How to raise Tenebrio molitor?

(1) The most important thing to raise Tenebrio molitor is to have insect species. Adult larvae, pupae and adults can all be insect species. When selecting seed insects, we should carefully remove pests and diseases, so that each insect stage can reproduce synchronously and achieve purification and rejuvenation. After buying adult larvae, feed them in a wooden tray filled with wheat bran and add fresh vegetables.

If you buy pupae, every 0.5 kg of pupae should be placed in a sieve tray filled with wheat bran, and then placed in a wooden tray filled with feed, numbered and put on the shelves. Pay attention to removing dead pupae when eclosion. If you buy an adult, put it in a sieve tray filled with feed, screen out the adult, change the tray every 7 days, mix the screened feed with the eggs, and then continue to hatch in a wooden tray. After careful selection and feeding, insects at each stage can be used for reproduction. However, the larvae are preferably seed insects, which is also convenient for transportation. (2) Feed The main feed of Tenebrio molitor is wheat bran, which can also be supplemented by wheat bran and broken straw (corn flour is too fine to be used as Tenebrio molitor feed, and corn husk can also be used). Vegetables are mainly green leafy vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, radish and potato, which are used to supplement vitamins, trace elements and water demand. In order to purify and rejuvenate the population and accelerate reproductive growth, a small amount of glucose powder and fish meal can also be added to the feed. Every 0.5 kg of Tenebrio molitor can eat 1.5 kg of wheat bran and 3 kg of vegetables in a generation cycle. (3) Equipment 1, breeding Tenebrio molitor must have a breeding room, lighting and ventilation, and heating and insulation facilities in winter. The size of the feeding house depends on the number of Tenebrio molitor. Under normal circumstances, a room of 20 square meters can support 300-500 trays. 2. wooden pallet, who raises Tenebrio molitor, is made into a drawer-type wooden pallet, which is generally rectangular, with specifications of 50 cm ×40 cm × 6-8 cm and thickness of 1.5 cm. Bottom nail fiberboard. Screen tray: it is also rectangular. To put it in wooden pallet, the specification is 45cm× 35cm× 6cm, the thickness is 1.5cm, the bottom of the sieve tray is made of 12 mesh barbed wire and nailed with plywood. The wood for making the feeding tray is preferably soft miscellaneous wood, and there is no peculiar smell. In order to prevent insects from crawling out, plastic strips should be attached to the four frames of the feeding tray. 3, put the wooden frame of the feeding board, according to the amount of feeding and the number of feeding boards, make a wooden frame, and use the square wood to connect and fix the wooden frame to prevent skew or dumping, so that the feeding board can be neatly placed on the shelf. 4, sieve plate, sieve. With several kinds of iron nets with different thicknesses as the bottom, 12 mesh large holes can be used to sieve eggs as sieve plates. 65,438+0-2 sieve can be used for those with 30 meshes and 30 holes, and 65,438+0-2 sieve can be used for those with 60 meshes and small holes, and rice can be used to screen the insect droppings of larvae. 5. Internal requirements of feeding room. The temperature should be kept between 65438 05℃ and 25℃ in winter and summer. If the temperature is lower than 10℃, insects will not eat or grow. If the temperature is higher than 38℃, insects will be burned to death. The humidity should be kept between 60-70%, the ground should not be too wet, and it is necessary to keep warm in winter. If you don't raise it in winter, you can collect it for the winter, ventilate it in summer, and equip the room with a thermometer. Thirdly, the feeding techniques of Tenebrio molitor were described according to the order of each insect state. (1) In the adult stage, the healthy and fat pupae just transformed from the fast-growing and fat old larva tray are gently taken by hand and put into the pupa tray, which is a 12 mesh sieve tray. The operation steps are as follows: evenly put the worm disc into the wheat bran with a thickness of 1 cm, and then put it into the pupa disc with a thickness of 12 months. Then evenly add the wheat bran with the thickness of 1 cm, and then add the picked pupae. When selecting pupae, don't pinch them hard or throw them away, so as to avoid damage inside and outside the pupae. At present, the method of picking pupae is only by hand, without tweezers and chopsticks. Pick pupae in time to prevent being bitten by insects. Put a thin layer