Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather inquiry - Why do Apple, Huawei and Tencent have to build their data centers in Guizhou? What are the benefits?

Why do Apple, Huawei and Tencent have to build their data centers in Guizhou? What are the benefits?

In the last two years, big data has been very popular. Together with big data, it is Guizhou Province. The Big Data Summit held in Guiyang every year attracts business leaders from all over the world.

At present, many well-known enterprises have built big data centers in Guiyang or plan to build big data centers in Guizhou, such as the electronic industry information park in Gui 'an New District. At present, there are nearly 300 data projects including Dell, Google, Alibaba, Tencent, Baidu, JD.COM and Huawei.

At present, Guizhou is the first national big data comprehensive experimental area. There are more than 9,000 big data enterprises in Guizhou, with an output value exceeding 1 1000 billion yuan, and tens of thousands of related talents flow in every year.

So what is the charm of Guizhou, and why can it attract so many well-known enterprises to build big data centers in Guizhou and become one of the important bases of big data centers? There are several main reasons for this:

Guizhou's geographical environment is very suitable for building a big data center. This advantage is mainly reflected in the following aspects.

(1) Climate advantage. Guizhou lies between 24 and 29 degrees north latitude, and Guiyang is also a famous summer resort. There is no cold in winter and no heat in summer. The average temperature is about 25℃ in summer and 9℃ in winter. The temperature difference is small. This climate is very conducive to the maintenance of the server and reduces the energy consumption of the server.

(2) Guizhou is located in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with karst landforms, and less geological disasters such as typhoons, earthquakes and mudslides, which is conducive to the stability of big data centers.

(3) There are many caves in Guizhou with constant temperature and humidity, which are very suitable for building big data centers, so many big data centers are directly built in caves in Guizhou Province.

As we all know, the big data center is an electric tiger. The operating cost of big data center mainly includes computer room electricity fee, broadband fee, computer room construction and amortization, labor cost and computer room rent, of which computer room electricity fee accounts for about half of the total cost.

An organization in the United States did a survey before and found that the power consumption of a data center exceeded that of a medium-sized town in the United States. For example, Google's global data center consumes 300 million watts of electricity, more than 30,000 American households.

Because of this, the biggest cost of building a big data center is electricity, and it must be rich in power resources in the region. At present, Guizhou is rich in electric power resources. In the provincial power generation ranking of 20 18, Guizhou ranks 15, and the power generation is not very high, but this power generation is still relatively rich relative to Guizhou's economic volume, so a lot of power in Guizhou is transmitted to other provinces.

In addition to abundant power resources, the electricity price in Guizhou is also very cheap. In order to attract major data centers to invest in Guizhou, the local government in Guizhou has given a relatively favorable electricity price policy by coordinating the power grid, with the lowest price reaching 0.35 yuan per kWh. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the average electricity price of major data centers in China is 0.87 yuan/kWh, while the electricity price in coastal areas is as high as 1.5 yuan/kWh, which is equivalent to half of the current electricity price in Guizhou.

There are many reasons that affect the layout of big data centers, one of which is land. Because a big data center is not as simple as a computer room, just 1 building can solve the problem, and a big data center needs a very large area.

For example, Tencent Gui 'an Qixing Green Data Center is located in Gui 'an New District, Guizhou Province, with a total area of about 770 mu and a tunnel area of over 30,000 square meters. If this big data center is built in Shenzhen, according to the average land price 1 1,000 yuan/square meter, the land cost alone will be about 5 billion. As an underdeveloped area, Guizhou's current economy is not very developed, so the land cost is relatively low, and the price of this 770 mu of land is estimated to be several hundred million, which can greatly save the construction cost of the big data center.

In recent years, big data business in Guizhou has developed rapidly. In addition to the importance of national policies, the preferential policies issued by local governments in Guizhou are also one of the important reasons for attracting major enterprises to settle down.

