What are the climatic characteristics of Harbin?

Climate characteristics of Harbin The average annual temperature in Harbin is 4.5℃; Annual average maximum temperature:10℃; Annual average minimum temperature:-1℃

The highest temperature in history: 39℃ appeared in 20065438+0; The highest temperature in history: -38℃ appeared at 1970.

Average annual rainfall: 529 mm.

65438+ 10 The average temperature in Harbin is-17.2℃, the lowest temperature is -303℃, the average temperature in July is 24.3℃, and the highest temperature is 36.5℃. The annual precipitation is about 700 mm, and summer accounts for 60% of the annual precipitation.

Harbin's climate belongs to the mid-temperate continental monsoon climate, and it is best to visit Xia Dong in Harbin. In summer, the weather is cool, the climate is pleasant and the trees are shaded, which is an ideal place for summer vacation. Although it is cold in winter, at this time, it is wrapped in silver, and the ice and snow scenery different from that of Jiangnan water town can be seen everywhere. You should wear woolen clothes and trousers when traveling in Harbin in spring and autumn.

The Geographical Environment, Location and Realm of Harbin

Harbin is located in the northeast of China Northeast Plain, the south of Heilongjiang Province, and the center of Northeast Asia. It is an important hub of the first Eurasian continental bridge and air corridor, located at 125? 42? ~ 130? 10? 44 north latitude? 04? ~46? 40? Harbin borders Mudanjiang and qitaihe city in the east, Yichun and Jiamusi in the north, Suihua in the west and Changchun, Jilin and Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in the south. Harbin has a total area of 53 1000 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 7086 square kilometers.

topography

Harbin City, Shuangcheng District and Hulan District are flat and low-lying, and the eastern counties (cities) are mountainous and hilly. It is adjacent to Zhangguangcailing Mountain in the southeast, Xiaoxing 'anling Mountain in the north and Songhua River in the middle. The mountains are not high, the rivers are vertical and horizontal, and the plains are vast. Harbin urban area is mainly distributed on the three terraces formed by Songhua River: the first terrace is between132 ~140m above sea level, mainly including Daoli District and Daowai District, and the ground is flat; The elevation of the second terrace is145 ~175m, which gradually transits from the first terrace, and the boundary is not obvious, mainly including parts of nangang district and Xiangfang District. With large area, long-term water erosion, slight fluctuation, deep soil layer and fertile soil, it is an important agricultural area in Harbin. The elevation of the third terrace is180 ~ 200m, which is mainly distributed in the barren hills, zuizi and the south of Heping District, and then gradually transits to the rest of Zhangguangcailing to the southeast, which is a hilly area.

land

Harbin is influenced by natural factors such as topography, climate, plants and human activities. There are many soil types in Harbin, including 9 soil types, 2 1 subclass and 25 soil types. Black soil is the main soil in suburbs and 12 counties (cities), and it is also the most widely distributed and abundant soil type. The black soil in the whole city is divided into 2 subtypes (black soil and meadow black soil), 3 soil genera (clayey black soil, sandy black soil and meadow black soil) and 7 soil species. Black soil is rich in nutrients and suitable for the growth of various crops. Chernozem is the main cultivated soil in the city, mainly distributed in Pingchuan and Gangping in the middle of the city. The city is divided into three subtypes: chernozem, leached chernozem, meadow chernozem and ***8 soil species. The nutrient content of chernozem is second only to black soil, which is suitable for crop planting. Meadow soil is also the main cultivated soil in this city, and most of it is distributed in the low-lying leaching zone along the Yangtze River and the floodplain zone of Songhua River platform. Meadow soil in the city is divided into six sub-categories: meadow soil, alkaline meadow soil, flooded meadow soil, saline meadow soil, latent meadow soil and sulfate meadow soil, with a total of 10 soil species. Most of meadow soil is not suitable for cultivation, so it is advisable to develop grassland and plant firewood forest. Sandy soil and swamp soil are mainly distributed in the floodplain and low-lying land on both sides of the river, which is suitable for developing fishery and animal husbandry.

hydrology

Rivers in Harbin belong to Songhua River system and Mudanjiang River system, mainly including Songhua River, Hulan River, Ashe River, Lalin River, Mangniu River, Maya River, Dongliangzhu River, Nihe River, Piaohe River, Feiketu River, Shaoling River, Wuyue River and Woken River. Songhua River originates from Tianchi Lake in Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province, and its main stream runs through the central part of Harbin from west to east. It is the largest irrigated river in the city. The annual precipitation is mainly concentrated from June to September, accounting for more than 70% of the annual precipitation. Harbin's water resources are characterized by less self-produced water, abundant transit water and uneven distribution in time and space, showing the characteristics of being rich in the east and poor in the west. The city's per capita water resources are 1630 cubic meters.

Harbin's scenic spot 1, Stalin Park was built in 1953, formerly known as? Riverside park? . The park is located on the south bank of Songhua River in the urban area, starting from Songhua River Railway Bridge in the east and reaching Jiuzhan Park in the west, with a total length of 1 1,750 meters. It is a strip-shaped open park built along the embankment and beside the water, facing the famous "Sun Island" scenic spot at home and abroad across the river, covering an area of/kloc-0.05 million square meters. It imitates the Russian classical architectural style and is colorful in the whole park? Five-colored grass flower beds? And distributed in the green space? Swans spread their wings? 、? Three teenagers? 、? Start? 、? Diving? 、? Sword dance? Sixteen groups of various artistic sculptures are famous at home and abroad. It is a conventional park, with a length of 1000 meters from east to west and a width of 50 meters from north to south.

2. The Central Street was founded in 1898, formerly known as "China Street". 1925 changed its name to "Central Street" and later developed into the most prosperous commercial street in the city, which has been passed down to this day. She starts from Songhua River Flood Control Memorial Tower in the north and ends at Jingwei Street in the south, with a total length of1450m and a width of 21.34m.. Among them, the square hour road width is10.8m.. European-style and European-like buildings in the whole street 7 1, and renaissance, baroque, eclectic and modern multi-style protected buildings 13. A small street contains the four most influential architectural schools in the history of western architecture, including the most attractive cultural development history in Europe in the past 300 years, which is rare in the world, including profound historical background and extensive architectural art exhibition.