Can you understand the romance of the Three Kingdoms?

Although the vigorous peasant uprising at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty was suppressed, it dealt a heavy blow to the rule of the landlord class and made the decadent Eastern Han regime exist in name only. In the process of suppressing the peasant uprising by the Yellow turban insurrectionary, state and county officials monopolized the military and political power, and the landlords and powerful men also organized a trilogy (private armed forces) to occupy the territory, forming separatist forces of all sizes, which evolved into a long-term power struggle and a profit-seeking war and annexed each other, resulting in the tragic scene of "white bones exposed in the wild, thousands of miles without chickens crowing" in the Central Plains. At that time, the separatist forces mainly included Yuan Shao in Hebei, Zhang Yang in Hanoi, Cao Cao in Yu Yan, Lu Bu in Xuzhou, Yuan Shu in Yangzhou, Sun Ce in Jiangdong, Liu Biao in Jingzhou, Gongsun Zan in Youzhou and Zhang Xiu in Nanyang. In the years of these separatist forces, Yuan Shao and Cao Cao gradually developed and expanded.

In the third year of Jian 'an (198), Yuan Shao defeated Gongsun Zan and occupied the land of Qing, You, Ji and Sizhou. In the first year of Jian 'an, Cao Cao took Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty to Xuchang, forming a situation of "holding the emperor to make the princes" and gaining political advantage. In the spring of the second year of Jian 'an (197), Yuan Shu proclaimed himself emperor in Shouchun (now Shouxian County, Anhui Province). Cao Cao attacked and destroyed Yuan Shu in the name of "Feng Zhao can't be a minister". Then destroy Lu Bu and use the infighting of the propaganda department to obtain Hanoi County. From then on, Cao Cao's influence reached Guanzhong in the west and Yanzhou, Henan and Xuzhou in the east, controlling most of the areas south of the Yellow River and north of Huai Han, thus forming a confrontation with Yuan Shao in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Yuan Shao's strength at that time far exceeded that of Cao Cao, so he was naturally unwilling to be under Cao Cao. He is determined to fight against Cao Cao. In June of the fourth year of Jian 'an (199), Yuan Shao selected 65,438+10,000 elite soldiers and fought 10,000 horses in an attempt to attack Xu Changnan, and the battle of Guandu began.

The news of Yuan Shaoju's troops going south reached Xuchang, and Cao Cao thought that Yuan Jun was invincible. However, according to his understanding of Yuan Shao, Cao Cao thought Yuan Shao was ambitious, lacking in courage, despicable and ungrateful, headstrong, too many soldiers to command clearly, and he would be arrogant and have different orders, so he decided to confront Yuan Shao's attack with tens of thousands of troops he could concentrate. In order to win the strategic initiative, he made the following arrangements: he sent elite troops from Langya (now Linyi North, Shandong Province) to Qingzhou, occupied Qi (now Linzi East), Beihai (now Changle, Shandong Province), Dong 'an (now Yishui County, Shandong Province) and other places to contain Yuan Shao, consolidate the right wing and prevent Xuchang from attacking from the east; Cao Cao led his troops into Liyang, Jizhou (now east of Xunxian County, Henan Province, on the north bank of the Yellow River), and ordered him to ban 2,000 troops to guard Yanjin, an important ferry on the south bank of the Yellow River (now north of Yanjin, Henan Province), to assist Ada, the prefect of Dongjun County, to guard Baima (now east of hua county, Henan Province, on the south bank of the Yellow River), to prevent Yuan Jun from crossing the river south, and at the same time set up a base in Guandu (now northeast of Zhongmou, Henan Province) to send people to Judging from the above arrangements, Cao Cao's strategic policy is not to divide his troops to defend the south bank of the Yellow River, but to concentrate his forces, guard key passes and focus on fortifications, and wait for the work before the enemy strikes. Judging from the situation at that time, this deployment was appropriate. First of all, there are more Yuan Shaobing than Cao Cao and Serenade, and there are many places to cross the Yellow River. If we divide our forces to stop the code from going south, it will not only be difficult to stop Yuan Jun from going south, but also make his already inferior forces more dispersed. Secondly, Guandu is located in the upper reaches of the gap and is close to Bianshui. Xiaqu, which connects Hulao Pass, Gongguan and Luoguan in the west and Huaisi Pass in the east, is the barrier between east, west and north of Xuchang. It is an important Tianjin and a battleground for Yuan Shao to capture Xuchang. In addition, Guandu is close to Xuchang, and the logistics supply is more convenient than Yuan Jun. In December of the fourth year of Jian 'an (199), when Cao Cao was deploying to fight against Yuan Shao, Liu Bei rose up against Cao Cao, occupied Pixian County and moved the capital to Peixian County (now Peixian County, Jiangsu Province). Increase to tens of thousands of people, and contact Yuan Shao, intending to jointly attack Cao. Cao Cao defended Xuchang

