Seek the outline of China geography review in senior high school.

Section 1 Territorial and administrative divisions of China

This part of knowledge has the characteristics of large quantity and low difficulty, and there are many things to remember. The probability that this part of knowledge will appear directly in the college entrance examination is very small. But it is the foothold of learning the outline, foundation and knowledge of the whole geography of China.

1. Location of China:

Hemisphere location: northern hemisphere, eastern hemisphere

Location of land and sea: East Asia, west coast of Pacific Ocean.

Latitude location: the north-south latitude is nearly 50, most of which is in temperate zone, and a small part of the south is in tropical zone without frigid zone.

2. The territory of China:

(1) has a vast area with a land area of 9.6 million square kilometers (370,000 square kilometers of marine land and 3 million square kilometers of exclusive economic zone). It is the third largest country in the world after Russia and Canada.

(2) Territorial boundaries

Northernmost point: Heilongjiang main channel trunk lines (multiple) north of Mohe River in Heilongjiang Province.

Southernmost tip: Zengmu shoal in Nansha Islands, South China Sea (nearby)

The easternmost point: the intersection of the middle line of Heilongjiang main channel and Wusuli River (in many places)

Westernmost point: Pamirs Plateau in Xinjiang (nearby)

The north-south latitude is close, about 5500 kilometers, and the east-west longitude is more, about 5000 kilometers. This is a vast country with remarkable differences in natural environment.

3. Borders and neighbouring countries

(1) Land border and neighboring countries:

China's land border is more than 20,000 kilometers long, and there are 14 land neighbors. From the mouth of Yalu River to the mouth of Beilun River, there are Korea, Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam (refer to the Atlas).

[Note] China recognized Sikkim as an Indian state in March 2004.

Geographical features of provinces adjacent to China in the region where the names of neighboring countries belong.

Korea, East Asia, Liaoning and Jilin Peninsula countries

The neighboring parts of Russia belong to Jilin, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang in North Asia and are the largest countries in the world.

Mongolia, East Asia, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Xinjiang landlocked countries

Kazakhstan, Central Asia and Xinjiang are all landlocked countries, and Kazakhstan is the largest landlocked country in the world.

Kyrgyzstan

Tajikistan

Afghanistan, West Asia and Xinjiang landlocked countries (current world hotspots)

Pakistan, a coastal country in South Asia and Xinjiang, is adjacent to Pakistan-controlled Kashmir.

Coastal countries of India, South Asia, Xinjiang and Tibet (key countries)

Nepal, South Asia, Tibet, an inland mountainous country, is bounded by the Himalayas and China, and Mount Everest is located on the border between China and Nepal.

Bhutan

Myanmar, Southeast Asia, Tibet, Yunnan, a coastal country, and salween after the Nujiang River flowed into Myanmar.

Laos is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, Yunnan. After the Lancang River flows into Myanmar and Laos, it becomes Mekong River.

Vietnam, Southeast Asia, Yunnan, Guangxi and Linhai.

(2) Maritime boundaries and countries across the sea:

China has a coastline of 1.8 million kilometers. Students should understand the following concepts about China's maritime boundary:

Linhai: the sea area directly adjacent to the mainland. The coastal areas of China include Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, Pacific Ocean and South China Sea. It should be noted that the eastern part of the island of Taiwan Province Province in China is directly adjacent to the Pacific Ocean. The vast Pacific Ocean has brought a lot of water vapor to China, which has had a great and far-reaching impact on China's industrial and agricultural production, maritime traffic and marine resources development. )

Territorial sea: the extension of national territory at sea, which belongs to a part of national territory. The territorial sea ranges from the continental coast baseline to the sea area 12 nautical mile. The state exercises sovereignty over the territorial sea.

Inland Sea: If the marginal sea or strait completely belongs to the territorial waters of China, it is the inland sea of China. China's inland seas include Bohai Sea and Qiongzhou Strait.

Exclusive economic zone: 200 nautical miles from the continental coast baseline to the ocean. Countries belonging to the exclusive economic zone have the right to explore, develop, use, conserve and manage the natural resources of the seabed and subsoil and their overlying waters, and have the right to build and use artificial facilities, conduct scientific research and protect the environment. Other countries still enjoy freedom of navigation and overflight, and other uses related to these freedoms that are in line with international law (laying submarine cables, pipelines, etc.). ).