of pupa on each pupa tray. Pupae can't be piled up in a thick layer, squeezed, turned over or beaten. Wash the pupa before picking it, so as not to damage the pupa by chemical contact. When feeding, the pupa tray can be put away alternately horizontally and vertically, which is convenient for management. The eclosion temperature of pupae should be controlled at 25℃-30℃, and the relative humidity of air should be controlled at 60%-70%. After about 6-8 days, more than 90% of pupae eclosion into adults. The newly emerged adult is very immature and inactive. About 5 days later, the body became dark and COLEOPTERA became hard. Male and female adult populations usually mate in the dark and have a long mating time. When laying eggs, the tail of the female insect is inserted into the sieve hole to produce. Tenebrio molitor is an insect that has mated and laid eggs many times in its life. Each female adult lays 3-5 eggs at a time, and one egg lays 50-350 eggs, with a life span of 30-80 days. We should operate according to the actual situation. Don't stir at will when laying eggs. When a layer of eggs is attached to the bottom of the sieve tray, the tray can be replaced. At this time, after screening the eggs, put them in another dish with feed, take out the dead worms, add feed, and replace the egg dish every 3-7 days. Because adults in spawning period need a lot of nutrition and water, it is necessary to supplement wheat bran and vegetables in time or some fish meal. If the nutrition is insufficient, adults will bite each other and cause losses. The room temperature is controlled at 25℃-30℃, the relative humidity of air is 60℃-70℃, and the indoor dark light and weak light are better. At first, the outer wing of the adult changed from white to soft, and gradually changed from yellow to black to hard, and from weak to strong. In the meantime, there is no need to feed. During the adult reproduction period, some adults die after reproduction, which belongs to natural death. When a large number of dead adults are bitten into empty shells by live insects for a period of time, pull out the dead insects with a dustpan. In the adult stage, it is necessary to prevent adults from escaping, and often check them to find out the reasons for their escape. If you run away and come into contact with the eggs, you will eat the eggs you laid, causing serious losses. At the same time, prevent high temperature and natural enemies. When the room temperature is higher than 35℃, the amount of eggs laid by adults is obviously reduced, which makes them restless. In order to improve the utilization rate, hatching rate and survival rate, adults with too many dead insects and few eggs can also be eliminated and fed as bait. Appropriate temperature and humidity should be controlled in the insect breeding room, and ventilation should be used to cool down in summer. It is warm and humid in winter, the indoor temperature is lower than 15℃, and there are few eggs. Below 10℃, adults are inactive and freeze to death below 0℃. The low relative humidity of air in winter has a great influence on the survival and reproduction of adults. Humidification is an important link. (2) During the incubation period, adults lay eggs in a wooden tray filled with feed, and then the replaced wooden tray filled with eggs is placed on a shelf or horizontally and vertically to naturally hatch, so that the larvae naturally hatch. Observe carefully and don't turn it over to prevent damage to eggs or larvae in the incubation center. It takes more than a week to hatch in the adult room under the same conditions. When larval skin appeared on the feed surface, 1 year-old worms were born. (3) The period from egg hatching to pupation of larvae is called larval stage, and larvae of all ages are the best feed for Rana chensinensis in China. At present, the purpose of raising Tenebrio molitor is to obtain older larvae as special feed. Therefore, the management of larvae is very important. Feeding wheat bran and vegetables at 20℃-30℃ and air relative humidity of 50%-60%, the larval stage is about 100 days (80- 180 days). After the molitor molitor eggs hatch for 7-9 days, the eggshell is drilled from the head, with a body length of about 2 cm. After eating part of the eggshell, climb into the bran of the incubator and feed on the bran. When it grows to 4-5 mm, its body color turns pale yellow. After stopping eating 1-2 days, molting for the first time. After molting, the body turns white and pale yellow in about 2 days. After molting for 8- 10 days, it gradually grows up. The average weight of 2-year-old worms is about 0.03-0.05 when they molt for one year at a time. Under normal