Annual average temperature in Chongqing

Chongqing has a subtropical monsoon humid climate, with an annual average temperature of 16~ 18℃, which is above 18.5℃ in Banan, Qijiang and Yunyang in the Yangtze River basin, and14 ~/kloc in Qianjiang and Youyang in the southeast.

The annual average precipitation is abundant, with 1 0,000 ~1350 mm in most areas. Precipitation is mostly concentrated in May-September, accounting for about 70% of the total annual precipitation, especially on rainy nights at the turn of spring and summer, which is known as "night rain".

Most of the annual average relative humidity in Chongqing is 70%~80%, which is a high humidity area in China. The sunshine hours in the whole year are 65,438+0,000 ~ 65,438+0,400 hours, and the sunshine percentage is only 25%~35%, which is one of the regions with the least sunshine in China, with less sunshine in winter and spring, accounting for only about 35% of the whole year.

The main climatic characteristics can be summarized as follows: warm winter and early spring, hot summer and cool autumn, four distinct seasons and long frost-free period; The air is humid and the precipitation is abundant; Weak solar radiation and short sunshine time; There are more clouds and less frost and snow; Light and warm water are in the same season, with remarkable stereoscopic climate, abundant climatic resources and frequent meteorological disasters.

Chongqing is foggy under the dual effects of topography and climate, and is known as "Fog Capital Chongqing" and "Fog Capital". The average annual foggy day is 104 days, while the average annual foggy day in London, England, which is known as the foggy capital of the world, is only 94 days, and that in Tokyo, Japan, which is the foggy capital of the Far East, is only 55 days. Wu Yun in the wall mountain area has 204 foggy days all year round, which is called "the best in the world".

The main characteristics are: hot in summer, warm in winter and early in spring, rich in heat resources; Abundant precipitation and uneven distribution in time and space; Rainy in autumn, foggy in winter, and less light energy resources; Regional differences are large, and the three-dimensional climate is obvious.

Extended data:

The average summer temperature in most parts of Chongqing in July and August is between 27.5-28.5℃ (see figure 1). The areas along the Jialing River and the Yangtze River are the hottest areas in summer, such as Shapingba, Qijiang, Fuling, Fengdu, Zhongxian, Kaixian, Yunyang and Wushan. The hottest monthly average temperature is as high as 28.5-29.0℃. The Daba Mountain in the northeast and the mountainous area in the southeast are areas with low temperature in summer.

Three quarters of counties (cities) in the region have extreme maximum temperatures above 40℃, with the extreme maximum temperatures in Shapingba, Beibei, Qijiang, Fuling, Fengdu, Pengshui, Zhongxian and Kaixian exceeding 42℃.

Chongqing is located in the east of Sichuan Basin. In winter, the upper air flow field in the basin is controlled by the westerly circulation. Due to the blocking effect of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the westerly airflow bypasses and divides into two streams, which meet in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. However, Sichuan Basin is in a "dead water area", with weak wind and stable airflow.

At the lower level, Sichuan basin is controlled by Siberian cold high, and the dry and cold northerly winds from Siberia prevail, which is the main factor of cooling in winter. Because the Qinba Mountain area in the north of Sichuan Basin blocked the northerly airflow during the southward invasion, the cold air force weakened, so the winter was warmer than that in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River at the same latitude.

Spring is the transition period from winter circulation situation to summer circulation situation. At this time, the westerly belt moved northward, the wind weakened, the Siberian high weakened and gradually withdrew westward, and the western Pacific subtropical high began to strengthen its development. As the direct point of the sun moves northward, the temperature rises gradually.

Secondly, due to the inland and closed basin topography, this area is less affected by the ocean, and it is difficult for warm air to spread out during the day, which leads to a rapid rise in spring temperature, so spring comes earlier than the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River at the same latitude.

The summer monsoon mainly advances from the southeast to the northwest, so the southeast is controlled by the warm and humid air flow in summer for a long time, and it is one of the rainy areas in this city due to the influence of topography. The annual precipitation in Youyang and Xiushan is more than 1300mm, and that in Qianjiang and Pengshui is 1200mm.

The precipitation in the central region is decreasing, and the annual precipitation in most areas is around 1 100mm, such as Shapingba, Banan, Yubei, Changshou, Fuling, Fengdu and Shizhu. Northwest China is the region with the latest arrival of summer monsoon, which is affected by warm and humid airflow for the shortest time, so the annual precipitation is the least, and it is the center of less rain in this city. The annual precipitation in Tongnan county is only 975.1mm.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Chongqing