Straits: Taiwan Province Strait, Qiongzhou Strait and Bohai Strait.

Peninsula: China has Liaodong Peninsula, Shandong Peninsula and Leizhou Peninsula from north to south.

Islands: China is one of the countries with many islands in the world. 90% of the islands in China are located in the East China Sea and the South China Sea. Taiwan Province Island, Hainan Island and Chongming Island are the first, second and third largest islands in China respectively. Zhoushan Archipelago, miaodao islands, Penghu Archipelago and Nanhai Archipelago are the four major archipelagos in China. Zhejiang Province has the largest number of islands in China.

Countries across the sea from China are: South Korea, Japan, Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei and Indonesia.

[Note] Pay attention to "island disputes"

In the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea, the delimitation of China's exclusive economic zone and continental shelf with North Korea, South Korea and Japan has not been resolved, while the Diaoyu Islands in China are still occupied by Japan.

The situation in the South China Sea is more complicated. At present, in the South China Sea, exclusive economic zones of various countries overlap with each other, and China's maritime rights and interests are most seriously damaged.

At present, Japan is not only at war on the Diaoyu Islands issue in the East China Sea, but also its Maritime Self-Defense Force has gone abroad, conducted joint patrols and joint military exercises with ASEAN countries in the Straits of Malacca, and intervened in South China Sea affairs.

In recent years, India's military strategy has been adjusted to "control the Indian Ocean" as the center, and at the same time, it has begun to implement the "look east" policy. India stepped up the construction of an ocean-going navy and "eastward" into the South China Sea, holding joint military exercises with Vietnam and other countries, which made the surrounding areas quite uneasy.

4. Administrative divisions of China.

Three administrative regions: China has a vast territory. In order to facilitate administrative management, it is conducive to economic development and national unity. China's administrative regions are basically divided into provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and special administrative regions), counties (autonomous counties and cities) and townships (towns). There are 34 provincial administrative regions in China (including 23 provinces, 4 municipalities directly under the Central Government, 5 autonomous regions, Hongkong and Macao Special Administrative Regions).

[Note] This is the difficulty in our study. Students are advised to master the names, locations, sizes, outline features, abbreviations and cities where provincial capitals are located of 34 provincial administrative units. By watching TV (weather forecast), newspapers and periodicals, read more maps, and do more mapping exercises and puzzles.

1, population of China.

According to the data of the fifth census in China, the population of China (2000) was 65.438+0.295 billion, accounting for more than 654.38+0.5 of the world population, making it the most populous country in the world. The population density is above 135 people /km2, which is much higher than that of Russia, Canada, the United States, Pakistan and other countries.

[Note ]65438+20051October 6 "China1300 million population day"

China's population (including population growth, population distribution, population problems and population migration) is often involved in the college entrance examination papers.

(1) population distribution: (mastering Tengchong-Heihe line): the spatial distribution of China's population is more in the southeast and less in the northwest; Urban and rural distribution: the proportion of rural population is large, and the proportion of urban population is small. There are about 30 million overseas Chinese in China. The origin of overseas Chinese is Guangdong and Fujian provinces.

(2) Population growth: The prominent feature of China's population is its large population base and rapid population growth, which seriously restricts the development of our society, so the state regards the implementation of family planning as a long-term basic national policy; Its main contents are: controlling the population and improving the quality of the population; Its specific requirements are: late marriage and late childbirth, fewer births and better births.

