Shijiazhuang related information

At the end of 2004, the resident population of the city was 9175,000, an increase of 0.8% over the previous year, including 2173,000 in the urban area, an increase of 2.9%; The city's non-agricultural population was 3.538 million, an increase of 6.8%, and the urbanization process was accelerated. The birth rate of the whole city is 12.28‰, the death rate is 7.24‰, and the natural growth rate is 5.04‰, which is 0.49‰ lower than the previous year.

Shijiazhuang is a city inhabited by ethnic minorities. There are 43 ethnic groups with 64,843 people, accounting for 0.8% of the city's total population. Among the ethnic minorities, the Hui nationality is the largest, accounting for 76.8% of the total population. Mainly distributed in five districts of the city and Wuji County, Gaocheng City, Xinle City, xinji city and Zhengding County. There are 3 ethnic townships and 18 ethnic villages in the city.

administrative division

Shijiazhuang has jurisdiction over 6 districts 17 counties (cities), namely Xinhua District, qiaoxi district, Qiaodong District, Chang 'an District, Yuhua District, Mining Area, xinji city, Jinzhou City, Gaocheng City, Xinle City, Luquan City, Zhengding County, Shenze County, Wuji County, Zhao County, Luancheng County, Gaoyi County and so on. * * * There are 1 14 towns, 108 townships, 43 offices, 4,488 administrative villages, 449 neighborhood committees and 195 family committees.

Traffic communication

Known as the "north-south artery, the throat of Yanjin", Shijiazhuang is an important railway, highway, postal service and communication hub in China. Shijiazhuang Railway Station is one of the three marshalling stations in China and an important passenger and cargo distribution center in northern China. Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, Shitai Railway and Shide Railway meet here, and Huang Shuo Railway crosses the north of our city. Highway traffic extends in all directions, with expressways such as Beijing-Shenzhen, Shitai, Shihuang and Shijie and national highways such as 107, 307 and 308 criss-crossing. Shijiazhuang civil aviation airport has opened more than 20 domestic routes; Local roads are basically connected with oil roads in villages and highways in villages, forming a criss-crossing road traffic network with national and provincial trunk highways as the skeleton and local roads as the branch lines. Postal communication is an important mail processing center in China and a communication network hub in southern Beijing. At present, it can carry out express mail service with 168 countries and regions in the world and 174 cities in China. The total capacity of program-controlled telephones in the city is 6.5438+0.92 million, and the number of mobile communication users reaches 490,000+Unicom and Tietong, making communication very convenient.

General situation of tourism

Since 1980s, the tourism industry in Shijiazhuang has experienced more than 20 years of development and made great progress. It has become a tourist city with very broad prospects in Hebei Province and even in North China, and it is also a resort for domestic and foreign tourists to spend their holidays.

There are abundant tourism resources and a vast tourism market. Shijiazhuang is rich in tourism resources, including cultural resources such as historical and cultural cities, memorial sites of modern revolution, natural resources such as mountains, lakes and hot springs, and unique resources such as customs, business shopping and city sightseeing, which are not only diverse and complete, but also of high development value.

There are 18 national key cultural relics protection units, 105 provincial key cultural relics protection units, more than 240 municipal and county key cultural relics protection units, and more than 200 various cultural relics attractions. There are 2 national-level scenic spots (Cangyan Mountain and Zhangshiyan) and 2 provincial-level scenic spots (Fenglongshan and Tianguishan); Also has a national historical and cultural city-Zhengding, a provincial historical and cultural town-Zhao County; There are 4 provincial tourist resorts (Beaulieu Lake, Cangyanshan, Wentang and Jieshiyan), 1 national forest park (Wuyuezhai), 7 provincial forest parks (Xiantai Mountain, Tuoliang, Nansizhang, Chizhi, Longzhou Lake and Xibaipo) and 6 national and provincial patriotism education bases. The unique provincial capital status and prosperous business provide good conditions for the development of trade, exhibitions and tourism.

Tourism elements are complete and the industry has begun to take shape. Shijiazhuang has formed a relatively complete tourism industry system. There are 24 tourist attractions, 24 star-rated hotels, 2 foreign-related designated hotels 12, 5 designated hotels, and 5 collective and individual tourist hotels10. The total number of tourist hotels in the city is nearly 20,000. There are international travel agencies 12 in the city, 85 domestic travel agencies and 4 designated tourism production plants. There are 2 tour bus companies with direct employees 1.6 million in the city.

