Grain Rain handwritten newspaper information content

Grain Rain is the sixth solar term among the 24 solar terms and the last solar term in spring. Every year from April 19 to April 2 1 day, when the sun reaches 30, it is Grain Rain, which comes from the old saying "Rain makes a hundred valleys". At the same time, it is also the best time for sowing, transplanting and ordering beans.

According to meteorologists, Grain Rain is the last solar term in spring, and the arrival of Grain Rain solar term means that the cold wave weather is basically over and the temperature rises faster, which is very beneficial to the growth of cereal crops.

The origin of solar terms

Grain Rain means "Rain gives birth to hundreds of valleys", and it is Grain Rain when the sun reaches 30 on April 20th or 2 1 day every year.

In Grain Rain season, in the south of China, "a hundred flowers blossom", willows fall, cuckoos cry at night, peonies bloom and cherries are ripe. The natural scenery tells people that it is late spring. At this time, the temperature in the south rises rapidly. Generally, in late April, except for parts of northern and western South China, the average temperature has reached 20℃ to 22℃, which is more than 2℃ higher than that in mid-April. In the eastern part of South China, there is often a high temperature above 30 for a day or two, which makes people feel very hot. Low-altitude valley areas have also entered summer.

In ancient China, Grain Rain was divided into three stages: "The first stage was when Ping was born; The second time, the cuckoo blows feathers; The third class is Dai Ren's surrender. " After Grain Rain, rainfall increased, duckweed began to grow, then cuckoo began to remind people to sow, and then Dai Sheng birds began to be seen on mulberry trees.

During the Grain Rain solar term, the westerly jet in East Asia will weaken and move northward again, the warm and humid air mass in South China will become more active, the circulation fluctuation in the westerly belt from west to east will become more frequent, and the activities of low pressure and Jianghuai cyclone will gradually increase. Affected by it, there will be continuous rain or heavy wind and rain in the Jianghuai area.

Grain Rain is the last solar term in spring. At this time, just after planting seedlings and planting new crops in the field, rain is most needed, so there is a saying that "spring rain is as expensive as oil".

Development history

About 4000 years ago, Emperor Xuanyuan was acclaimed as the leader of the tribal alliance by tribal leaders, and he named Cang Xie Zuo Shi. After Cang Xie became a historian, he used different kinds of shells and knots as markers to record events. However, as Cang Xie is responsible for more and more affairs, the old methods are far from meeting the demand, and Cang Xie is very worried.

Every year, Grain Rain Festival, Cang Xie Temple will hold a traditional temple fair, which lasts for seven to ten days. Year after year, thousands of people come here from all directions to hold a grand and warm ceremony of entering the temple and a grand and solemn memorial ceremony to commemorate and sacrifice Cang Xie, the father of Chinese characters. People dance yangko, run bamboo horses, play social fire, perform martial arts, beat gongs and drums, perform big dramas, sing and dance, and express their reverence and nostalgia for Cang Sheng. Troupe and business also came to join in the fun, very lively. Cangjie Temple Fair has become a grand local festival. Even the local customs, such as going to school, honoring words, drinking red bean porridge, living in caves, begging for rain, begging for beggars and praying for blessings, are all related to Cang Xie.

history

"Tongwei Filial Piety Helps the Gods": "In the fifteenth day after the Qingming Festival, the bucket refers to Chen and is Grain Rain. In mid-March, it is said that the rain gives birth to hundreds of valleys, which are clean and bright. "

Qunfangpu: "Grain Rain, the valley is born with the rain." Before and after Grain Rain, the weather turned warmer and the rainfall increased, which was favorable.

Sow and plant crops in spring.

Twenty-four solar terms: "In mid-March, after the rain, the earth's paste pulsates, and now it rains its valley in water. Rain is silent, just like the rain in my field. At this time, cover the valley and sow, from top to bottom. " At this time, the weather is mild and the rainfall increases obviously, which has a great relationship with the growth and development of cereal crops. Appropriate rainfall is beneficial to rejuvenation and jointing of overwintering crops and sowing and emergence of spring crops. In ancient times, the so-called "rain gives birth to hundreds of valleys" embodies the significance of modern agricultural climate of "Grain Rain". However, too much rain or severe drought will often cause harm and affect the later yield. Grain Rain is in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, which not only points out its agricultural significance, but also shows that "spring rain is as expensive as oil".

