Ancient Poetry and Classical Chinese

1. What's the difference between ancient poetry and ancient prose? They are just different from modern prose and poetry.

Not much.

Ancient poetry pays attention to the depth of words and the fluency of sentences, and explains the greatest truth with the least words.

The meaning (what the author wants to express) has no dialogue situation.

Classical Chinese emphasizes the depth of words, but it is shallower than ancient poetry. "Wen" means writing an article.

"Speech" means writing, expressing and recording.

"Classical Chinese", that is, written language, is relative to "spoken language", which is also called "vernacular".

The last word "Wen" refers to works, articles, etc. , which means genre. In ancient times, all articles were written in written language. Therefore, now we generally refer to ancient Chinese as "classical Chinese"

"Classical Chinese" refers to "articles written in written language" which are generally understandable and can have dialogue scenes.

I can understand this in general, and I don't want to read too much.

2. The difference between the original publisher of ancient poetry and classical Chinese: deep gaze.

The differences in literary features between poetic style and ci style are as follows: 1, and the differences in the relationship with music. There are great differences in literary characteristics between poetic style and ci style. Let's illustrate the differences in literary characteristics between metrical poems and ci poems by comparing them. First of all, the relationship between poetry and music is different. China's classical poetry had an indissoluble bond with music from the very beginning, but poetry eventually broke away from music, and only after breaking away from music did it become mature and prosperous. However, Ci originated from the soil of music, and musicality is the most basic feature of Ci-style literature. Even if the Southern Song Ci no longer completely entered the musical aria, but became a new rhythmic poem, it should still be filled according to the rhythm and tune stipulated in the Ci, and the brand of music cannot be erased. 2. Differences in external forms The differences in external forms are manifested in sentence patterns, syntax, rhythm and duality. First of all, from the syntactic point of view, metrical poems are unified, and the length of ancient poems is arbitrary; The sentence patterns of words are uneven, but the uneven aria of words is also stipulated by the meter; Secondly, the syntax of poetry is also very different, the metrical poetic style is relatively fixed, and the rhythm is 23 and 223; The syntax of words is flexible and diverse, and one word provokes people to travel thousands of miles; Third, the rhyme rules of poetry are different. Metric poems only use flat rhymes, rhyme to the end, rhyme every other sentence, and the first sentence can be suppressed or not; The word is flat, the rhyme can be changed in the middle and the rhyme foot can be changed, but it is stipulated by the meter; Finally, the antithesis rules of poetry are quite different. The second couplet and the third couplet of metrical poems must be antithetical, but if they are antithetical, they are much more flexible and have no unified requirements. If the foot is right, it can be right or wrong. "eye-catching" 3. The theme and content of different poems are also very different. Poetry mainly focuses on political themes, with the rise and fall of the country, the sufferings of people's livelihood, ambition and the ups and downs of official career as the main contents, mainly expressing social groups.

3. What's the difference between ancient poetry and classical Chinese? Ancient poetry mainly refers to ancient poems and essays with a long history and rich cultural connotations in China, such as The Book of Songs and Historical Records. As far as China culture is concerned, it is popular to write poems in the Tang Dynasty, such as quatrains (such as Li Bai's "Early Sending Baidicheng") and regular poems (such as Du Fu's "Landing"); Most popular words in the Song Dynasty have tablet names (such as Bodhisattva Man). The famous word in Yuan Dynasty is Qu (such as Guan Hanqing's Yuan), which has many names of tablets and songs.

Classical Chinese is a kind of written language in China, which mainly includes written language based on spoken language in the pre-Qin period. Commonly known as "yes." During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, no articles were invented to record characters, but bamboo slips, silks and other things were used to record characters, and silks were expensive, bamboo slips were huge and the number of words recorded was limited. In order to record more things on a roll of bamboo slips, unimportant words must be deleted. It can be said that "classical Chinese" is the earliest "compressed" format of written records in the world. Later, when "paper" was used on a large scale, the habit of using "official documents" among the ruling classes had been finalized, and the ability to use "classical Chinese" had evolved into a symbol of reading and literacy.

