The four world-famous naval battles were defeated by the Spanish Armada, and Napoleon's elite was completely lost in World War I.

The naval battles of Salamis in 480 BC, Gravorin in 1588, Trafalgar in 1805 and Jutland in 19 16 are called four famous naval battles in world history by historians.

Four famous naval battles in world history:

1, Salamis naval battle

The battle of Salamis was the decisive battle between two fleets in Salamis Bay during the Persian Gulf War.

In 480 BC, King Xerxes I of Persia led 100 ethnic groups,100,000 troops and 800 warships, crossed the ancient Heiles Strait and made an expedition to Greece by land and water. The Greek Coalition forces, with only tens of thousands of troops and 400 warships, were sealed in Salamis Bay. The Greek fleet suddenly launched an attack in a two-line formation, giving play to its advantages of being small and flexible and moving freely in a narrow bay, and repeatedly attacking the Persian fleet with dock wars and collision wars. After a day of fierce fighting, the Persian fleet suffered heavy losses and was forced to retreat.

The battle of Salamis laid the foundation of the Athenian maritime empire, but the powerful Persian empire went into decline.

Salamis naval battle

2. Battle of Gravorin

The naval battle of Gravorin was an integral part of the Anglo-Spanish War. In retaliation for Elizabeth's execution of Mary, Philip II vowed to invade England and replace it with a Catholic monarch. He built a fleet of about 130 ships, including 8000 soldiers and 18000 sailors. It is called "Armada", which literally means "great and lucky navy", and its purpose is to raise funds for this project. Pope Sixtus V allowed Philip II to collect taxes far away. The Pope promised to further support Spanish troops if they could reach Britain. They went to Holland by boat on May 28th. More troops were sent to invade Britain. However, the British navy defeated the Armada in the battle of Gravorin and forced it to sail north. In the waters near Scotland, it suffered from stormy weather that seriously damaged the fleet and personnel. The failure of the Armada provided valuable sailing experience for British sailors. The British were able to persist in the private plunder of Spain and continue to send troops to help the enemies of Philip II, the Netherlands and France. These efforts have brought some tangible returns. One of the most important effects of the incident was that the defeat of the Armada was regarded as a sign that God supported Protestant reform in England.

In the end, only 65 ships in the Armada returned to Spain. Most of the survivors suffered from severe scurvy and malnutrition, and many of them fell ill soon after they set foot on Spanish soil.

Battle of Gravorin

Spanish "Armada"

3. Battle of Trafalgar

Trafalgar naval battle is the greatest victory in the history of British navy, and the commander of this naval battle between Britain and France is a pair of the most famous opponents in history-the legendary British vice admiral Nelson and Villenave. On June 265438+1October 2 1, 1805, the two fleets met in the waters near Trafalgar, Spain, and a decisive battle was inevitable. The fighting lasted for five hours. Because the British army was superior in command, tactics and training, the French joint fleet suffered a decisive blow. The commander Villeneuve was captured and 2 1 warship was captured. British Commander-in-Chief horatio nelson vice admiral was also killed in the battle. After this battle, the elite of the French navy was lost, and Napoleon was forced to give up his plan to attack the British mainland. Britain's position as a maritime hegemon was consolidated.

Trafalgar, battle of

4. Jutland naval battle

Jutland naval battle (called Skagraker Strait naval battle in Germany), 1 916 May 3 1 day to June1day, was a great naval battle between Britain and Germany in the North Sea near Jutland, Denmark.

/KOOC-0/9/KOOC-0/6 From May 3/KOOC-0/day to June/KOOC-0/day, the main naval fleets of Britain and Germany launched a peak confrontation in the North Sea near jutland. This is one of the largest and most powerful naval battles in history, and it is also the only naval battle in the history of world war in which both sides claim to be winners. In this campaign, the German fleet defeated the Royal Navy with the courage of newborn calves, good tactical accomplishment and excellent equipment. However, in the face of the powerful old maritime overlord, the fate of this "existing fleet" has not changed, and it was driven back to its own port in despair.

This was the largest naval battle in the First World War and the only decisive battle of the main force of the fleet in this war, thus ending the history of naval battles with battleships as the main ships.

In the end, the German high seas fleet led by Admiral Schell sank more British ships with relatively little tonnage loss, thus achieving tactical victory; The local fleet of the Royal Navy under the command of Admiral Jellicoe successfully blocked the German Navy in German Ports, making it almost useless in the later period of the war, thus achieving the final strategic victory.

Jutland naval battle

Jutland naval battle

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