Contact with Qing and Yanzhou to avoid fighting on both sides. In February of the following year, he personally led a good soldier to crusade against Liu Bei, quickly occupied Pei County, turned to attack Pi, and forced Guan Yu to land. Liu Bei was wiped out and fled to Hebei alone to go to Yuan Shao. When Cao and Liu were fighting fiercely, some people suggested that Yuan Shao "lead the army to attack the rear", but Yuan Shao refused to adopt it on the grounds that his son was ill, which led Cao Cao to defeat Liu Bei calmly and return to Guandu.

In the first month of the fifth year of Jian 'an (200), Yuan Shao wrote to Cao and marched into Liyang in February in an attempt to cross the river and fight the main force. He first sent Yan Liang to attack Ada, the satrap of Baima East County, in an attempt to seize the south bank of the Yellow River and ensure the main force to cross the river. In April, in order to take the initiative, Cao Cao won the first battle and personally led the troops to the north to rescue the white horse. At this time, Xun You, the counselor, thought that Yuan Shaobing had more troops, and suggested a diversion to disperse his troops. First lead troops to Yanjin, cross the river in disguise, and attack the rear of Yuan Yuan, so that Yuan Shaobing can divide his troops and March westward, and then send a light horse to attack Yuan Jun, who is attacking the white horse. By surprise, Yan Liang will be defeated. Cao Cao adopted this suggestion, and Yuan Shao was sure to divide his troops and delay Tianjin. Cao Cao took the opportunity to enlighten the Qing Dynasty and sent Zhang Liao and Guan Yu to the front, eager to become a white horse. Guan Yu quickly approached Yan, Yan Liang was killed and Yuan Jun was defeated. After Cao Cao solved the siege of Baima, the people who migrated to Baima retreated westward along the Yellow River. Yuan Shao led the army to cross the river in pursuit. The army went south to Yanjin, and sent generals Wen Chou and Liu Bei to continue to pursue Jun. Cao Cao had only 600 cavalry at that time, stationed in Nansan (the white horse went south) and Yuan.

The army reached five or six thousand, and infantry followed. Cao Cao ordered the soldiers to untie their saddles and release their horses, deliberately leaving the trench by the roadside. As soon as Yuan Jun saw the recruits, he began to fight for property. Cao Cao suddenly attacked, finally defeated Yuan Jun, killed Wen Chou and returned to Guandu.

Yuan Jun lost the first battle, but his troops still had the upper hand. In July, he marched into Wu Yang (now Zhongmou North, Henan Province) and prepared to attack Xu Changnan. In August, Yuan Jun's main force approached Guandu, and camped in the sand pile, which was about dozens of miles wide from east to west. Cao Cao also camped and confronted Yuan Jun .. In September, Cao Jun once attacked, failed to win, and returned to the camp to hold on. Yuan Shao built a tower and a mountain, and hit Cao Ying with an arrow. Cao Jun built a thundercar to throw stones and destroyed the building built by Yuan Jun .. Yuan Jun dug tunnels to attack again, and Cao Jun also dug a long trench in the camp to resist. After three months of stalemate between the two sides, Cao Cao almost lost the confidence to persist, because of the difficult external environment, the lack of food in the front serenade, the fatigue of the foot soldiers and the instability in the rear. Xun χ χ χ Zheng? What's so funny? Determined to stick to the crisis and strengthen the defense, Ren Jun, who is in charge of logistics supply, was ordered to take 10 road column as one, shorten the distance between the front and back of the convoy, and strengthen the guard with multiple arrays (two arrays) to stop Yuan Jun from attacking; On the other hand, he actively sought and captured fighter planes, defeated Yuan Jun, and quickly sent Huang Xu and Shi Huan to intercept and burn thousands of grain trucks in Yuan Jun, which increased the difficulties of Yuan Jun.

