self-explanatory.

The poem above focuses on the difficult situation of plum blossoms, and it does have "sorrow". In terms of artistic techniques, the author did not use the usual metaphors of poets and poets when writing about sadness. Kuang Zhouyi said: "The poems are subtle and distant, and only describe the scenery, but the spirit is at ease and expressive. This is a master." "("Huifeng Cihua") That is to say, the poet describes so many "sceneries" in order to obtain the "magnificence" of plum blossoms: "Those who are good at romance are good at describing scenes" (Tian Tongzhi's "Xipu Ci" ). The four sentences above can be said to be "double painting of scenes". It allows readers to feel the author's mood in a specific environment - sadness! This is really wonderful!

The plum blossoms are the earliest to bloom in the lower palace. "The winter snow has not disappeared" (Zhang said). It ushered in spring. But it "has no intention of struggling for spring." In spring, flowers are in full bloom, competing for beauty and beauty, but plum blossoms do not "fight for spring", and Ling Han takes the lead. , only the sincerity of welcoming the spring, the "bitter" people, working hard and trying their best. From the side, the plum blossoms do not intend to compete. Even if the "qunfang" is "jealous", it is their own business. Let them be jealous. Here, writing about things and people are completely intertwined. The ruthless vegetation and the blooming and falling of flowers are natural phenomena, but they imply that the author's misfortune reveals the secrets of those who live in peace. Shameless behavior. The word "fighting for spring" is a metaphor for human affairs: "jealousy" is not something that can be achieved by plants and trees. These two sentences show Lu You's aloof character and his character and fearlessness that he will never associate with those who seek favors and flattery. The slanderous and self-defeating Ling?

The last few sentences further advance the plum blossom's "uniqueness": "It falls into pieces and becomes dust, but only the fragrance remains the same." This sentence inherits the miserable situation of being left alone, dusk, sunset, wind and rain, etc. The seven words of this sentence are frustrated four times: "falling". Unable to be ravaged by the violent rain and wind, the plum blossoms have withered one after another. This is the first layer. The fallen flowers are lying on the ground, mixed with the mud and water, and it is not clear which is the flower and which is the mud. This is the second level. The word "grind" shows the ruthlessness of the tormentor and the miserable situation of the tormented. This is the third level. Layer. As a result, the plum blossoms were destroyed, trampled and turned into dust. This is the fourth layer. Look, the fate of the plum blossoms is so unbearable that the reader cannot even imagine it. But the author's purpose is not just to write about the tragic experience of plum blossoms and arouse people's sympathy; in terms of writing techniques, it is still foreshadowing and building momentum, in order to infer the meaning of the next sentence. Climb to the highest peak. Although the plum blossoms have withered, been trampled into soil, and crushed into dust, please see, "only the fragrance remains the same", and its "unique" fragrance will always be "the same" and still unyielding. Faced with the threat of being lonely and ownerless, and being invaded by wind and rain, I just try my best and will not change at all. Even if it withers and turns into "dust", it will still "smell as before"

Last sentence. It has the power to carry the tripod, lifting up the whole story and throwing away the desolation, rustiness and sadness of the plum blossoms that were damaged by wind and rain, withered and scattered, and turned into mud. It is the "last sentence". "Imagine the Jin Festival" (Zhuo Renyue's "Ci Tong"). And this "Jin Festival" can be "imagined" precisely because this word successfully uses the metaphorical technique. The author uses plum blossoms to describe himself and describes the natural metabolism of plum blossoms. Own. At this time, the plum blossom has been personified.

"Yong Mei" actually expresses one's thoughts and feelings, which left a very deep impression on us and became a masterpiece of "Yong Mei".

From Song Ci Appreciation Dictionary