4. The simple difference between ancient poetry and classical Chinese is similar to the difference between modern prose and poetry. Ancient poetry pays attention to the depth of words and the fluency of sentences, and explains the greatest meaning with the least number of words (what the author wants to express). Classical Chinese also pays attention to the depth of words, but it is shallower than ancient poetry. "Wen" means writing an article. "Yan" means writing. "Classical Chinese" is relative to "spoken Chinese", which is also called "vernacular Chinese". The last word "Wen" refers to works, articles, etc. , which means literary genre. In ancient times, all articles were written in written language. So now we generally call ancient Chinese "classical Chinese", which means "written language".

5. Senior middle school students must recite 50 classical Chinese poems, 1. Guan Yu II. Meng 3. Kenzo. Shang Mo sang five songs. Ghost hand Cao Cao 6. Shut the sea and speak of Cao Cao 7. Tao Yuanming, a pastoral home in Guangxi, 8. Send Du Shaofu's "Wang Bo 9" as a book biography. Drink Tao Yuanming 10. Seeing off friends Li Bai 13, Guo Tianxiang 14 at Jingmen Ferry, Du Fu 15 at Caotang, Liu Yuxi 16 in autumn, Du Mu at Chibi 17, Li Bai 18, Guan Tuomai Bai. After Wang Wei 2 1, I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao Kiln to send Li Bai 22, Du Fu 23, on the poem Zhao Yi 24, a song "Snow White Farewell Field-Clerk Wu Comes Home" 25, Wang Wan at the foot of Yibo Beibao Mountain 26, Wang Fu 27, Yellow Crane Tower 28, Xuanzhou Xie [Moon Photo] Building farewell school book Li Bai 29, A Buddhist temple behind the broken mountain temple was built in Chang Jian, and moved to Lan Guan for 30 years to show his grandnephew Xiang Hanyu 3 1, Qian Tang Lake Spring Tour Bai Juyi 32, Notes for Northern Friends on Rainy Nights Li Shangyin 33, Bo Qinhuai Dumai 34, Untitled Li Shangyin 35, Jiangchengzi Mizhou Hunting Song Su Shi 36, Huanxisha Yan Shu 37, Mink singer Su Shi 38, Langtaosha Li Yu 38. Fisherman Ao Fan Zhongyan 40, see Liu Yuxi 4 1, Ji Hai's miscellaneous poem Gong Zizhen 42, Shanpo Yang (Tongguan nostalgia) Zhang 43, Yi Jiangnan Wen Tingjun 44, Bieyunjian 45, Tianjingsha Ma Zhiyuan 46, broken child Xin Qiji 47. Su Shi in Huanxisha 48, Li Qingzhao in Drunk Flowers 49, Wang Anshi in Laifeng, Deng Fei 50.

A beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman. Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right.

A beautiful and virtuous woman wakes up to pursue her. If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day.

Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again. Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right.

A beautiful and virtuous woman came to her with a couple and a couple. Shepherd's purse staggered left and right.

A beautiful and virtuous woman rings the bell to please her. 2. I don't have a good media.

There is no anger in the child, and autumn lasts. Take the other side of the wall to get back to the customs.

I didn't see the resumption of customs, so I cried. Seeing the resumption of GATT, I was full of laughter and laughter.

Well, Parr, the body is not responsible. Driving your car to bribe me to move.

Mulberry leaves flourish before they fall. There are no mulberries in the nest! I'm a woman, what's there to worry about! It can be said that scholars are worried.

You can't say a woman is worried. Mulberry fell, yellow, and fell.

Self-pity, poor three years old. Qishui soup, curtain skirt.

Women are unhappy, and scholars do their best. Scholars are also extremely useless.

Three years old, I am a woman, I am tired; Sleepless all night, there must be a dynasty. As for violence, what you say must be done.

My brother didn't know, but he smiled. Calm down and think about it, and you will bow your head and feel sorry for yourself.

Being together always makes me complain. Qi has a shore and discipline has a plate.

General's corner banquet, talking and laughing. Swear, forget it.

On the contrary, I don't think about it. I'm already embarrassed! 3. The Millennium is frost. The so-called Iraqis are on the water side.

Tracing back from it, the road resistance is long; Swim back from it, in the middle of the water The Millennium is not (1).

The so-called Iraqis are in the water. (1): It's sunset and cloudy, and the road is blocked and embarrassing; Swim back from the inside and swim in the water.