The system is constantly improving and the management is increasingly standardized. In recent years, provincial and municipal leaders have attached great importance to tourism. It has promoted the healthy and rapid development of tourism in Shijiazhuang from the aspects of policies, funds, systems and talents. Shijiazhuang City and Zhengding, Jingxing, Luquan, Zanhuang, Pingshan, Yuanshi County, Zhao County, Lingshou, Gaocheng, Mining Area, Gaoyi and other counties (cities) have successively established tourism administrative departments, and scenic area management committees have also been established in key scenic spots. Relevant departments have also studied and promulgated a series of industry management measures, which have accelerated the development of tourism.

Beautiful Shijiazhuang, welcome your arrival!

city construction

In 2004, urban construction developed rapidly and urban roads were further unblocked. The whole line of Huainan Road construction project was opened to traffic, and the new reconstruction projects of main roads such as Tiyu Street and Jianhua Street were completed. The transformation of "villages in cities" has been steadily advanced, and municipal facilities have been gradually improved. At the end of the year, the total length of urban roads was 562.9 kilometers, the road area was/kloc-0.0693 million square meters, and the length of drainage pipes reached 990 kilometers. There are 8 waterworks in our city with a daily water production capacity of 800,000 cubic meters. The total length of the pipeline is 1 162 km, and the annual water supply is 65438+75 million cubic meters.

Urban public utilities have developed rapidly. The total length of gas and natural gas pipeline is 403 kilometers, and 30,000 new natural gas users were added during the year, with gas users17,000. The total length of heating pipelines is 500 kilometers, and the urban central heating area is 42.3 million square meters, an increase of 3.8 million square meters over the previous year. There are 82 bus lines in the city, with 1.703 vehicles, with a line length of 1.089 km and an annual passenger volume of 225 million passengers.

In accordance with the principle of "treating both the symptoms and the root causes, combining dredging and blocking", our city has carried out a series of comprehensive rectification activities focusing on improving the quality of urban atmospheric environment, focusing on special actions such as promoting high-quality low-sulfur coal, flue gas control in key enterprises, dismantling coal-fired boilers, dust pollution control, coal pile pollution control in key enterprises and ash pile pollution control. The air pollution control work has achieved certain results, and the urban environmental quality has been significantly improved. In 2004, the comprehensive index of urban air pollution was 2.68. There were 280 days of fine weather above Grade II in urban areas, and the annual fine weather reached 76.7%, an increase of 69 days over the previous year. At the end of the year, there were four environmental monitoring stations 14 and six smoke control areas in the city, covering an area of 137.8 square kilometers. The city's industrial smoke and dust emission compliance rate is 98%, the industrial enterprise wastewater emission compliance rate is 98%, and the industrial solid waste disposal utilization rate is 90%. Landscaping has been significantly improved. At the end of the year, there were 35 urban parks, an increase of 7 over the previous year, and the park area was 593 hectares, an increase of 172 hectares over the previous year. The urban landscaping area is 4,366 hectares, and the landscaping coverage area is 4,944 hectares, increasing by 525 hectares and 505 hectares respectively; The per capita public green area is 7. 1 m2, an increase of 1.6 m2 over the previous year.

opening up to the outside world

In 2004, the city's import and export continued to maintain rapid growth. The total value of foreign trade import and export in the whole year was US$ 3.66 billion, up by 3.0 1% over the previous year, of which US$ 2.88 billion was exported, up by 23.5% (the statistical caliber of customs import and export was adjusted, and the growth rate was calculated according to the same caliber after adjustment). Among exports, foreign-invested enterprises exported 690 million US dollars, up by 20.8%, state-owned enterprises increased by 6.2%, and collective enterprises increased by 2.3%.

Increase investment attraction, and the utilization of foreign capital and domestic capital will increase substantially. In 2001, 95 foreign-invested enterprises were newly approved, with a contract value of US$ 470 million and contractual foreign investment of US$ 350 million. The actual utilization of foreign capital in the city was US$ 352 million, up by 33.8%, of which foreign direct investment was US$ 330 million, up by 36.5%, and the growth rate increased by 1.9 percentage points. The city introduced 654.38+0.302 billion yuan of foreign capital, an increase of 2.86 billion yuan or 28. 1% over the previous year.