A few years ago, Guizhou Province issued relevant documents to strongly support the development of big data center industry. This policy support is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1, tax incentives.

For example, for a big data enterprise with an investment of 6,543,800 yuan or more, within 3 years from the date when the enterprise is put into production, the incremental part of the tax paid by the enterprise below the provincial level will be fully supplemented by the city and county governments where the enterprise is located;

If it is put into production for more than 3 years and less than 5 years, it will be supported by half. Big data enterprises that meet the national preferential tax policies can enjoy the preferential treatment of exemption from enterprise income tax from the first year to the second year, and halving the enterprise income tax at the statutory tax rate of 25% from the third year to the fifth year.

2. Subsidy policy

In order to reduce the cost of enterprises, Guizhou Province also subsidizes broadband fees for big data enterprises. The broadband rental fee for big data enterprises is subsidized by the local city and county governments by 50%, and the annual subsidy for each enterprise does not exceed 500,000 yuan, and the subsidy period can be 3 years.

In addition, financially, Guizhou Province has integrated Guiyang City and Gui 'an New District and set up special funds for the development of big data industry. For three consecutive years from 20 14, no less than 6,543.8+billion yuan will be arranged every year to support the development of big data industry.

3. Talent policy

Big data itself is a high-tech industry and cannot be separated from talents. In order to attract more people to live and work in Guizhou, Guizhou Province has introduced many preferential policies for talents.

First, the implementation of the "100 million talents introduction" plan encourages talents in the big data industry to start businesses in Guizhou, and those who are recognized as high-level talents in big data enterprises can enjoy relevant preferential policies. This talent policy is mainly reflected in the following three aspects.

The second is to send "red envelopes" to employees of big data companies in terms of taxation and house purchase. For employees of big data enterprises who have worked in Guizhou for more than 1 year and paid personal income tax of 30,000 yuan or more annually, they will be rewarded with 90% in the first year of 1-5 and 60% in the sixth year of10. If senior executives and core technical personnel of big data enterprises buy houses in Guiyang and Gui 'an New District and sign local service agreements for more than 5 years, the local government will give each person a one-time housing subsidy of 65,438+10,000 yuan after confirmation.

Third, senior executives and core technical personnel of big data enterprises enjoy preferential treatment and convenience in household registration and medical treatment, and their children can attend schools within the jurisdiction of their place of residence in this province when they are enrolled in compulsory education.

In short, the reason why big data in Guizhou Province can develop rapidly and attract so many world-class enterprises to settle down and invest can be said that Guizhou Province combines the advantages of time, location, people and all aspects, so the development of big data industry in Guizhou Province is getting better and better.

Guizhou is known as China's big data "Silicon Valley", and Huawei, Tencent and Apple have all set up data centers in Guizhou. Why do these technology giants set up data centers in Guizhou? Let me talk about it in detail.

The biggest feature of data center is "high energy consumption". The cost of electricity accounts for 50%~70% of the total expenditure cost, half of which comes from the power supply of servers and other equipment, and the other half comes from the "air conditioning fee" for heat dissipation of machinery and equipment.

In terms of temperature and energy, Guizhou is recognized as the most suitable place to establish a data center in South China. The annual temperature in Guizhou ranges from 14℃ to 16℃. Even in the hottest July, the average temperature is only 23.7℃, which is the most suitable temperature for servers and other equipment.

According to Huawei, "building a big data base in Beijing needs 1 yuan, 1 kwh, while Guiyang only needs 4 cents. We don't need any preferential policies. If it is placed in Guizhou, it can save hundreds of millions of electricity bills one year after it is completed and put into production. "

20 13 is the "first year of big data" in China. With the arrival of big data, first-line developed areas such as Guizhou and Beishangguang stand on the same starting line. Guizhou has specially issued a series of policies to support the development of big data in Guizhou. Since 20 14, some data of Guizhou government has been migrated to the cloud, that is, "Guizhou on the Cloud". Except for special needs, the computer room is no longer self-built, which is leading in the country.