Local custom

April 20th every year is the Fisherman's Day in Rongcheng City, Shandong Province. This festival originated from Grain Rain Festival. Fishermen in the northern coastal areas of China have celebrated Grain Rain Festival for more than 2,000 years. During Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty (182 1), it was renamed Fisherman's Day. On this day in Grain Rain, fishermen in Shandong coastal areas prayed for the blessing of Poseidon, smooth sailing and a bumper harvest of fish and shrimp. Therefore, today, wealthy fishermen in Rongcheng held a grand "sea sacrifice" activity in the Grain Rain, toasted Poseidon, and then set sail for fishing.

In the old days, a Japanese Grain Rain painting, Zhang Tianshi, was posted on the door in Linfen, Shanxi, named "Forbidden Scorpion". Shaanxi Fengxiang Scorpion Curse is woodcut, which shows that there is a great demand. It was printed with the words: "In Grain Rain, in mid-March, scorpions showed off their bravado. God chicken bites, poisonous insects turn into water ... "In the center of the picture, the rooster holds the insect with a big scorpion under his paw. This painting is printed with a spell. The saying that the rooster cures the scorpion has been circulating among the people for a long time. Back to the fifty-fifth ghost story novel of Journey to the West, the Monkey King Pig Bajie is no match for Scorpion Essence, and Guanyin knows that he can't get close to him. So we had to ask the Monkey King to invite Pleiadian officials, and it succeeded. Pleiadian officials were originally a rooster with two crowns. It is described in the book that the Pleiadian star official showed his prototype-the rooster, and the rooster called out to the scorpion essence, and the scorpion essence immediately showed its prototype, which was a scorpion the size of a pipa. The cock crowed again, and the scorpion died delicate on the hillside. Scorpions are also forbidden in Shandong folk customs. Xiajin county annals in the sixth year of Qing Qianlong: "Grain Rain, cinnabar forbids scorpions." The folk custom of "banning scorpions" reflects people's feelings of expelling pests and longing for harvest and peace.

There was a custom of "going to Grain Rain" in ancient times. On this day, young women in Grain Rain visited relatives in the village, and some people came back after walking in the wild.

According to the custom of picking tea in southern Grain Rain, it is said that drinking tea on this day in Grain Rain will clear fire and ward off evil spirits and improve eyesight. Therefore, no matter what the weather is in Grain Rain, people will go to Chashan to pick some new tea to drink.

Toona sinensis is eaten in northern Grain Rain, and it is the season for Toona sinensis to go on the market around Grain Rain. At this time, Toona sinensis is mellow and refreshing, with high nutritional value. It is said that Toona sinensis is tender as silk before the rain. Toona sinensis has the functions of improving immunity, invigorating stomach, regulating qi, relieving diarrhea, moistening skin, resisting bacteria, diminishing inflammation and killing insects.

Grain Rain's custom of offering sacrifices to Cang Xie, Wen Zu, and Grain Rain's offering sacrifices to Cang Xie, Baishui County, Shaanxi Province, is a folk tradition that has spread for thousands of years since the Han Dynasty.

Tea drinking custom

Grain Rain tea, that is, tea before rain, is spring tea picked in Grain Rain season, also called spring catechu. The moderate temperature and abundant rainfall in spring, coupled with the recuperation of tea trees in winter for half a year, make the buds and leaves of spring shoots plump, green in color, soft in leaves, rich in vitamins and amino acids, and make spring tea taste fresh and fragrant. Grain Rain tea has a bud and a leaf or a bud and two leaves. Tea leaves with buds are soaked in water like ancient guns with labels, called flag guns; A bud and two tender leaves are like sparrow's tongue, called sparrow's tongue; With Qingming tea, it is a good product in a year. Generally, the price of tea before rain is relatively economical, the shape in water is good, and the taste is not inferior to that of tea before Ming Dynasty. Most people who drink tea usually prefer Grain Rain tea. The Chinese Tea Society and other relevant departments proposed that the annual lunar calendar "Grain Rain" should be regarded as the "National Tea Day" to hold various tea-related activities.

National custom

Sacrifice to the sea: In Grain Rain season, the sea gets warmer, and hundreds of fish go to the shallow sea, which is a good day to go fishing. As the saying goes, "Go online by Grain Rain." In order to go to sea safely and return home with a full load, fishermen will hold a sea sacrifice in the Grain Rain on this day and pray for Poseidon's blessing. Therefore, the Grain Rain Festival is also called the "strong festival" for fishermen to go fishing. In the past, every village had a temple of the sea or mother. When it's time for sacrifice, fishermen carry their offerings to the front of the temple for sacrifice, while others carry them to the seaside, beating gongs and drums, setting off firecrackers and offering sacrifices to the sea. The scene is very grand.