⑶ Population problem: People are both producers and consumers, and population development must adapt to the speed of social and economic development and coordinate with resource utilization and environmental protection. At present, population has become one of the important factors restricting the economic and social development of China. The population problem is mainly manifested in: ① the population growth is too fast. A large part of the new wealth generated by the country every year is offset by the new population. The country, society and families are all facing a heavy burden, which hinders the rapid improvement of people's living standards. The pressure on resources and environment is enormous. ② The proportion of rural population is large, while the proportion of urban population is small. At present, the proportion of urban population in China is about 1/3, which is still lower than the average level of developed countries. But at the same time, China has the largest urban population in the world. In the future, with the rapid development of social economy in China, the urban population will increase rapidly. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent urban problems caused by the expansion of urban population. Therefore, the national policy on urban development is: strictly control the scale of big cities; Reasonable development of small and medium-sized cities; Building a characteristic new city. Make the large, medium and small cities organically combined and the urban and rural population reasonably distributed. ③ Population migration: Since 1980s, the country has implemented the policy of reform and opening up. At present, tens of millions of farmers in China go to cities to work and do business every year, forming a special "tide of migrant workers". On the one hand, the flow of migrant workers has narrowed the gap between urban and rural areas and promoted the development and prosperity of the city. At the same time, it also makes the rural surplus labor force get employment. Farmers' income increased. On the other hand, it also brings great pressure to urban employment, transportation, living environment and living environment, social security and so on. ④ The population is aging. In recent years, the trend of aging population and increasing elderly population in China has developed rapidly. The aging population will bring a heavy burden to the country, society and family. At the same time, how to solve the life, entertainment, social welfare, medical security and other problems of the elderly, so that the elderly have a healthy and happy old age, is a major issue before us.

The results of the fifth population census show that China's population has six characteristics: ① the momentum of excessive population growth has been effectively controlled. ② Rapid urbanization. ③ The quality of the population has been further improved, and the education level of the population has been significantly improved. ④ The aging process is accelerating. (5) The population of ethnic minorities has increased rapidly. 6. Family size continues to shrink.

2. Nationalities in China

China has 56 ethnic groups and is a unified multi-ethnic socialist country. Among them, Han nationality has the largest population, accounting for 92%. The other 55 ethnic groups are called ethnic minorities, among which Zhuang has the largest population, with more than150,000 people. More than 4 million ethnic minorities are Manchu, Hui, Miao, Uygur, Tibetan, Yi, Tujia and Mongolian.

Ethnic distribution characteristics: large mixed residence, small settlement.

Regional distribution of ethnic groups: Han nationality is distributed all over the country, mainly in the east and middle; Ethnic minorities are mostly distributed in the southwest, northwest and northeast border areas. Yunnan Province has the largest number of ethnic minorities in China.

Ethnic Policy: China implements the ethnic policy of equality, unity and mutual assistance, and all ethnic groups, big or small, are equal. The state respects the culture, customs and religious beliefs of ethnic minorities and implements the policy of regional ethnic autonomy (such as autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures, autonomous counties and ethnic townships). ) in areas where ethnic minorities live in concentrated communities. According to the characteristics and needs of ethnic minorities, the state helps ethnic minorities to accelerate the development of local economy, culture and various social undertakings.

Section III Agriculture and Industry in China

1, China agriculture

For the main contents, please refer to the published supplementary contents related to agriculture.

(1) planting

Agriculture is the foundation of national economy, and agriculture in a broad sense includes agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. In China, planting is the main part of agriculture. Planting is greatly influenced by natural conditions. On the one hand, it requires land suitable for farming, generally requiring flat terrain, deep and fertile soil, sufficient water and convenient irrigation; On the other hand, there must be enough light, heat and water for crops to grow. The areas with early and developed agriculture in the world are mostly distributed in tropical and temperate plains with moderate precipitation. China's planting areas are also mainly distributed in plains, basins and hilly areas in the humid and semi-humid eastern monsoon region. Affected by climatic conditions, there are obvious differences in farming systems and crop varieties between the south and the north of China.

Distribution is mainly distributed in semi-humid and humid plain areas.

The reason is that these plain areas belong to the monsoon region of our country, with good temperature and precipitation conditions, and belong to humid areas. At the same time, the vast plains are conducive to the development of planting.

North-South regional differences

The north of Qinling-Huaihe line is mainly dry land, and irrigation is mostly in the form of pouring water. Crops planted are wheat, cotton, peanuts, sugar beet and so on. One crop a year in Northeast China, three crops a year or one crop a year in North China Plain, south of Qinhuai River, mainly paddy fields, and rice is widely planted. In addition, the planting area of cotton, rape, sugarcane and other crops is also very wide. In most areas, two or three crops are harvested a year.