Through policy guidance, Guizhou has identified two basic projects: one is the data center and the other is the call center. In terms of data centers, the three major operators, Huawei, Alibaba, Tencent and Apple, etc. Established a data center in southern Guizhou; On the phone, Huawei, Ant Financial, etc. All the customer service centers are located in Guizhou, and the call center in Guiyang has more than 300,000 seats.

In short, the development of big data industry in Guizhou occupies the advantage of being in harmony with the people at the right time. Guizhou's unique natural environment and accurate and favorable policy support are two magic weapons for the development of big data industry in Guizhou.

But what you don't know is that the three major operators, Apple, Huawei, Tencent and so on. , have chosen to settle big data centers in Guizhou! What's magical about Guizhou? After all, Guizhou is not as developed as Beishangguang. Is there any reason to keep these big companies?

On March 20 13, Guizhou specially invited Ma Yun when inviting investment for domestic high-quality private enterprises. Ma Yun said this: I miss Zhejiang, Guangdong 30 years ago! We can't miss the development opportunity of Guizhou.

That is, in this year, the three major operators settled the big data center in Guizhou; Not only them, Ali, Huawei, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Baidu, Tencent, Dell and so on. All connect the big data center and Guizhou!

The root of all this lies in: the determination of Guizhou to develop big data! From the very beginning, Guizhou decided to build Guizhou into a big data center, so it has great support and accurate positioning!

From building Guizhou into the first comprehensive experimental area of big data in China, Guizhou should be the first area to actively implement the action plan to promote the development of big data, which is the foundation for Guizhou to take the lead!

Since 20 13, the three major operators have settled in Gui 'an New District of Guizhou Province, with a total investment of1500 million yuan. It is planned to build more than 654.38 million cabinets and more than 2 million servers! They take the lead and are more conducive to promoting the brand effect. The presence of industry giants is actually one of the reasons for attracting Huawei, Tencent and Apple!

You may not ignore: save costs! For any enterprise, cost control is the most basic! And an important feature of big data is high energy consumption! Guizhou is rich in water resources and can be said to be one of the provinces with the lowest electricity bill in China.

It can be said that for a big data center, it can save electricity by about 50%-70%! This is a very attractive part for enterprises.

Moreover, Guizhou is located between 24 and 29 degrees north latitude, with an average temperature of 14- 16 degrees, warm in winter and cool in summer, stable geological structure, low disaster risk and forest coverage rate of 49%. It can be said that this is stable and safe for big data centers, and the temperature is suitable, which is very suitable for data centers with high heat dissipation requirements!

In Guizhou Big Data Industrial Park, the person in charge of China Unicom said: There are six characteristics here: green energy saving, flexibility, flexible customization, network access, safety and reliability, and professional operation, which are the reasons that prompted them to choose.

Indeed, Guizhou's own advantages are not only its own support; The advantages of environmental characteristics, power cost and open data resources make Guizhou the "diamond mine" chosen by these enterprises!

Huawei, Tencent and other companies built data centers in Guizhou, mainly because of the low annual average temperature, stable electricity and clean air. More importantly, the security level of data centers can be built higher, and the Guizhou government has better planning and investment promotion policies. Let's analyze it.

Low temperature is very beneficial to the heat dissipation of data center. Even in summer, the average temperature in Guizhou is around 20 degrees. In mountainous areas, the temperature may be lower and cooler. Low temperature is very beneficial to the heat dissipation of large data centers. As we all know, the calorific value of data center is amazing, and low temperature can save a lot of electricity for air conditioning. This can also save equipment costs, improve the stability of data center operation and reduce the operating expenses of data center.