The harvest party is endless for thousands of years, and the so-called Iraqis are in the water. ②: Yiyi, the sound is four, and the water edge is traced back from this, and the road is blocked to the right; Swim back from the inside and swim in the water.

③: Stop, stop, there is a small beach in the water. 4. Abandon your hometown on strangers. Leave the house.

A guest from an army far away from Wan Li. Wear thorns.

Seeking architecture. Take someone's side.

Railway administration. Tiger and leopard move.

A chicken frightened the birds and lost them. This song is in harmony with each other.

Climb Nanshan. Why jump on a rock?

The trees are thick and dark. Absinthe.

Shade the pine and cypress. Tears on the pillow.

Traveling with you alone. A little bit a day.

Gloomy and self-pity. Regret each other.

5, although the tortoise lives long, although the tortoise lives long, it has a time. The snake rides the fog and eventually turns to dust.

The old horse crouches, aiming at thousands of miles; The martyrs were full of courage in their later years. The surplus and contraction period is not only in the sky; Blessings that nourish grace can last forever.

Fortunately, even! Sing with ambition. 6. Look at the sea, look at the eastern Jieshi, look at the sea.

The sea is so vast that the islands stand high on the sea. Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging.

The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean. A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise.

Fortunately, even! Sing with ambition. 7. Guiyuan lives at the foot of the south mountain where Tao Yuanming planted beans, and the grass is full of bean seedlings.

Get up early in the morning to get rid of weeds, and come back with hoes in the moonlight at night. The narrow path covered with vegetation, the night dew wet my clothes.

It's not a pity to get wet, but I hope it won't be against my will. 8. Sent to Shu, around the three realms of Qin, through the fog.

We said goodbye sadly, and our two officials went in opposite directions. After all, the world is just a small place.

Why are you wandering at the fork in the road? The child is holding a towel. 9, drinking Tao Yuanming to build a house is under human conditions, and there are no horses and chariots.

What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered. Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely see Nanshan; The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back.

That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say. 10, Mulan poetry is clear and clear, and Mulan is woven by households.

I can't hear the loom, but I hear the woman sigh. Ask a woman what she thinks and what she remembers.

Women have nothing to think about, and women have nothing to remember. Last night, I saw the military post, and Khan ordered more soldiers. The military books have 12 volumes, all with the names of lords.

Grandpa has no eldest son, Mulan has no big brother, and she is willing to be a pommel horse, so she will sign for him from now on. Buy horses in the east, saddles in the west, reins in the south and whip in the north.

When I said goodbye to my parents, I was by the Yellow River at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard the Yellow River splashing. Say goodbye to the Yellow River and go to Montenegro at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard Yanshan Hu riding a horse.

Wan Li to Rongji, the mountain is flying. The breath of the new moon is golden, and the cold light is iron.

The general died in battle, and the strong man returned in ten years. See you later, the son of heaven is sitting in the hall.

Policy 12 turn, before reward 100. Khan asked him what he wanted, and Mulan didn't need Shang Shulang; I am willing to send my son back to his hometown.

Hearing the news of my daughter, I went out to help Guo; As soon as Sister A heard that Sister Mei was coming, she had to cut her red makeup. When I heard my sister coming, I sharpened my knife at pigs and sheep. Open my East Pavilion door, sit on my West Pavilion bed, take off my wartime robe, wear my old clothes, arrange clouds and temples as windows, and apply decals to the mirror.

When I went out to meet the fire companions, I was both surprised and busy: I spent twelve years together, but I didn't know Mulan was a girl. Male rabbits have messy feet and female rabbits have blurred eyes; When two rabbits walk side by side, can I tell if I am a male or a female? 165438+

There is no way to go because of the winding water flow in the mountains, and a mountain village suddenly appears in the willow-green flower bay. Xiao Gu followed the Spring Club and dressed simply and quaint.

In the future, if you can go out in the moonlight, I will knock on your door at any time with my cane. 12, outside Jingmen, Li Baidu, bid farewell to friends at Jingmen Ferry, and soon you will be with southerners.

At the end of the mountain range and the beginning of the plain, the river winds through the wilderness. The moon rises like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like palaces.

The water brings you the feeling of home and makes your boat travel 300 miles. 13, Wen Tianxiang had a hard time after crossing Lingdingyang, and the war was sparse.

The mountains and rivers are broken and the clouds are surging.

