In what climate is Tieguanyin suitable for growth?

How to plant Tieguanyin tea tree? Let's take a look at Bian Xiao's sharing today.

Propagation of Tieguanyin tea seedlings

The asexual propagation method of short spike cutting is often used, which is beneficial to cultivate excellent seedlings of Tieguanyin from a scientific point of view. Of course, tea seeds can also be used for reproduction, or some vegetative organs such as stems, leaves and roots can be used for asexual reproduction. There are many methods of asexual reproduction, such as layering, cutting and grafting. However, most Tieguanyin tea varieties have adopted the short-spike cuttage asexual propagation method since the short-spike cuttage method was popularized in cattle production. The quality of cuttings is the key to survive and cultivate strong seedlings. Young and middle-aged people with thick branches and luxuriant leaves, strong growth, large leaves, large internodes, full axillary buds, pure varieties or updated 1 ~ 2 years should be selected as the mother tree of Tieguanyin.

2, Miaodi's choice and preparation.

Farmland or paddy field with flat terrain, fertile soil, sufficient water, convenient irrigation and drainage, shelter from the wind and convenient transportation should be selected. Fields that grow tobacco, marijuana and vegetables cannot be Miao Di. The soil structure should be loose, water-retaining and water-permeable, thick and slightly acidic sandy soil or clay. After deep ploughing, soil breaking and harrowing, Miao Di will be made into a seedbed with a height of10 ~15cm and a width of1/kloc-0 ~/20cm. Depending on the terrain, the east-west direction is better. The spacing between seedbeds is 30 ~ 40 cm. There are 80 ~ 100 cm deep and 50 cm wide water storage pits at both ends of the temple bottom. Irrigation and drainage ditches are set around the bottom of the temple. The seedbed should be fully applied with base fertilizer, which should be evenly spread on the seedbed, fully mixed with soil and leveled, and then spread with screened red soil core soil as soil, generally 4 ~ 6 cm thick, one mu 15 ~ 20 cubic meters, and then leveled with wooden boards. Then we also built a shade shed for Miao Di: one was piled every 1.54 ~ 1.6 meters on both sides of the seedbed, and bamboo strips were tied to the horizontal and vertical stakes to make a shed, with a height of 30 ~ 50 cm. Shading objects can be adapted to local conditions, such as thatch, wheat straw, fir branches, sunshade nets and bamboo curtains. Tieguanyin seedbed is covered with long curtains, the length is 3.0 ~ 3. 1m, the ditch is covered with grass curtains, the length is 1 ~ 1.2m, and the width is 0.8m Short curtains are used around Miao Di. Mountain brush can be used as shade in autumn or winter. The branches and leaves of the mountain brush are 25 cm above the ground. At the same time of transplanting seedlings, 2 ~ 3 branches are bundled and inserted directly between rows every 2 ~ 3 rows. The density of sunshade should be uniform, and the shading rate should be 70% ~ 80% in summer and 50% ~ 60% in winter.

3. Cutting and planting management

Cutting is the key to the survival of cutting, so we should choose branches with yellow-green semi-lignified stems, thick leaves, full axillary buds and no pests and diseases. 7 ~ 15 days after fresh leaves are picked, cuttings should be cut, impurity tips should be removed, and cuttings should be shipped back in time. They should not be under pressure, exposed to the sun or blown by the wind to prevent heating and withering. They should be laid in a cool and dark place, watered with water, and then cut into cuttings. Cutting should have one leaf and one axillary bud, the short stem under the leaf should be 2 ~ 2.5 cm long, and the cutting mouth should be smooth. The upper cut is 3 ~ 4 mm away from the petiole and should be inserted with the shear. Cutting date: February-March in spring, late April-late May in summer, August-September in autumn and11~ 65438+February in winter, which is more suitable for Tieguanyin tea area. Practice shows that the summer temperature is high, and the spring shoots can be cut in that year, which is the best cutting time for rooting and shooting bamboo shoots. Cutting method: fully spray the temperature on the seedbed, and when it is slightly dry and not sticky, cut according to the planned row spacing, with the row spacing of large-leaf seeds of 9 ~ 10 cm and the spacing between plants of about 3 cm; The row spacing of lobular seeds is 6 ~ 7 cm, and the plant spacing is about 1.5 ~ 3 cm. It is advisable that the leaf edge and the leaf tip do not overlap, and planting 1.5 ~ 0.2 million plants per mu. Direct insertion or insertion leaves are slightly inclined, and the leaves should be downwind. Petiole and bud should be exposed on the soil surface, and leaves should not be soil. After insertion, shade and spray water until the culture soil is soaked. Pay attention to shading, watering, furrow irrigation, topdressing, weeding and pest control when planting.