Data center is a big consumer of electricity, and the stability of power supply is very important. There are many power plants in Guizhou and many large local power plants, and the power supply is very sufficient. This was originally the starting point of power transmission from west to east, so it can be said that the power supply is very stable and sufficient. The power supply capacity of local power plants and power grids in Guizhou is sufficient and stable, which ensures the high-level power supply demand of data centers. After all, there are stable power plants around, which is more important for the data center.

Data centers also have very high requirements for air cleanliness. The air quality in Guizhou is very good, which is very important for the good operation of the data center. Air can meet the requirements well without special fine treatment, which reduces the operating cost of data center.

The security level of Guizhou data center is particularly high, and it can even resist nuclear bomb attacks. The data center will be a state secret in the future, so it can be said that the security needs to be considered very comprehensively. Data centers in Guizhou usually dig caves at the foot of the mountain as data centers, so a mountain is hollowed out, which can be said to have a particularly high security level and can even easily resist the attack of nuclear bombs. This security level can be said to put data security at a very high level. Such a data center is undoubtedly more attractive to put data in.

In recent years, Guizhou Province has fully considered its own resource advantages and planned to dominate the positioning of Guizhou Big Data Center. Relying on the positioning of Guizhou Big Data Center, we have continuously introduced investment promotion policies and talent introduction policies, including tax concessions, including land concessions, including power supply concessions and so on. These policies have also played a key role for enterprises to settle in Guizhou.

To sum up, Huawei, Tencent and other companies have built their data centers in Guizhou mainly because of the low average temperature, stable power supply and clean air. More importantly, the security level of data centers can be built higher, and the investment promotion policies in Guizhou are also very good.

Thanks for reading!

For electricity! The first is to save electricity. Do you know the annual electricity bill of a Tencent data center in Beijing? 10 billion. With such a large amount of electricity, even if you pay the electricity bill, the power grid may not be able to do transmission and distribution for you. This is not what you want. The electricity in Beijing was sent from other provinces. You want to spend money to build a data center. State Grid didn't plan for you. The electricity consumption is so large, where does it send you electricity? The advantage of Guizhou is that it has the richest water resources in the country. The computer room is built on the mountain by the river, and the problems of electricity and air conditioning and refrigeration have been solved. This is why many bitcoin mining machines are in Yunnan and Guizhou. When the hydropower station is built, the electricity will be almost white. The hydropower station is just around the corner, and there is no power transmission and distribution problem. As for data transmission, it is optical fiber anyway, and distance is not a problem at all.

Hello everyone!

Why Guizhou, which has no development opportunities for a long time, can become a national big data center.

All the major companies in the world have set up their own data centers in Guizhou, a desolate and backward western mountainous area since ancient times.

As a person who has been in Guizhou for a long time, I think the following core points are in line with the construction of big data centers:

The equipment in the big data center is extremely expensive, which is the real money of the company. What's more, the core data and scientific research results that are more valuable than equipment are priceless. As a strategic asset of a company, the core consideration should be the causes of natural disasters. Everyone is equal before natural disasters, and everything is in vain before natural disasters. Guizhou province is unique in the world in the following aspects:

1. Earthquake: The earthquake should be the most harmful natural disaster to the data center. However, it seems that there has been no earthquake activity in Guizhou since there was a historical record. Unlike the frequent earthquakes in Sichuan and Yunnan.

2. Flood: Guizhou has dense forests and deep ditches. As long as the site is properly located, there is no need to worry about being flooded by Jinshan like Changsha.

1. Guizhou is located in the inland of China, bordering Hunan in the east, Chongqing and Sichuan in the north, Yunnan in the west and Guangxi in the south. It belongs to the inland areas of China.

2. Guizhou has been a very stable, isolated and independent place since ancient times, surrounded by mountains, with blocked traffic and few wars. For example, in World War II, which swept the world, Guizhou was hardly hit by shells. The war of liberation is a region, liberating a regiment.