Culture and art

Shijiazhuang has a long cultural history. Polo performance in Tang Dynasty, music performance and palace ci singing in Northern Song Dynasty all left a lasting impression on Zhengding, an ancient city. In particular, Bai Pu, one of the "Four Masters of Yuan Opera", created Yuan zaju such as "Tang Qiuyu" and "Going to the Wall at once", which have been sung through the ages. Sixian Opera is one of the oldest operas in Hebei. The repertoires such as Empty City Yin He, Bailuo Mountain and Yang Jiajiang performed by Shijiazhuang Sixian Troupe are deeply loved by urban and rural audiences. On the land of Shijiazhuang 15848 square kilometers, there are also many art forms, such as running dry boats, walking on stilts, running bamboo and horses, dancing dragon lanterns, dancing lions, whipping the overlord, etc., as well as folk songs and dances such as "pulling flowers", "official umbrellas" and "Changshan drums", which can be described as a hundred flowers blooming and competing for beauty. The folk flower show, composed of these traditional art forms, gradually moved from Tiantou and Temple Fair to the street square of the city, and boarded the palace of elegant art.

Besides colorful folk songs and dances and yangko art, there are many colorful folk crafts in Shijiazhuang. Xinji city is named "the hometown of modern folk painting" by the Ministry of Culture. Simple peasant painters are characterized by exaggeration and romance, reflecting beautiful rural scenery and yearning for a better life, and enjoy a high reputation at home and abroad.

Shijiazhuang is a city rising with the opening of modern railways. Reform and opening up provide Shijiazhuang with opportunities to participate in the international economic cycle and build a modern metropolis. Although Shijiazhuang has not been established for a long time, its development and changes are amazing.

Over the years, under the leadership of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government, Shijiazhuang has continuously increased its cultural investment and developed its infrastructure rapidly. The activities of "Well-off Cultural Project" and "Colorful Weekend Cultural Project" listed in the "Five Major Projects" have achieved remarkable results, and five state-level and eight provincial-level culturally advanced counties have been built in the city. At the same time, artistic creation, production and performance show a good development momentum. At present, there are 19 art performance groups, 22 art performance venues and 300 mass cultural institutions in Shijiazhuang. In terms of quantity, there are basically art galleries in cities, cultural centers in counties and towns, and cultural stations in towns and villages. There are 20 public libraries in the city, with stacks 1 each, with a total collection of 1, 71.4000 volumes. In recent years, Shijiazhuang's artistic creation has won 33 national awards and 60 provincial awards, among which "Dianshang Renjia" by modern Ju Ping won the Seventh National "Five One Project" award, and Ju Ping's "Hu Yue" and "Dou Eyuan" won the Excellent Drama Award and Excellent Performance Award at the First China Pingju Festival.

The prosperity and development of the cultural market, to a certain extent, has met the multi-level and multi-faceted cultural consumption needs of the broad masses of the people, and has played a positive role in improving the investment environment in Shijiazhuang and promoting the construction of two civilizations. At present, there are 298 scientific research and technology development institutions at or above the county level in the city, including 98 professional research institutions, 54 institutions of higher learning and research institutions, and 146 technology development institutions of large and medium-sized enterprises. There are 5,500 schools of all levels and types in the city, with more than 2 million students. Shijiazhuang achieved a total income of 654.38+0.2 billion yuan from high-tech technology, industry and trade, and won the title of "National Advanced City through Science and Education" for three consecutive times.

By 2004, there were 27 art performance groups and 22 art performance venues in the city. There are 25 cultural centers and art groups, 2 1 public library with 2.8 million books. The comprehensive coverage of broadcasting is 99.2%, and that of television is 99. 1%.

ancient history

Shijiazhuang is located in the south-central part of Zhao Yan, with the majestic Taihang Mountain in the west and the North China Plain in the east, which is the only way for western Hebei to enter Shanxi. This is a new city with a history of only a hundred years. But the counties (cities) under its jurisdiction have a long history. As early as more than 6,000 years ago, our ancestors thrived here, engaged in various production activities and created splendid ancient culture.

Ancient cultural sites

Baifokou Site: The site of ancient culture discovered in Baifokou village in the suburbs today, with a large number of stone axes, stone pots, stone knives and ceramic stoves unearthed. According to research, it is about 6000 years ago and belongs to the Neolithic Age.

Nanyangzhuang Site: Since 1977, the ancient Nanyangzhuang site in Zhengding County has been excavated one after another. In addition to important remains such as houses, pottery kilns, stoves, tombs and ash pits, a large number of pottery, stone tools and bones have been unearthed. Archaeology shows that the ancient residents here were mainly engaged in agriculture and hunting. They built a house and began to settle down. There are many kinds of grinding stone tools used in daily life, the pottery industry is developed, and the primitive textile industry has appeared. With the development of agriculture and animal husbandry and the expansion of social division of labor, men gradually replaced women's dominant position in production, and human society changed from matriarchal clan commune to paternal clan commune.

