Analysis of China's climate characteristics and its influence on agricultural production

the characteristics of monsoon climate have both advantages and disadvantages on China's agricultural production.

advantages: 1. China belongs to continental monsoon climate as a whole, but as far as the main agricultural production areas in the eastern coastal areas are concerned, temperate or subtropical monsoon climate is generally dominant, with strong oceanography. The characteristics of monsoon climate "hot and rainy in summer, cold and dry in winter, rain and heat at the same time" are extremely beneficial to agricultural production.

2. Affected by the summer monsoon in the Pacific Ocean, the rainfall in the eastern monsoon region of China is abundant, which is beneficial to the growth and maturity of crops, trees and pastures; The high temperature in summer expands the northern boundary of warm-loving crops, so China is the northernmost country in the northern boundary of rice growth.

Disadvantages: 1. The great difference in precipitation brought by monsoon climate is the main blow to China's agricultural production. The seasonal distribution of precipitation in different parts of China is very uneven, and the precipitation in most parts of the country is concentrated from May to October. The precipitation in this period generally accounts for 8% of the whole year. As far as different areas in the north and south are concerned, the rainy season in the south starts early and ends late, while the rainy season in the north starts late and ends early.

2. Causes: This time-varying feature of precipitation in China is inseparable from the shift of rain belt caused by the movement of front in monsoon. In May, the warm and humid air flow from the north meets the cold air from the south in Nanling, where the rain belt lingers and the rainy season in South China begins. In June, the rain belt moved to the Yangtze River valley with the front, and swayed for about a month in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, with continuous rain. At this time, it was the yellow ripe season of plums, which was called the rainy season in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In July and August, the rain belt advanced with the front to North China and Northeast China, and the precipitation in northern China increased significantly. In September, the cold air force in the north increased, and the rain belt quickly withdrew to the south of the Yangtze River with the front. Coupled with the cooperation of typhoon and rain, there was still more rain in South China at this time.

3. Because the strength of summer monsoon changes greatly every year, there are often "droughts in the north and floods in the south" or the opposite disasters. It is also easy to produce early water damage; The disastrous weather caused by cold wave, frost and typhoon endangers the harvest of crops.

But generally speaking, monsoon climate has more advantages than disadvantages for China's agriculture.