In October of the same year, Yuan Shao sent a car to transport grain, and Chunyu Qiong led the troops with 10,000 escorts, stationed in the old city (in Yanjin County, Henan Province) and Wu Chao (now southeast of Henan Province) about 20 kilometers north of Yuan Jun Daying. Just then, Yuan Shao's counselor Xu You surrendered to Cao Cao and suggested that Cao Cao take his lair lightly and burn its trench. Cao Cao immediately put it into practice, leaving Cao Hong and Xun You to guard the camp, personally led the troops to ride 5,000, falsely used the banner of Yuan Jun, tied the horse's mouth with medals, each took a pile of firewood, and stole the nest by night. Upon arrival, they immediately surrounded and set fire to it. Yuan Shao heard that Cao Cao attacked the Wu Dynasty and made a mistake. He only sent an army to save Wu Chao, and then stormed Cao Jun's camp in Guandu with his main force. I just know that Cao Caoqiang can't attack. When Cao Jun attacked Wu Chaochun in Qiongying, Yuan Shao's reinforcements had arrived. Cao fought to the death, defeated, killed Chunyu Qiong and burned all his food. The news that Wu Chao's grain and grass were burned spread to the front line in Yuan Jun, which shook people's hearts and divided them internally. Cao Jun took advantage of the situation and defeated Yuan Jun .. Yuan Shao returned to Hebei in a panic with 800 riders, and successively annihilated and trapped more than 70,000 Yuan Jun. The battle of Guandu ended in Yuan's defeat.

The battle of Guandu was the key battle for the transformation of Yuan Cao's power. At that time, the northern part of China was divided and unified, which had an extremely important impact on the development of the history of the Three Kingdoms. Cao Jun's victory in this battle was not accidental. Although the dispute over the merger of Yuan and Cao belonged to the struggle between feudal separatist forces, it objectively satisfied the people's desire to achieve regional reunification.

Cao Cao suppressed the strongmen politically and won the support of the small and medium-sized landlord class; "Holding the emperor to make the princes" put him in a favorable political position; Pay attention to recruiting talents and get the support of landlord class intellectuals; Reclaiming farmland economically not only effectively solved the logistics supply, but also stabilized social life to a certain extent and won the hearts of the people. In addition, excellent operational guidance is also an important factor in his victory. According to the specific situation that the enemy is strong and we are weak, Cao Cao adopted the operational policy of taking a step back, waiting for success, and then attacking it. In defensive operations, we can strive for initiative and flexible command from passivity; In the face of crisis, we must be firm and calm; Be good at capturing fighters and implementing them decisively; Be good at listening to the opinions of subordinates, firmly grasp the key link of surprise attack on Wu Chao, and finally win. On the other hand, Yuan Shao indulged the strongmen politically, annexed land and plundered wantonly, so he was opposed by the people. Yuan Shao was divided internally, arrogant and headstrong, unable to adopt the correct suggestions of the Ministry, hesitant and repeatedly missed opportunities. In the end, the grain and grass were burned, the roads in the rear were copied, the morale of the army was shaken, the internal division was broken, and the whole army was wiped out.