management, each plate should be guaranteed to be 654.38+100000. Although small insects consume less materials, it should be enough to avoid eating eggs or small larvae. Vegetable leaves are often scattered on the surface of bran, and glucose powder water can also be sprayed on the surface of bran to adjust the humidity. The optimum feeding temperature is 25℃-28℃ and the relative humidity of air is about 65%. After eating bran, it will turn into tiny insect dung. When there is a lot of insect manure accumulation, it should be screened out and screened with a 60-mesh sieve. After screening, new bran and vegetables can be added for normal feeding. If there are many insects, you can divide them into two plates. It should be noted that when the insect population is large, the feed temperature will rise due to the heat generated by insect movement. If the indoor air temperature is 30℃ and the feed temperature in the dish is likely to be 36℃-38℃, the larvae will die because of the high temperature. When the larvae are 3-4 years old, they grow faster, consume more substances and excrete more feces. Body length 10-20 mm, body width about 1 mm -2 mm, and average individual weight about 0.07 g -0. 15 g ... This period is very easy to manage and feed bran and vegetables every day. At this time, the daily feeding amount of chaff vegetables is about 10% of the larval weight, which should be flexibly controlled according to environmental conditions. At this time, the manure should be sieved once every 10- 15 days and sieved with a 30-mesh sieve. Then add new feed. If there are a lot of bugs, you should also pay attention to the separation of plates when screening bugs. After 2-3 months of normal management, it became an older larva. At this time, it eats more food, grows faster and excretes more feces. When the larva is 22 mm-32 mm long, its weight is the largest (0. 15-0.20 g). At this time, older larvae are also the best time to be live bait. It is very important to do a good job in feeding and managing older larvae for obtaining a large number of high-quality pupae. It is also very critical.

Feed bran and vegetables every day at this time. Vegetables should not be too wet, and the dosage should not be too much. If the insect tray is too wet, insects will die of water and heat. If older larvae gradually become pupae, they should be picked out to prevent them from eating pupae. At the same time pay attention to the escape of larvae. (4) The pupal larvae pupate on the feed surface, and the older larvae climb to the feed surface before pupation. After the worm is still, it slowly expands and contracts, and it can be pupated in the last molting process, and it can be pupated in a few seconds. The pupa is motionless on the surface, but the organs in the body are undergoing great changes and are also sensitive to external environmental conditions. It is necessary to maintain an appropriate temperature of 25℃-30℃ and a relative humidity of 65% of the air, ensure hygiene, and prohibit smoking, pesticides and chemicals. Do not turn or squeeze the pupa. Pick pupae in time to avoid being bitten by larvae. Feed the adults in time to prevent them from biting the emerging pupae. Rats, ants and other pests should be prevented in the pupal stage. Some pupae are infected by virus in the process of pupation, and become dead pupae after pupation, which needs frequent inspection. It was found that this situation was disinfected by spraying space with 0.3× 10ˉ6 bleaching powder solution, and the dead pupae were picked out and treated in time. Fourth, disease control 1, soft rot this disease mostly occurs in the rainy season. After the onset, the larvae move slowly, their appetite drops, their feces are thin and clear, and finally they turn black and die. The causes of the disease are humid indoor air, high stocking density, removal of feces, excessive force during transportation and insect injury. When soft worms are found, dead worms should be taken out in time, green materials should be parked, residual food should be cleaned up, and indoor humidity should be adjusted. 0.25g of chlorotoxin or chlortetracycline was mixed with 250g of wheat bran and fed. 2. After the trunk is sick, the tail and head are dry, and it develops to the whole body and dies. The reason is that the air is too dry and the feed is too dry. Especially in winter, the air is dry. Pupa is most afraid of dryness, low humidity and easy to die. The prevention and control measures are to feed vegetables in time in the dry air season, sprinkle water on the ground and steam, and set a basin to cool and humidify. The problem of bran saves the cost and improves the economic benefit.