What's the difference between hail, freezing rain and snow suspicion?

In early winter or late winter and early spring, people can see that when the rain in the air falls on very cold wires, objects and the ground near the ground, it immediately condenses into ice, so the wires become thick ice strips and a thin layer of ice accumulates on the ground. This is freezing rain. Meteorologically, this frozen object is called Song Yu. In southern China, freezing rain is called "ice", "sky" or "cowhide".

How is the freezing rain formed? Freezing rain often occurs when strong cold air or cold wave comes, because of the confrontation between cold and warm air. When the cold front invaded, the air temperature under the front dropped below 0℃, while the temperature above the front was above 0℃ and humid. When the raindrops formed in the clouds above the front fall into the gas layer with the temperature below 0℃, they can become supercooled raindrops. Once supercooled raindrops fall to the ground or ground objects with a temperature below 0℃, they immediately freeze into ice, forming a dense, smooth and sometimes transparent glassy ice shell. After freezing rain falls on trees and wires with surface temperature below freezing point, crystal clear ice layer is formed around them immediately. At this time, raindrops continue to fall on the surface of frozen objects, slowly drooping, forming icicles, which are called "ice hanging" in some places. Various forms of ice hanging are dazzling. Lushan, Huangshan and other famous mountains are often dressed up by freezing rain in winter. The winter rainy season along the Songhua River in Jilin Province is one of the wonders of China, attracting thousands of Chinese and foreign tourists every year.

The scenery of freezing rain is worth seeing, but after all, it is disastrous weather, and the harm caused cannot be ignored. After the wire freezes, it will shrink when it is cold, and it will break under the influence of the weight of freezing rain. Sometimes, rows of telephone poles are knocked down, resulting in interruption of telecommunications and transmission. Highway traffic is blocked by ground icing, and traffic accidents increase accordingly. If the ground freezes, it will freeze the green winter wheat or the crops planted in early spring. In addition, freezing rain will also destroy young forests and frostbitten fruit trees in a large area.

In fact, the phenomenon of snow condensation is that the temperature near the ground is close to zero, or it swings around zero within the range of zero, MINUS one or MINUS two degrees. When snow falls to the ground, hangs on trees, or adheres to the ground, it will melt if the temperature rises a little. At this time, the temperature is only about one or two degrees, which is about zero. After a little melting, snow will turn into water. When you reach the tree, fog pine or cedar will form, and snow condensation is such a phenomenon.

Snow condensation is a natural phenomenon similar to freezing rain! The south is more harmful!

Causes and prevention of snow condensation

The disaster caused by freezing rain is so serious, how should we deal with it? The reason why snow condenses is that if the temperature near the ground is close to zero or swings around zero after the snow falls to the ground, the snow will melt if the temperature rises slightly, and then it will freeze into ice as the temperature drops at night. Freezing rain is formed because there is a warmer atmosphere in the sky. When snowflakes fall from the sky, there is a relatively warm atmosphere at a distance of 1 1,500 m or even a little higher, such as 2,000m or even 3,000m m. When the temperature is about 0℃ to 4℃, snowflakes become water droplets after passing through this atmosphere. When the water drops fall further, the temperature near the ground is 0 degrees Celsius, even minus/kloc-0 degrees Celsius. At this time, when water falls to the ground or ground attachments, it immediately freezes, but it is not frozen into ice, but something equivalent to an ice sheet. This is freezing rain.

In order to reduce the influence of snow and freezing rain, the main method at present is to eradicate or spray snow melting agent by manual operation.

The defense guide given by China Meteorological Bureau is that the government and relevant departments should do emergency work to defend against snow disasters and freezing injuries according to their duties. Transportation, railway, electric power, communications and other departments should strengthen the inspection and maintenance of roads, railways and lines, and do a good job in road cleaning and snow melting. The public can reduce unnecessary outdoor activities.

hail

Hail, also known as "hail", is commonly known as hail, which is called "Lengzi" in some areas. It is most common in summer or at the turn of spring and summer. It's some ice particles as small as mung beans and soybeans as big as chestnut eggs, and the heavy hail is bigger than grapefruit. Except for Guangdong, Hunan, Hubei, Fujian, Jiangxi and other provinces, there is less hail weather in China, and every place suffers from different degrees of hail disasters every year. Especially in the mountainous and hilly areas in the north, the terrain is complex, the weather is changeable and there are many hail, which is very harmful to agriculture. Severe hail destroys crops and houses, and people are often injured and livestock die. Therefore, hail disaster is one of the most serious disasters in China.

Solid precipitation. It is a spherical or conical ice block, which consists of transparent layers and opaque layers alternately. Generally, the diameter is 5 ~ 50 mm, and sometimes it can reach more than 10 cm, which is also called hail or hail block. Hail often destroys crops and threatens the safety of people and animals. This is a serious natural disaster. Many countries with severe hail disasters have carried out artificial hail suppression experiments.

The bigger the hail, the more destructive it is. Hail falls from strong convective cumulonimbus clouds, and the updraft in the clouds is stronger than that in general thunderstorm clouds. Small hailstones grow in convective clouds through several collisions between hailstones and supercooled water droplets, and then fall to the ground when the updraft in the clouds can't support them. Heavy hail is produced in a thunderstorm cloud with strong updraft and rich liquid water. The scope of each hail is very small, usually several meters to several kilometers wide and 20-30 kilometers long, so there is a folk saying that "hail hits a line". Hail mainly occurs in mid-latitude continental areas, usually more in mountainous areas than in plains, and more in inland areas than in coastal areas. Hail in China mostly occurs in spring, summer and autumn, accounting for about 70% of the total from April to July. Severe hail disaster areas include southern Gansu, Longdong, the yinshan mountains, Taihang Mountain, western Sichuan and Yunnan Province.