Site of Shang Dynasty in Taixi: According to historical records, Shijiazhuang was directly ruled by Shang King. Therefore, the Shang Dynasty sites here are very rich in cultural relics, almost all over the counties (cities). Such as Xiaokezhuang in Zhengding, Taixi in Gaocheng, Shuangmiao in Zhaoxian, Guzhuang in Wuji Town, Licun in Yuanshi County, Zanhuang Zhaili, Wild Crane in Pingshan, Beizhai in Lingshou, Luancheng Temple, Qiu Xi in Gaoyi, huzhuang in Luquan North, Tongle Zhongtong Village in Xinle and du cun in the western suburbs. Among them, Gaocheng Taixi Shang Dynasty site is the most famous.

Since 1973, archaeologists have carried out a large-scale excavation in the west of Gaocheng Taixi, covering an area of more than 2,000 square meters, and achieved very important results. Among them, houses 14, two wells, ash pits 133, tombs 1 12. Most of the houses are built above the ground, and a few are semi-crypt, ranging from single rooms, double rooms and three rooms. Human skulls and animal bones were found in many places under the pillars, corners and door shafts of the house, and the foundation of the house was laid. In tombs, besides the owners, there are slaves and livestock buried alive or killed alive. It can be seen that the oppression and exploitation of slaves by slave owners in Shang Dynasty was very cruel.

The iron-edged brass cymbals unearthed in Taixi are made by forging meteorites into thin blades and casting them on the bronze cymbals. It shows that as early as BC14th century, the working people in China had a preliminary understanding of iron and used it. This provides valuable material data for studying the Iron Age in China.

A "sickle" with a length of 20 cm and a width of 5.4 cm was unearthed in the slave tomb, which is the oldest surgical medical instrument found in China. A number of medicinal specimens such as peach kernels have also been unearthed. These findings provide valuable evidence for the study of ancient medicine and medical history in China.

Xizhang Xizhou Site: This site is located in the east of Xizhang Village, Yuanshi County, with Huaishui in the east and 3 kilometers from the county seat in the north. It is 350 meters long from east to west and 3 10 meters wide from north to south, covering an area of about 654.38+10,000 square meters. It belongs to the Western Zhou Dynasty. The chrome inscription on the bronze wares unearthed from the ancient tomb reveals the country where the Zhou Dynasty was located and its geographical position, confirms the sealed area of the State of Xing Hou in the early Zhou Dynasty, fills the historical blank and provides new historical materials for studying the history of the Western Zhou Dynasty.

Warring States, Qin and Han dynasties

A Thousand Rides Country-Zhongshan Country

Zhongshan played an important role in the Warring States Period. The ancients said: "The Warring States Period is so ups and downs, and Zhongshan hides and governs it." However, due to the loss of history books, it is difficult for future generations to understand its historical features. In recent years, great discoveries of cultural relics archaeologists have provided us with this possibility.

Rise of Zhongshan State: Zhongshan State was founded by Xianyu, a tribe of Bai Di people who was still in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties and distributed in northern Shaanxi. In the early spring and autumn period, they moved to the vast areas east of Taihang Mountain, generally including Baoding and Shijiazhuang. Xianyu has been in frequent contact with Central Plains countries through wars and trade, constantly absorbing advanced culture, and gradually improving social productivity, becoming stronger and stronger. Finally, the ministries of Germany were unified and the country was established. Later, he was repeatedly attacked by Jin and Wei and died. In 378 BC, Duke Huan restored the country and decided to move the capital to Lingshou City (now Shan Zhi Township, Pingshan County), which has a dangerous geographical position and superior natural conditions. At this time, Zhao, Wei, Qi and other vassal States were too busy for hegemony and merger to take care of Zhongshan State. Sun Yat-sen made full use of this important opportunity to develop economy, strengthen national strength and open up territory. The ruling area borders Yan State in the north and Zhao State in the south, and Shijiazhuang area is basically under its jurisdiction. Its position is second only to the Seven Heroes of the Warring States, and it is also called "the country of thousands of cars" with the Eastern Zhou, Song and Wei.

Capital of Sun Yat-sen: Lingshou Site, the capital of Sun Yat-sen, is located in Shan Zhi Township, Pingshan County, with Dongling Mountain and Niu Shan in the north, Hutuo River in the south and Lingshou County 10 km in the east. The city walls have long since disappeared. From the preserved underground rammed soil foundation, it is known that it is 4.5 kilometers long from north to south and 4 kilometers long from east to west, with an irregular triangle, built according to natural terrain and a wall thickness of about 2.7 meters. The city is divided into two parts by the north-south wall. The northern part of Dongcheng is a palace building area, and the southern part is a handicraft workshop and residential area. The northern part of Xicheng is Wangling District, and the southern part is commercial area, residential area and agricultural area. The palace is magnificent in architecture and luxuriously decorated. Handicraft industry is developed, and workshops have a fine division of labor. It can be seen that Lingshou, the capital of that time, was very prosperous, not inferior to Handan of Zhao and the summer capital of Yan State.