Importance of Grain Production China has a large population, the demand for grain is rice, the population is growing rapidly, and the per capita grain output is lower than the world average. At the same time, China is a country with frequent natural disasters, which have a great impact on grain production.

The main ways to increase grain output ① cherish and make rational use of every inch of land;

(2) Scientific farming to improve yield and quality per unit area.

Actively developing diversified economy The natural conditions and land resources of China are diverse, and so are the needs of national construction and people's life. Therefore, we should actively develop diversified economy. Agricultural production in China is based on different natural conditions. Accordingly, nine commodity grain bases and commodity sugar, oil and cotton bases have been established to implement the policy of "never relaxing grain production", "actively developing diversified economy" and "developing high-quality, high-yield and efficient agriculture".

B. Comparison of commercial agricultural production bases in China

Basic type distribution area

Nine commodity grain bases: ① Areas with good production conditions and foundations: Taihu Plain, Dongting Lake Plain, Jianghan Plain, Poyang Lake Plain, Chengdu Plain and Pearl River Delta; (2) Areas with great potential for increasing production: Jianghuai area; ③ Areas with high commodity rate of grain: Songnen Plain and Sanjiang Plain.

Five bases of commodity cotton base: Jianghan plain; Central and southern Hebei, northwestern Shandong and northern Henan plain; The lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the plain along the Yangtze River; Huanghuai plain; Southern Xinjiang

Peanut occupies the first place in the oil crop base; Mainly distributed in temperate and subtropical sandy soil and hilly areas; Shandong produces the most.

Rapeseed is the largest oil crop in China, mainly distributed in the Yangtze River basin. There is a trend of "moving north and moving south", such as Huanghuaihai Plain, Liaoning, Heilongjiang and South China.

Sesame is mainly in Henan.

Northwest inland flax area

The growth habit of sugar crop sugarcane: it likes high temperature, needs a lot of water and fertilizer, and has a long growth period. Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan and Hainan are the main producing areas (tropical and subtropical).

Sugarbeet growth habits: like warm and cool, salt and alkali tolerance, drought tolerance, short growth period. Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang (middle temperate zone)

Export commodity bases aiming at entering the international market: Taihu Plain, Minnan Delta and Pearl River Delta; Planting flowers, vegetables and fruits to develop pond culture and animal husbandry.

C. Food problems and main countermeasures in China

Grain production is the main body of China's planting industry, which occupies a decisive position in the whole agriculture, because grain is the most basic means of livelihood for our people. China has a population of nearly 65.438+0.3 billion, and there is a great demand for food. At present, China's grain output ranks first in the world, but the per capita grain output is only 400 kilograms, which has just reached the world average. At the same time, the population of China is growing rapidly, the cultivated land area is decreasing, and agricultural natural disasters are frequent. Therefore, developing grain production and ensuring its stability is a top priority related to the national economy and people's livelihood. It is also the key to realize the rational distribution of agricultural production.

The main ways to solve the food problem in China are as follows: ① Cherish and rationally use every inch of land and effectively protect cultivated land; (2) Scientific farming, transformation of low-and medium-yield fields, and improvement of yield and quality per unit area; ③ While ensuring the "basic balance" between grain supply and demand, we should actively carry out diversified operations and develop "high-quality, high-yield and efficient agriculture". Facing the market, adjusting crop varieties and agricultural structure will meet the rich and diverse needs of people's lives on the one hand, and really improve farmers' income on the other. (4) Farming scientifically to increase the yield per unit area. For example, using excellent seeds and adopting advanced management methods.

(2) Forestry

Forest is an important natural resource, which not only provides wood, raw materials, food and feed for human beings, but also has great economic benefits. But also has important environmental benefits. Historically, China is rich in forest resources. Due to long-term deforestation, deforestation, war and natural disasters, China has become a Shaolin country in the world. In recent years, China has made some achievements in planting trees and protecting natural forests, such as the policy of "combining cutting with tending and regeneration", the natural forest protection project and the policy of returning farmland to forests. Accelerate the implementation of "14 1" green project construction. China has become the country with the largest planting area in the world.