"Three days without sunny days, the ground is uneven" has always been a portrayal of Guizhou. Located in the subtropical zone, but in the center of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the plateau is not too high, with an average elevation of 1000 meters. The temperature is kept at 10℃~30℃ all the year round. For big data centers with high power consumption, it virtually reduces a lot of electricity costs.

Nature's air-conditioned rooms and caves

Guizhou is a resource-poor province, with almost no coal, steel and oil, but abundant water resources. Wujiang River, Qingshui River, Chishui River, Panjiang River and so on. There is a huge gap brought by the plateau, which is very convenient for the establishment of hydropower stations. In 1970s, many rural areas achieved self-sufficiency in power generation through self-built hydropower stations.

This is an opportunity for Guizhou to get rid of backwardness and a starting point for rapid development. Really happy for my hometown.

It is in line with the national strategy to put the most profitable and environmentally friendly projects in key poverty alleviation areas. A long time ago, a "big plate" was built in southern Guizhou. It is said that 12 was chosen just for site selection, and finally the national treasure "Koster Terrain" was chosen to start construction, which took 23 years. There are such good astronomical equipment here, of course, high-tech projects have more reason to stay here, and the weather is also the key. The average annual temperature here is 23 degrees, which is neither hot in summer nor cold in winter. Of course, most of the reason is that the state wants to support Guizhou. All provinces and counties in China have built expressways, and Guizhou Province is the most expensive and time-consuming. For such a big investment, there must be a return on the project! The above is purely personal!

There is a very interesting news. 2065438+In June 2008, Microsoft launched an experimental project named Natick. This project is very interesting. Microsoft deployed an underwater data center in the waters near the coastline of Orkney Islands in Scotland, and deployed 12 racks and 864 servers on a 40-inch ship.

Another interesting news is that VerneGlobal and Advania have established their own data centers in Iceland. Iceland is becoming the first choice for more and more data centers, and Iceland is building a zero-carbon green data center industry.

I wonder if anyone passed by Huawei's data center. In some data centers of Huawei, when passing by in winter, the clouds on the data center are steaming and spectacular. Therefore, for the data center, the first consideration in site selection is heat dissipation. The location of the data center, if the climate is cool all the year round, can significantly reduce the overall energy consumption and save a lot of energy costs for refrigeration.

If a friend has been to the operator's computer room, you can see that there is generally no window in the operator's computer room. This is to avoid the heat generated by direct sunlight in summer, so heat dissipation is the basic requirement of data center. The reason why Microsoft did the experiment to build the data center underwater is also to pay attention to the good heat dissipation conditions under water.

The energy consumption demand of the data center is also just needed, because the servers in the data center need to run 24 hours a day. Iceland has become a hot spot in global data center construction because of its cool weather and abundant geothermal energy. Iceland's geothermal power generation meets Iceland's electricity demand and has a surplus. Therefore, energy consumption has always been a rigid demand of data centers. It used to be said that the Dadu River in Sichuan is a sacred place for mining bitcoin mining machines, and it also values Sichuan's surplus hydropower resources.

Let's take a look at Guizhou, where the temperature is cool all the year round and there is almost no air conditioning in summer. We can use natural conditions to cool down the server. Moreover, the installed capacity of hydropower in Guizhou ranks fourth in the country, and there are abundant and cheap power resources, which provides excellent support for Guizhou as the best location for data center construction.

Huawei's data center in Guizhou even hollowed out a hill. It will be cooler to build a data center halfway up the mountain, and it is likely that natural heat dissipation will be adopted to meet the heat dissipation requirements of data center servers. Therefore, building a data center in Guizhou is unique.

There are several conditions for data center location, one is safety, and the other is low cost, both of which are available in Guizhou.

The so-called enterprise data center is the storage center of the company's core data, which is equivalent to the human brain and requires high security. Generally set up in the form of disaster recovery backup, scattered in different regions. Guizhou is just one of them, and there should be other places.