Go to Grain Rain: There was a custom of "going to Grain Rain" in ancient times. On this day in Grain Rain, young women went to visit relatives in the village, and some people came back after walking in the wild. The implication is to integrate with nature and keep fit.

Sacrifice to Cang Xie, Wen Zu: Since the Han Dynasty, there has been a custom of offering sacrifices to Cang Xie, Wen Zu in Grain Rain and Baishui County, Shaanxi Province. According to legend, Cang Xie created characters and made great contributions to the world. The Yellow Emperor was moved by it and took "Grain Rain" as his reward for creating characters. Since then, there has been a "Grain Rain Festival". Since then, every year during the Grain Rain Festival, nearby villagers will organize temple fairs to commemorate Cang Xie.

Festival activities

After Grain Rain, the temperature rose, and pests and diseases entered a high breeding period. In order to reduce the harm of pests and diseases to crops and people, farmers put up grain rain stickers and prayed to drive away evil spirits. This custom is very popular in Shandong, Shanxi and Shaanxi.

Grain Rain stickers, a kind of New Year pictures, are engraved with images of God's chicken catching scorpions, heavenly master removing five poisons or magical spells, and some of them are also equipped with "The old man in King's Landing is like a law, and snakes and scorpions will never be born in mid-March in Grain Rain" and "The old man came down to earth in mid-March in Grain Rain with seven swords in his hand and scorpion essence alone", which pinned people's psychology of killing pests and expecting a bumper harvest and peace.

Take Grain Rain for example.

There was a custom of "going to Grain Rain" in ancient times. On this day, young women in Grain Rain go to visit relatives in the village or go for a walk in the wild, which means being integrated with nature and keeping fit.

Drink grain rain tea.

It is said that drinking tea in Grain Rain will clear fire and ward off evil spirits, so there is a custom of picking tea in Grain Rain in the south. No matter what the weather is in Grain Rain, people will go to Chashan to pick some new tea to drink in order to pray for health.

It is very popular for fishermen to sacrifice to the sea in the Grain Rain.

Grain Rain season is the time when the sea is warm in spring, and it is a good day for hundreds of fish to go to the shallow sea. As the saying goes, "Ride Grain Rain to surf the Internet". In order to go to sea safely and return home with a full load, fishermen in Grain Rain will hold a sea sacrifice on this day to pray for Poseidon's blessing.

Therefore, the Grain Rain Festival is also called the "strong festival" for fishermen to go fishing. In the past, every village had a sea temple or a mother temple. It's time for sacrifice. Fishermen carry sacrifices to the Temple of the Sea and the Mother Temple, while others carry them to the seaside, beating gongs and drums, setting off firecrackers and offering sacrifices to the sea. The scene is very grand.

Grain Rain eats Toona sinensis.

There is a custom of eating Toona sinensis in Grain Rain in the north. Toona sinensis was listed around Grain Rain. At this time, Toona sinensis is mellow and refreshing, with high nutritional value. It is said that Toona sinensis is tender as silk before the rain. Toona sinensis has the functions of improving immunity, invigorating stomach, regulating qi, relieving diarrhea, moistening skin, resisting bacteria, diminishing inflammation and killing insects.

enjoy flowers

Grain Rain is also an important time for peony flowers to bloom, so peony flowers are also called "Grain Rain flowers". "Three generations of Grain Rain visited peony", and peony appreciation became an important recreational activity in people's leisure time. Up to now, Shandong, Henan, Sichuan and other places still hold peony flowers in Grain Rain season for people to enjoy flowers and get together.

Grain Rain offered sacrifices to Wenzu and Cang Xie.

It is said that "Grain Rain's Sacrifice to Cang Xie" is a folk tradition that has spread for thousands of years since the Han Dynasty. Until now, some places in Shaanxi still retain this custom.

Take a bath to avoid disaster.

In the northwest of China, people used to call the Grain Rain River "Peach Blossom Water". It is said that bathing with it can avoid disasters. Grain Rain Festival is celebrated with "Peach Blossom Water" bathing, hunting and dancing.