Many precious cultural relics have been unearthed from the tomb of King Zhongshan. Such as bronze, herringbone bronze, bronze pattern of gold, silver, dragons and phoenixes, fifteen bronze lamps and bronze lamps of silver figurines in the tomb "Zhaotu" (the earliest map of China), which fully showed the highly developed level of Zhongshan handicraft production in the middle of the Warring States Period.

The demise of Sun Quan: After Sun Quan became powerful, he pursued the policy of pro-Qi and hatred against Zhao, and often harassed the border of Zhao. At the end of 4th century BC, Zhao took advantage of the political corruption in Zhongshan and launched a crusade against Zhongshan. In 307 BC, King Wuling of Zhao attacked Zhongshan State, which was severely frustrated. In 305 BC, Zhao attacked Zhongshan again, and the cavalry marched in. The king of Zhongshan reluctantly ceded four cities to temporarily avoid extinction. In 300 BC, Zhao launched a large-scale war aimed at destroying Zhongshan State, sending 200,000 troops for five years, and finally captured Lingshou, the capital of Zhongshan State, in 296 BC, and Zhongshan State was destroyed. Since then, Zhongshan has been owned by Zhao.

Li Mu, a famous soldier in the Warring States.

Li Mu, a native of Zhao County, was a famous soldier of Zhao at the end of the Warring States Period. He is rigorous and resourceful in running the army. When he led the troops to the northern part of Zhao, he killed the Huns with a strange array, so that the Huns did not dare to invade the territory.

Li Mu saves the nation: At the end of the Warring States Period, the State of Qin began the campaign to unify the six countries. In 236 BC, Qin took the battle of Yan and Zhao, sent troops to attack Zhao, and Zhao's army was defeated. In 233 BC, Qin Jun attacked the Hutuo River, and Zhao was in danger.

General Zhao Li Mu was ordered to guard the northern territory of Xiongnu and go south to save the country and resist Qin. Li Mu, with a great army, went all the way day and night, and rushed back (now southwest of Gaocheng) to confront Chi. Qin Kun is arrogant. Without knowing Li Mu's strength, he rushed out and was beaten to flight by Li Mu's aggressive cavalry. After the Ferret War, Li Mu led the army to defeat Qin Jun many times in Jingxing area. Li Mu made great contributions to saving Zhao Li.

Qin Shihuang's deviant plan: After Qin Bing's defeat, the king of Qin realized that although Zhao lost Lian Po, he still had Li Mu. In order to cut off Li Mu, Qin plotted a deviant plan. Qin bribed his favorite Zhao with a large sum of money. Guo Kai was jealous and greedy, and falsely accused Li Mu of rebellion in front of the prince of Zhao. Zhao, who was fatuous and incompetent, listened to rumors, killed Li Mu and ordered his army to guard Jingxing. The king of Qin was overjoyed when he heard the news, and sent general Wang Jian to lead the army eastward. Zhao Cong was incompetent and Jingxing fell. In 228 BC, Wang Jian captured Handan. Zhao, who killed Zhongliang, was captured and Zhao died.

During the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Gaozu and Emperor Wendi sent Lu Jia to Panyu twice to persuade Zhao Tuo to enter the DPRK. Zhao Tuo attached great importance to the reunification of the motherland and readily agreed. In order to show respect for the King of Yue, Emperor Wendi of Han Dynasty expanded Zhao Tuo's ancestral grave in the southeast of ZhaoLingpu Village village in this suburb.

Zhao Tuo has made great contributions to the development of Lingnan area, the promotion of ethnic integration and the maintenance of the reunification of the motherland.

Last battle, Han Xin.

The Han army attacked Zhao: After Qin's death, in 206 BC, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang fought a famous Chu-Han war in order to become emperors. Zhao Wangxie took the opportunity to restore the country. In 206 BC, Han Xin, a general of the Han Dynasty, took advantage of the battle of Xiang Yu and Shandong, copied the back road, moved eastward into Jingxing, and attacked Zhao. Zhao Wangxie and Prime Minister Chen Yu assembled 200,000 troops to intercept the Han army in Jingxing, and the famous "last battle" broke out in history.