The security threats of data center mainly come from natural factors, human factors and unexpected factors. Compared with other regions, Guizhou has a better natural safety factor, and there are few natural disasters such as typhoons, earthquakes, rain and snow. Guizhou is relatively remote and not prosperous, and the probability of human factors is relatively low; Guizhou is located in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, with relatively stable surrounding environment and relatively few accidents such as fire. In addition, other security factors such as cyber attacks are similar everywhere.

On the premise of safety, save if you can. The data center is a place that does not need human maintenance, but needs careful care. In addition to the safety factors mentioned above, there are higher requirements for the environment, electricity consumption, temperature and fire protection.

Because of my work, I have been to the computer rooms of many operators, which can be said to be heavily guarded, because there are a lot of user data in them, which must be absolutely safe and cannot affect the normal communication of users.

It is understood that this kind of computer room has very high environmental requirements and must be dustproof. With less pollution in Guizhou, the cost of dust prevention is reduced; The computer room also needs 24 hours power supply. At the same time, it is equipped with diesel generator set and inverter, which consumes a lot of electricity. It is also necessary to adjust the temperature of the computer room to near constant temperature through air conditioning, because only constant temperature can the machine run efficiently and live longer. Guizhou has relatively sufficient electricity and low electricity charges, which can save costs.

In addition, the air conditioner also uses an electric power head. In order to save energy, when the temperature is suitable, fresh air is used for refrigeration, that is, natural wind is used to cool the machine. Guizhou semi-plateau environment, with low temperature all year round, is very suitable for using natural conditions to cool down, which is the best for reducing air-conditioning electricity bills.

It is precisely because of the above reasons that many Internet companies are willing to build their data centers in Guizhou, which also creates good operating conditions for them, including the location of computer rooms, environmental development and talent policies. , has formed an industry, data center, call center base.

Apple, Huawei and Tencent had to build their data centers in Guizhou for three reasons. Simply put, it is low cost and high security, which conforms to the general trend.

Next, we will analyze these three reasons in detail.

It costs a lot. Since it is a big data center, there must be a relatively large space, many servers need to be placed, a lot of electricity needs to be consumed, and the temperature needs to be kept low.

Guizhou is located in the west, with low land cost and low average temperature. There are many caves that can be directly used. In addition, there are coal mines in Guizhou, with sufficient electricity and low electricity charges.

The temperature is cool and the annual temperature difference is small. This natural temperature environment is unique and the power consumption is balanced.

Electricity accounts for nearly half of the cost of the data center. Compared with other areas, the average electricity tariff in 0.8 yuan is as low as 0.35 yuan, which is a great advantage.

The west is far away from the coast and inland, which is safer and less susceptible to war.

Guizhou has unique geological conditions, and there are no disasters such as earthquakes and mudslides.

The Belt and Road Initiative has brought great opportunities to Guizhou. There are more than 1.600 big data enterprises in Guiyang alone, and the main business income in 20 18 years reached 1 100 million yuan.

In order to attract investment, Guizhou has also put in place preferential measures for enterprises, and has policies to support enterprises in financing, taxation and talents.

Taking tax incentives as an example, big data enterprises that meet the national tax incentives can enjoy the exemption of corporate income tax from the first year to the second year, and the reduction of corporate income tax at the statutory tax rate of 25% from the third year to the fifth year.

Taking Gui 'an New District as an example, enterprises can get up to100,000 yuan of software and hardware resources to build a big data center. In addition to the ladder electricity price concessions, they also have all kinds of talents renting support of up to 20,000 yuan per year for three years. It is precisely because it is in line with national planning, local attention and cooperation with enterprises that Guizhou's big data industry attracts tens of thousands of talents every year, and some talents can enjoy housing subsidies as high as 65,438+10,000 yuan.

Today, the scale of big data industry in Guizhou has been formed, and its advantages will become increasingly obvious, becoming a new economic growth point of Guizhou economy.