The forest resources in China are mainly distributed in: ① Daxinganling and Changbai Mountain in the northeast, which are the largest natural forest areas in China; ② Hengduan Mountain area in southwest China is the second largest natural forest area in China; ③ The mountainous areas in Taiwan Province, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces in the southeast are dominated by artificial forests and secondary forests.

In addition to forests, there are various economic forest products, such as: temperate apples (mainly produced in Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Liaoning and other provinces); Subtropical citrus (mainly produced in Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Sichuan and other provinces); Subtropical tea (produced in mountainous areas of southern provinces); The southern coastal provinces (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Yunnan) produce bananas, lychees, longan, pineapples and other fruits. Coconuts are also produced in Hainan. South Yunnan, Hainan Island and Leizhou Peninsula are the production bases of natural rubber in China.

(3) Animal husbandry

Animal husbandry in China can be divided into pastoral animal husbandry and agricultural animal husbandry.

Pastoral areas in China are mainly distributed in semi-arid and arid areas in the north and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Qinghai and Tibet are the four major pastoral areas in China. The famous excellent livestock breeds are Sanhe cattle and Sanhe horse in Inner Mongolia. Xinjiang fine-wool sheep, Ningxia Tan sheep, Tibetan sheep, yak, etc.

Animal husbandry in agricultural areas mainly refers to pigs, cattle, sheep, chickens, ducks, geese and other poultry raised by farmers' families. At present, animal husbandry plays an important role in the production of livestock products in agricultural areas of China, and the output of pigs, cattle and mutton in China ranks first in the world.

The boundary between pastoral areas and agricultural areas: it is roughly close to the 400 mm isoprecipitation line.

(4) Aquaculture

Aquaculture includes freshwater aquaculture and seawater aquaculture. According to the mode of production, it can be divided into natural fishing and artificial breeding. The output of aquatic products in China ranks first in the world. China has excellent water conditions for the development of aquatic products, a vast area of rivers and lakes on land, and a long history of aquaculture; In the ocean, from north to south, there are vast sea areas, such as Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea.

【 Note 】 Factors affecting the distribution of aquaculture in southeastern China:

The distribution of aquaculture is influenced by natural conditions (mainly waters), population, society, economy and technology.

① Natural conditions: it faces the sea in the southeast, with vast waters, and 3/4 of the mainland waters are in the southeast.

② Population: The southeast is densely populated, and residents have a hobby of eating fish.

③ Socio-economic conditions: there are many cities, convenient transportation and broad consumer market.

④ Technology: The technical level of aquatic fishing and processing is relatively high.

5] The main problems existing in agriculture in China are

First, per capita agricultural products are still relatively low; B the situation of "relying on the sky to collect" and "relying on the sky to raise livestock" has not been fundamentally reversed. The comprehensive agricultural productivity is still low, the level of disaster resistance, mechanization and agricultural science and technology is not high, and agricultural production fluctuates greatly. C the agricultural structure is not reasonable, the proportion of planting is too large, and the proportion of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery is too small. D "new, special and excellent" agricultural products are still relatively few, the level of agricultural industrialization is low, and the income level of farmers is low. E. the agricultural ecological environment is fragile and the environmental pollution is serious. Such as arable land reduction, soil degradation and desertification, salinization; Grassland degradation and desertification; The reduction of forest area makes agricultural natural disasters in China increasingly frequent.

[Supplement] Comprehensive analysis of agricultural geography in China

I. Northeast China (Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning)

1, analysis of natural conditions

(1) Leng Xia is warm in winter, with long sunshine time, and it is harvested once a year; The average annual precipitation is 400-600 mm, which belongs to humid and semi-humid areas and has sufficient irrigation water.

(2) The northeast plain is low and flat, with deep soil layers and high fertility black soil, which is extremely beneficial to agricultural mechanization.

(3) Frozen soil is widely distributed, which ensures good soil moisture.

(4) The marshland area is very large, and it has been developed and utilized through drainage, but it also caused the climate to dry up during the development process, so it is not appropriate to over-develop the marshland.

(5) The latitude in this area is high and the heat resources are insufficient. When the early autumn frost or the spring temperature is low, crops will be damaged by low temperature, and crop yield will be greatly reduced.