Back water array: Han Xin led the Han army to camp at 15km along the Jingxing ancient road. After careful investigation, Han Xin designed a bold battle plan. In the middle of the night, Han Xin sent two thousand hussars, each holding a banner, to sneak into the forest near Zhaoying, and sent ten thousand troops to the east bank of Mianman River, with their backs to the river array (according to legend, in Weishan Town today). When Zhao heard that there was a water array behind Han Xin, he laughed at his ignorance of the art of war. At dawn, Han Xin led a great army, held high the Han flag and headed for Jingxingkou. Chen Yu led the army to meet, drums thundered and horses neighed. After a long scuffle between the two armies, the Han army pretended to be defeated, abandoned its flag and armour along the way and retreated in the direction of Mianman River. Chen Yu led the army to pursue the Han army's back water array, and the two sides fought fiercely. The soldiers of the Han army knew that there were enemy troops in front and rivers in the back, and they were trapped in the "death country". They are in a desperate situation and all fight to the death. At this time, 2000 cavalry lurking near Zhao Ying took the opportunity to raid Zhao Ying, unplugged Zhao Qi and changed to Han Qi. Chen Yu, who has been invincible for a long time, ordered the retreat. On the way back, I suddenly saw Zhao Ying full of flags. The soldiers were frightened and their morale was in chaos. The main force of the Han army occupying Zhao Ying and Han Xin were attacked before and after, and Zhao Jun fled in panic. Chen Yu led the remnants to flee south and was captured and beheaded in Zanhuang. This is the famous battle in the history of ancient wars, the Battle of Feishui. After the war, the soldiers asked Han Xin why he had to carry water array. Han Xin said, didn't Sun Tzu's Art of War say that "if you are trapped, you will be born later, and the later will stay"? Han Xin's flexible application of the Art of War is a pioneering work in the history of ancient wars.

Three Kingdoms, Jin Dynasty, Southern and Northern Dynasties

Ownership and national integration in Shijiazhuang area

Ownership of Shijiazhuang area: During the Three Kingdoms period, Shijiazhuang area was under the jurisdiction of Wei State. In 280 AD, the Western Jin Dynasty unified China. Due to the intensification of ethnic conflicts, in 3 10, Jiezu led Jie and Xiongnu soldiers to capture Changshan, and Shijiazhuang was controlled by the post-Zhao established by Jiezu. 3 17 The Western Jin Dynasty perished. During the Sixteen Kingdoms period, the pre-Qin established by Murong Mu of Xianbei nationality and by Di successively controlled this area. After the Battle of Feishui, the former Qin Dynasty collapsed and the north fell into a state of separatism. Hou Yan, founded by Mu Rongchui of Xianbei nationality, and the Northern Wei Dynasty, founded by Tuoba of Xianbei nationality, fought in Shijiazhuang area. After 397 years, Zhongshan (now Dingzhou), the capital of Yan State, was occupied by soldiers of the Northern Wei Dynasty. In 439, the Northern Wei Dynasty unified the Yellow River Basin. During the Northern Dynasties, Shijiazhuang belonged to the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Northern Qi Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty.

Ethnic Minority Immigrants: During the post-Zhao period, officials, nobles, gentry and businessmen of minority Jie and Xiongnu moved to Shijiazhuang. During Yan Qian and Qin Dynasty, some Xianbei people and Jie people moved in. Sun Yat-sen and Shijiazhuang, the capital of Houyan, belong to the capital city, and a large number of Xianbei people moved in. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Tuoba Xianbei and other ethnic minorities also moved in in large numbers. At that time, the minority population in Shijiazhuang accounted for more than 20%. Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty implemented the land equalization system, reunified the land and farmers, and promoted the recovery of production and the integration of all ethnic groups.

Shu Zhao Jiang yun

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the warlord group dominated and fought with each other. In the war-torn years, there have been some man of the hour, and Zhao Yun is one of them.

Make friends with Liu Bei: Zhao Yun, Changshan Zhending (now Zhengding). Youth is an era of political corruption of the rulers and poverty of the people in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Zhao Yun witnessed the desolation of the land and the misery of starving to death everywhere, and was determined to get rid of chaos and do something big.

In A.D. 19 1 year, Zhao Yun led many people to take refuge in warlord Gongsun Zan. It happened that Liu Bei was working in Gongsun Zan, and they met and became friends. Zhao Yun found that Gongsun Zan had no ambition and ravaged the people, so he made an excuse to return to China. 199, Liu Bei took refuge in Yuan Shao. Once in Yecheng (Linzhang, Hebei), Zhao Yun met Liu Bei, and Liu Bei sent Zhao Yun to organize a team for him, becoming the earliest armed force of Liu Bei.