6. All the ancient poems and classical Chinese necessary for the senior high school entrance examination. Middle school students must recite ancient poems in the seventh grade (1). Recite ancient poems in class and watch the sea (Cao Cao? Eastern Han Dynasty) faces Jieshi to see the sea in the east.

The sea is so vast that the islands stand high on the sea. Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging.

The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean. A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise.

I am glad to use this poem to express my inner desire. The next berth on Beibao Mountain (Wang Wan? At the foot of the blue mountain, my boat and I meandered along the green water.

Until the river bank widens at low tide, and no wind blows my lonely sail. ... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness.

Finally, I can send my messenger, Wild Goose, back to Luoyang. Qiantang Lake Spring Tour (Bai Juyi? The Gushan Temple is located in the north of Jiating West, with a low initial water level.

Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests. Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.

I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar. Xijiangyue (Xin Qiji? The bright moon surprises magpies, and the breeze chirps in the middle of the night.

The cool evening breeze seems to have spread to cicadas in the distance. In the fragrance of rice and flowers, people talk about the harvest of a year, and frogs croak in their ears, as if in a bumper harvest year.

In the old days, Maodian was near the forest, and the road turned to Xitou. Tianjingsha? Qiu Si (Ma Zhiyuan? Yuan) Dead vines and old trees faint crows, small bridges and flowing water, old roads and thin horses.

When the sun sets, heartbroken people are at the end of the world. (2) Ancient poem at the back of the class Although the tortoise is born (Cao Cao), although the tortoise is born, there are still moments.

A poisonous snake flew in the fog and was finally covered with dust. The old horse lurks, aiming at a thousand miles.

The martyrs were full of courage in their later years. The surplus and contraction period is not only in the sky; Blessings that nourish grace can last forever.

I am glad to use this poem to express my inner desire. Passing through the old village (Meng Haoran? Don) Prepare chicken and rice for me, old friend. You entertain me on your farm.

Green Woods surround the village and green hills are located outside the city. Open the window facing the valley vegetable garden and pass the glass to talk about crops.

Please come here to see chrysanthemums when the ninth festival comes. A Buddhist retreat behind the broken mountain temple (often built? On a pure morning, near the ancient temple, the early sunshine points to the treetops.

A winding path leads to a hidden place, and the Buddhist temple is surrounded by branches and flowers. Here, birds live in the mountain light, and people's hearts feel quiet in the pond.

All is silent here, but the bell is ringing. I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao kiln and gave this (Li Bai? Tang) is full, Wendaolong crosses five streams.

I entrust my sad thoughts to the moon, hoping to accompany you to the west of Yelang. A note to a friend in the north on a rainy night (Li Shangyin? Don) You asked about the untimely return date, and the rain rose in the autumn pool at night.

When * * * cut the candle at the west window, but talk about the rain at night. Bo Qinhuai (Du Mu? The smoke cage is full of sand in the cold moon and near Qinhuai restaurant at night.

Businessmen and women don't know enough to hate national subjugation, but they still cross the river singing flowers. Huanxisha (Yan Wei? A new word, a glass of wine.

The weather was bad last year. When will the sunset come back? There is nothing to do, flowers bloom and fall, and it seems familiar that Yan returns.

Wandering alone in the small garden, fragrant path. Song Yuanchen Cooking Paint Shop (Yang Wanli? In the Southern Song Dynasty, Mo Yan had no difficulty going down the mountain and won the favor of pedestrians. When you enter the circle of high mountains, as soon as you climb one mountain, another mountain will stop you immediately.

Like a dream (Li Qingzhao? I often think of the sunset in Xiting, and I don't know my way home when I am intoxicated. Always had a good time, but lost to the swimming pool deep in Zhu Feng.

How to row a boat out, accidentally, but scared a group of Oulu. Reading experience (Zhu? When the square pond of half an acre is opened, the sky is high and the clouds are light.

Why is the water in the pond so clear? Because there is inexhaustible living water for it. The second volume of grade seven (1). The ancient poem "Mulan" (a folk song of the Northern Dynasties) in the class is chirping, and Mulan Weaver is at home.

I can't hear the loom, but I hear the woman sigh. Ask a woman what she thinks and what she remembers.

Women have nothing to think about, and women have nothing to remember. Last night, I saw the military post, and Khan ordered more soldiers. The military books have 12 volumes, all with the names of lords.