Notes on planting management of Tieguanyin

1, covering drought prevention and seedling protection. The newly planted tea seedlings have poor stress resistance and are afraid of sun exposure. You can cover the whole garden with straw, with a thickness of 5 cm; Or covered with mushroom soil, it can not only reduce the surface temperature of soil, keep soil moisture and inhibit the growth of weeds, but also increase soil organic matter and improve soil physical and chemical properties. At the same time, do a good job in water management to meet the water demand of tea trees.

2. Replenish seedlings in time. The survival rate of Tieguanyin is low, so it is necessary to check and replenish seedlings, leaving 2 plants in each hole.

3. Sparse flowers and fruits. When buds and fruits appear in tea seedlings, they should be removed in time to reduce nutrient consumption.

4. Rational fertilization. Apply sufficient fertilizer before planting, 4-5 times a year, and apply it when each new bud germinates. Apply 5- 10 kg of compound fertilizer and 3-5 kg of urea per mu, dig ditches or holes at a distance of 15 cm from the rhizome and cover the soil. When the base fertilizer is insufficient, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer should be applied together, and sufficient base fertilizer should be applied in combination with shallow ploughing every winter, and farmyard manure should be applied per mu 1000 kg.

Generally, spring tea should be topdressing once in mid-March. Generally, topdressing should be applied in ditches or pits, and the fertilizer effect will be better. Then, topdressing should be applied again about 20 days before mining, and it should be chosen in cloudy or light rain weather, so that the fertilizer will not evaporate and be easily absorbed.

Like this biennial tea garden, about 50 kilograms per mu is enough. The smaller the age of the tree, the smaller the dosage, otherwise it will cause fertilizer damage.

5, intertillage weeding. The root system of Tieguanyin is shallow. In order to avoid damaging the root system, artificial weeding can be used to cover the edges of tea seedlings with weeds. At the same time, it is not possible to plow frequently, and shallow intertillage weeding can be carried out in combination with base fertilizer application every winter.

Some do not affect the growth of tea trees and do not compete with tea trees for fertilizer. I don't want to clean up the weeds too clean, and the natural enemies of pests and diseases are gone. Weeding should be combined with fertilization, and turning the cut grass upside down next to the tree head can increase the organic matter in the soil. There is no need to throw it away.

6, plastic trimming. Use topping instead of cuttage shaping, that is, before planting tea seedlings, leave the stem 20 cm high and cut off the upper part. After the growth of spring tea, the top tip and longer lateral tip which are more than 25 cm away from the soil surface are removed, and after each round of new bud germination, the top is increased by 5-8 cm on the original basis for topping. The annual crown can be increased by about 20-25 cm.

Expand small knowledge:

What climate is Tieguanyin suitable for growth?

Tieguanyin tea tree likes warm and humid climate. When the average temperature is above 10℃, the buds begin to germinate, and the optimum temperature for growth is 20 ~ 25℃. The annual precipitation should be above 1000 mm; Like light and shade, suitable for childbirth under diffuse light; Life is divided into seedling stage, adolescence, adulthood and old age. The tree age can reach 120 years, but the economic tree age is generally 40 ~ 50 years.

The picking season of Tieguanyin

The picking of Tieguanyin can be divided into four seasons in a year. Spring tea is from Grain Rain to long summer, summer tea is from summer to summer, summer tea is from beginning of autumn to summer, and autumn tea is from autumnal equinox to cold dew. Each tea season lasts about 20 days, with an interval of about 50 days, among which spring tea and autumn tea are the best.