Battle of Yiling

During the Three Kingdoms Period in China, Wu Jun defeated the Shu army in Yiling (now Yichang, Hubei). Also known as the Battle of Xiao Ting. In the 24th year of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (2 19), Sun Quan captured Jingzhou, captured and killed Guan Yu, the general of Shu. In the first year of Zhangwu in Shu (22 1), Liu Bei led an army to attack Wu in order to retake Jingzhou and avenge Guan Yu. Sun Quan failed to negotiate, so he made peace with Wei and ordered the general Lu Xun to go to war. Lu Xun, eager to win, decided to let the Shu army go first, and then fight the camera, so that Wu Jun could retreat to Yiling and Xiaoting (now Yidu North, Hubei Province) and occupy favorable terrain. In February of the following year, Liu Bei's army, with the support of the "Wu Lingren" indigenous tribe, successively entered Yiling and Yidu (now Yidu, Hubei Province), and tied for hundreds of miles, with a huge momentum. The Shu army made frequent attacks, but Lu Xun failed to hold on. The two armies were at loggerheads for half a year, until the Shu army was exhausted and demoralized and moved into the jungle to camp because of the hot weather, and Lu Xun began to fight back. Lu Xun attacked the heart with fire, set fire to the camp, blocked the river, guarded Yiling Road, and attacked on all fronts. He held more than 40 camps, and the Shu army "ran out of ships, equipment, water and soldiers for a while, and the remains were stuffed into the river." Liu Bei fled to Baidicheng (now Fengjie East, Sichuan) and died the following year. In the battle of Yiling, Wu Jun retreated to lure the enemy and beat his fatigue, creating a successful example of changing from defense to counterattack. Since then, the national strength has been greatly damaged, and Sun Wu also has the worry of looking north, so he has to continue to unite against Wei.

Liu Yu frowned and looked at Wancheng, which still stood in the distance. Zhuge Liang next to him, his face heavy as water, was silent.

These days, Lu Yu has used almost all kinds of siege methods, such as insults and provocations, wheel wars, and digging tunnels. In addition to the casualties of thousands of soldiers, the wall of Wancheng is still in front of yourself.

Finally, there is only one way, storm. The three-day storm killed nearly ten thousand people, and the walls of Wancheng seemed a little loose. But in exchange for these, it is three times the number of enemy casualties.

Liu Yu can't help sighing in his heart that he can still hold on under such a fierce offensive, which is worthy of being a figure who has made Cao Cao suffer a great loss in history.

Under the city wall, there are broken limbs and arms everywhere, and scattered weapons and broken flags can be seen everywhere.

The cries and killings of the whole day still seem to ring in my ears. As night fell, the soldiers began to clean the battlefield busily, and the sunset shone on them, permeated with a trace of desolation.

Lu Yu holds the latest military newspaper: Cao Cao's 200,000 troops are still two days away from Wancheng.

"Come so fast", Liu Yu's heart is not tight.

He handed Zhuge Liang his military newspaper, and Zhuge Liang frowned. After a while, he said, "We must win Wancheng tonight."

Liu Yu nodded, and Taishi Ci looked at one side with inquiring eyes.

Taishi Ciwei nodded and said, "Leave it to me."

Then Zhuge Liang said, "Let's put all three heavy camps in. Wancheng must be captured tonight, or our army will not be able to get away when Cao Cao arrives. "

Then Liu Yu gave the order and everything began to proceed in an orderly way.

Wancheng

In the darkness, another group of soldiers retreated. Although they invested heavily in infantry, Zhang Xiu seems to have studied him very early. The slow moving speed allows the soldiers on the wall to pour hot oil and boiling water on them calmly.

Taishi Ci, who was standing by directing, couldn't help cursing. He grabbed the ladder in the soldier's hand and rushed out.

At the speed of Taishi Ci, the arrow on the city couldn't hit him at all. Putting the ladder on the wall, Taishi Ci climbed it only three times and flew over the wall.

The moonlight shone on Tian Fang's painted halberd, which drew a semicircle arc and aroused pieces of blood.

Cao Jun soldiers swarmed on the city wall. At this time, no one has other ideas, either you die or I die.

Taishi Ci drew his bow from behind and stuck three cans of arrows in the ground.

As if by magic, a row of arrows were shot from his hand, and four arrows were quickly wound in his hand. Taishi Ci's arrows came from all directions and sealed his throat.

Jun soldiers not far around suddenly rose a chill and hid behind others.

Soon, many soldiers of Liu Beijun climbed the wall from this gap and gathered around Taishi Ci.

Taishi Ci led them to walk while playing, from the city wall has been into the city.

Unexpectedly, Cao Jun was killed by hundreds of people led by him at the city gate. The two armies fought a bloody battle for the control of the city gate.

Finally, Liu Beijun led by Taishi Ci was better. Taishi Ci pried open the big lock on the door with a halberd and opened the door.