Grandpa has no eldest son, Mulan has no big brother, and she is willing to be a pommel horse, so she will sign for him from now on. Buy horses in the east, saddles in the west, reins in the south and whip in the north.

When I said goodbye to my parents, I was by the Yellow River at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard the Yellow River splashing. Say goodbye to the Yellow River and go to Montenegro at dusk. I didn't hear my parents calling for a female voice, but I heard Yanshan Hu riding a horse.

Wan Li to Rongji, the mountain is flying. The breath of the new moon is golden, and the cold light is iron.

The general died in battle, and the strong man returned in ten years. See you later, the son of heaven is sitting in the hall.

Policy 12 turn, before reward 100. Khan asked him what he wanted, and Mulan didn't need Shang Shulang; I am willing to send my son back to his hometown.

Hearing the news of my daughter, I went out to help Guo; As soon as Sister A heard that Sister Mei was coming, she had to cut her red makeup. When I heard my sister coming, I sharpened my knife at pigs and sheep. Open my East Pavilion door, sit on my West Pavilion bed, take off my wartime robe, wear my old clothes, arrange clouds and temples as windows, and apply decals to the mirror.

When I went out to meet the fire companions, I was both surprised and busy: I spent twelve years together, but I didn't know Mulan was a girl. Male rabbits have messy feet and female rabbits have blurred eyes; When two rabbits walk side by side, can I tell if I am a male or a female? (2), poetry reading after class in the mountains (Wu Jun? In the Southern Dynasties, you could see smoke in the mountains and sunset in the bamboo.

Birds fly happily to the eaves and white clouds float out of the window. Zhuliguan (Wang Wei? I leaned alone in the dense bamboo, playing the pipa and humming a song.

It's too light for anyone to hear, except my partner, Mingyue. Emei Mountain Moon Song (Li Bai) In the first half of the autumn, the Pingqiang River is reflected.

In the evening, Qingxi went to the Three Gorges, but the four gentlemen did not see Yuzhou. One spring night in Los Angeles, I heard the flute (Li Bai). The sound of the flute fluttered in the dark, and the spring breeze filled Los Angeles.

In this nocturne, the willow is broken, and no one can afford to be homesick. After meeting an envoy to the capital (Cen Can? Tang) Laoyuan East Road is long, and the tears of the double-sleeved dragon bell are not dry.

I'll meet you immediately, without paper and pen. Please tell my family that I'm safe. Chuzhou (Wei? Tang) was born near Youcaoxi, and orioles sang in the trees.

The spring tide brought the rain late and urgent, and there was no boat on the wild crossing. "Meet the River" (Du Fu) is a common occurrence in Qi Wang's family, but Cui has heard it several times before.

Never thought, in this Jiangnan scenic area; It is the season of falling flowers, and I can meet you, an old acquaintance. Master Che Ling (Liu Changqing? From the temple, in the depths of its tender bamboo, came the low sound of dusk bells.

The sunset with a hat gradually returned to Qingshan. Appointment (Zhao Shixiu? It rained at home in Huangmei in the Southern Song Dynasty, and frogs were everywhere in the grass pond.

It's past midnight, and the invited guests haven't come yet. I tapped the chess pieces bored and shook the wick of an oil lamp. On Poetry (Zhao Yi? Du Li's poems are widely circulated, but they are not new so far.

Talented people come out of the country, and every leader has been working for hundreds of years. 3. 8th grade I (1). How majestic Mount Tai is the ancient poem Wang Yue (Du Fu) in class! ? Out of Qilu, green peaks can still be seen.

The magical nature brings together thousands of beautiful mountains in the south and the separation between morning and dusk in the north. Layers of white clouds, cleaning the gully on the chest; The flat bird flew into the eye socket.

Try to climb to the top of the mountain: it dwarfs all the peaks under our feet. Wang Chun (Du Fu) is a leopard cannot change his spots.

Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate. The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold.

Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin. Shi Hao officials (Du Fu) threw themselves into Shihao Village at dusk, and some officials arrested people at night.

The old man climbed over the wall and left, while the old woman went out to watch. Why are officials angry? Why do women cry? Before listening to his wife's speech: three men are guarding Yecheng.

One person attaches a book, and two people fight a new battle.