Was named "Shunping Hou": In 2008, Liu Bei was defeated by Cao Cao in Changbanpo, Dangyang, Hubei. Zhao Yun risked his life to protect Liu Bei's wife and youngest son, Dou, and boldly attacked Cao Jun three times. To this end, Zhao Yun received a promotion award.

Zhao Yun can proceed from the overall situation and not seek personal gain. In a battle in the south, Zhao Yun captured Xia Houlan, the general of Wei. Xia Houlan is Zhao Yun's hometown and has been a friend since childhood. Zhao Yunben wanted to keep Xia Houlan, but considering that he was proficient in law and suitable for military law, he recommended Liu Bei to entrust him with an important task to give full play to Xia Houlan's talents.

In 2 14, Liu Bei marched into Sichuan. Zhuge Liang, Zhao Yun and Zhang Fei led the troops to attack the west and occupied many places. Later, they besieged Chengdu, forcing Yizhou Mu (the leader of Sichuan separatist regime) Liu Zhang to surrender. At that time, Liu Bei wanted to give the houses, fields and mulberry fields in Chengdu to the generals. Zhao Yun suggested to Liu Bei: "In today's uncertain world, we should make every effort to achieve great things, and never covet temporary pleasure. We should return the people to live and work in peace and contentment, secure the country and the people, and resist strong enemies. " After listening, Liu Bei readily adopted it.

In 2 19, Soochow captured Jingzhou, and the general Guan Yu was defeated and beheaded in Zhang Xiang (now northeast of Dangyang, Hubei). Liu Bei was furious and wanted to send troops to attack Wu Dong and avenge Guan Yu. Considering the overall situation, Zhao Yun suggested to Liu Bei that the main enemy at present is Cao Wei, not Dongwu. Now that Cao Pi has proclaimed himself emperor, we should send troops to attack Wei. If you go to war with Soochow and make enemies on both sides, the consequences will be unimaginable. Liu Bei didn't listen to Zhao Yun's advice. In 222, he sent his troops to attack Wu Dong and suffered a crushing defeat. Soon, Liu Bei died in Baidicheng (now northeast of Fengjie, Sichuan).

In 229, Zhao Yun died of illness at the age of 70. Buried in the east of Jinping Mountain in Chengdu. Because of his loyal and peaceful life, he was named "Shunping Hou" by posthumous title. Zhao Yun has been through many battles all his life, and has repeatedly made outstanding achievements. He is called the ever-victorious general. Together with Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Ma Chao and Huang Zhong, they are called "Five Tiger Generals" in Sichuan.

Wei Zhi, statesman.

Wei Zhi, a politician in the early Tang Dynasty, was born in Quyang, Juluxia (now Jinzhou). Have great ambitions since childhood. At the end of Sui Dynasty, he participated in the peasant uprising of Wagangjun, and then returned to Tang Dynasty with Shimei. Li Shimin was the prime minister at that time. He has put forward more than 200 suggestions to Emperor Taizong, such as "You should listen to everything, but be partial to the dark", saving taxes, being prepared for danger in times of peace, refraining from extravagance and frugality, and "being virtuous and remonstrating", which was highly valued by Emperor Taizong. In 633, he was ordered to compile the history of Liang, Chen, Qi, Zhou and Sui. After Wei Zhi's death, Emperor Taizong missed him and sighed: "With copper as a mirror, you can dress; Looking at the past as a mirror, we can see the rise and fall; Take people as a mirror, you can know the gains and losses. Wei Zhi died (dead), and I (the emperor claimed) died (lost) a mirror! "When sorting out Wei Zhi's relics, I found a piece of paper that said,' There are good and evil in the world, good is the security of the country, and evil is the disadvantage of the country'." This can be said to be Wei Zhi's last sermon.

Yan Gaoqing fought against the rebels

Raise the rebel flag: In 755, An Shi Rebellion occurred in the Tang Dynasty. An Lushan Rebel Army went south from Fanyang (now Beijing), crossed the Yellow River, occupied Luoyang, and went straight to Tongguan, intending to take Chang 'an. At this time, Shijiazhuang belongs to Changshan County, and the county governance is in Zhengding (now Zhengding). Yan Gaoqing, the magistrate of Changshan, hated the Anshi rebellion. In order to curb the rebel army's westward advance, Yan Gaoqing joined forces with tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians in Hebei, raised the banner against the rebel army, and bashed An Lushan's rear troops in Shijiazhuang area.