2. Agricultural characteristics

(1) The commodity grain bases mainly consisting of corn and spring wheat are mainly located in Sanjiang Plain and Songnen Plain.

(2) With soybeans and sugar beet as the main cash crops, soybean production accounts for more than 1/3 of the country, and export accounts for more than 90% of the country. Heilongjiang is the largest soybean producing area in China. Sugar beet production accounts for more than half of the country, with Songnen Plain as the largest.

(3) Other cash crops are flax, oak (tussah), apple, flue-cured tobacco, etc.

Second, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River (Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong, Beijing and Tianjin)

1, analysis of natural conditions:

(1) Most places belong to warm temperate zone, and the temperature is quite high in summer. Most crops are harvested twice a year or three times every two years. The rainy season is short in most areas, and the precipitation is concentrated in July and August. It is a common problem that spring drought (drought in spring and early summer) threatens agricultural production. Due to the dry climate, irrigation water sources are insufficient in most places.

(2) In many places in North China Plain, Weihe Plain and Fenhe River Basin, the harm of saline-alkali is very serious.

(3) The loess on the Loess Plateau is composed of fine sediment particles, which is convenient for farming. Loess is rich in nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. However, the soil is loose, there is no vegetation protection on the surface, and soil erosion is serious.

2, agricultural characteristics:

(1) Winter wheat and corn are the main food crops, mainly distributed in North China Plain, followed by Weihe Plain and Fenhe River Basin. There are many kinds of millet in the Loess Plateau and many kinds of sweet potatoes in the hills and low mountains of Shandong.

Cotton is the most important cash crop in this area. Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces are the largest cotton-producing areas and commodity cotton bases in China, and Weihe Plain and Fenhe Valley are also important cotton-producing areas. Advantages of cotton planting in this area: high temperature in summer is beneficial to cotton growth; There are many sunny days in autumn, which is also beneficial to the later growth and harvest of cotton; In addition, muddy soil is beneficial to the growth and development of cotton roots.

Three, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai)

1, analysis of natural conditions:

(1) The north of Huaihe River is warm temperate zone, and the rest is subtropical zone, with high temperature in summer. Jianghan, Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake and other plains are surrounded by mountains, which are not easy to dissipate heat and are all famous for their heat. Crops can be harvested twice a year or three times a year. The north of Huaihe River is a semi-humid area, and the rest is a humid area. In late spring and early summer, timely and appropriate plum rains are more beneficial to rice growth. If the plum rains are too short or too long, droughts and floods will occur. The rainy season ended in July, controlled by subtropical high, the weather was sunny and dry, and there was a summer drought. At this time, the heat is sufficient, the evaporation is large, the crops grow vigorously, and it is necessary to ensure sufficient water supply, so the task of drought resistance is very heavy.

(2) The plain is vast, the river network is densely covered, and the irrigation water source is sufficient.

(3) The hilly red soil in the south of the Yangtze River is widely distributed, with low organic matter, strong acidity and heavy soil, which is one of the main low-yield soils in southern China.

2, agricultural characteristics:

(1) Dry crops are mainly planted in the north of Huaihe River (Jianghuai area), and paddy fields are mainly planted in the south. Jianghan Plain, Dongting Lake Plain, Poyang Lake Plain and Yangtze River Delta are all famous rice producing areas, and the rice planting area and yield in this area rank first in China. Wheat is also an important food crop in this area.

(2) The cash crops are cotton, rape and silkworm. Jianghan Plain, the coastal plain in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the coast of Hangzhou Bay, is one of the main cotton production bases in China. (Cotton planting conditions: sufficient heat, deep and fertile soil layer, long history of cotton planting, good technical conditions and high commodity rate. The unfavorable conditions are plum rains in spring and summer, typhoons in summer and even rainy days in autumn. Rape has a wide planting area and has become an overwintering crop in rice fields. Taihu Plain in Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces is the largest sericulture base in China and the famous "Silk House".

(3) The red soil area in the hilly area of the south of the Yangtze River is suitable for the growth of tea, rape and Chinese fir, with a large yield.

Four, the southern coastal areas (Fujian, Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Guangxi, Qiong and Hongkong, Macao Special Administrative Region)

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