An Lushan, in order to relieve worries, immediately sent Shi Siming to attack Changshan directly from the north. Yan Gaoqing faced fierce enemies, calmly fought and repelled rebel attacks many times. Tens of thousands of soldiers were killed, and Yan Gaoqing was unyielding, denouncing An Lushan's rebellious behavior. The evil An Lushan executed Yan Gaoqing and more than 30 members of his family.

Yan Gaoqing led his counter-insurgency, which effectively dealt a blow to the rear forces of the rebels and created conditions for Li Guangbi and Guo Ziyi to put down the rebellion later.

Luquan, Lucheng and Fangshan were renamed: Before the Anshi Rebellion, Huolu County was called Quanxian County. According to legend, Chu and Han contended, and Han Xin went east to attack Zhao in Jingxing, killing a white deer in a clear spring. Xinji city is called Lucheng County and Raoyang County. Pingshan County is called fangshan county, which is named after Fangshan in China. Hu Sansheng's Note: "Liu Xu said: Ming Di opposed An Lushan and changed to catch deer in Changshan Luquan and make deer in Raoyang Lucheng." The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty also records: "In March of the fifteenth year of Tianbao, Changshan County was changed to Pingshan County, fangshan county was Pingshan County, Luquan County was Huolu County, and Lucheng County was Shulu County." It can be seen that the reason why the three counties changed their names at the same time is to show their determination to quell the Anshi rebellion. Luquan and Lucheng counties were renamed to capture An Lushan, and Fangshan County was renamed Gaiping Mountain to see the rebellion.

Zhao Zhouqiao: Zhao Zhouqiao is located on the Weihe River in the south of Zhao County. Zhao County was called Zhaozhou in ancient times, so it is also called Zhao Zhouqiao, and the local area is called Dashiqiao. Zhao Zhouqiao was built in the Sui Dynasty, and it has been well preserved for over 300 years.

Zhao Zhouqiao has not only high-level architectural technology, but also beautiful plastic arts. In particular, the application of "open-shouldered arch" has a far-reaching impact on the later bridge construction in China. It is the first open-shouldered arch bridge in the world, more than 700 years earlier than similar bridges in Europe.

Zhengding longxing temple: commonly known as the Great Buddha Temple, located at the east gate of Zhengding City today, is a large-scale and well-preserved Buddhist temple complex in early China and one of the top ten famous temples in China. Longxing temple was built in the sixth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty, formerly known as Longzang Temple. It was expanded in the Song Dynasty and renamed longxing temple, and has been rebuilt ever since. In the early Qing Dynasty, it was changed to longxing temple. The main building in the temple is the Great Compassion Pavilion, which contains a bronze statue of the giant Buddha with a height of 22 meters, which was ordered by Zhao Kuangyin, Song Taizu. The proportion of Buddha statues is even, the clothes are smooth, the face is beautiful and the eyes are kind. It is the largest existing bronze Buddha statue in China, showing the excellent casting and carving art in ancient China.

Zhengding Ancient Pagoda: There are four ancient pagodas in Zhengding today: Lingxiao Pagoda, Xumi Pagoda, Huata Pagoda and Chengling Pagoda, all of which were built during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. These towers show people the exquisite architectural art of ancient times. Among them, Chenglingta is located in Linji Temple in the south of the city. According to records, Yi Xuan, a famous monk in the Tang Dynasty, presided over the temple and founded Lin Ji, one of the five schools of Zen in China. After Yi Xuan's death, disciples built the Chengling Tower to hide its mantle.

Buddhism prevailed in Japan in the Southern Song Dynasty. Japan's Rong and monks came to China to study twice, and introduced Linjizong to Japan, which became an important branch of Japanese Buddhism and had a great influence in Japan. In recent years, Japanese Buddhism has sent delegations to visit Zhengding Zuta many times. They planted pine and cypress in front of the pagoda, symbolizing the eternal friendship between China and Japan.

Cangyanshan Bridge Hall: Cangyanshan is located near Hujiatan in Jingxing County today. According to legend, Princess Nanyang in Sui Dynasty became a nun and was an important temple forest in Shijiazhuang. Fuqing Temple is an important temple in Cangyan Mountain, and Qiaolou Temple is one of the main buildings of Fuqing Temple, which is built on a single-hole arched stone bridge with a length of15m and a width of 9m. The stone bridge flies between two cliffs, flies over a stream with a depth of 100 meters, and floats like a rainbow. There are more than 300 steps under the bridge, and you can reach Qiaolou Temple by climbing the steps. Its architecture is a pavilion-style building with nine ridges and double eaves, which has the architectural characteristics of the early Qing Dynasty and is one of the wonders in the architectural history of China. The existing Qiaolou Temple was rebuilt after being burned in Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty.