"Two Tigers Defending Chang 'an" in Xi 'an's Old History

? Speaking of Chang 'an, it may always be a resounding name in the hearts of Chinese people. However, since the Song Dynasty, Xi 'an began to fade out of the center of history. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Xi 'an was within the national territory, but its status was not what it used to be. After entering modern times, the disasters in Xi 'an, the ancient capital, broke out one after another. From the wars of Cao Machao in Xi 'an during the Three Kingdoms period, Chang 'an was reduced to ruins several times, and then to the chaos in Chang 'an, Huang Chao at the end of the Tang Dynasty. It seems that good luck has never befallen this ancient capital, and 1926 Xi's siege of An has become the most painful memory of this city. It is estimated that many modern Shaanxi people, including xi people, have forgotten that traumatic past!

? 1926, the chaos in China reached a new height. As mentioned earlier, the Guangzhou National Government began the Northern Expedition in this year, and Chiang Kai-shek and Li Zongren made the Northern Expedition. However, the old warlords Wu, Sun and Zhang reached an "understanding" because of the Northern Expedition of the National Government, and joined forces to repel the enemy of the South, and the South immediately became a mess. At the same time, the northwest land is not calm.

During the Republic of China, except for a few years after the Central Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi, the northwest region was basically not the focus of attention, and not many warlords were interested in this region. At this time, but so do dungans was controlled by the national army, which was brought up by Feng Yuxiang, that is, the Northwest Army. The national army is divided into three parts, namely Feng Yuxiang's national army, Yue's national army and Yang Hucheng's national army.

At that time, the First National Army was resting in Inner Mongolia and Ningxia, three armies of Yang Hucheng were in Shaanxi, and the second national army with the largest force suffered a devastating blow in Henan: Yue, the new commander, was unfamiliar with military affairs, and 6,543,800 troops were defeated by Liu Zhenhua, a bandit leader recruited by Wu Xin in western Henan, almost completely annihilated. Liu Zhenhua was ambitious and immediately prepared to attack Tongguan westward and occupy Xi 'an. He called on his brothers to go to Xi 'an to rob money, food and women for a "good life". In fact, he gathered 100,000 rabbles and named them "Zhensongjun". Soon Zhen Songjun entered Tongguan, and in April 1926, Zhen Songjun arrived.

? At that time, Li Huchen of the Second Army was stationed in Xi 'an. He gathered some defeated soldiers of the second army and counted their numbers. A * * * less than 5000 people, strength. Li Huchen is very helpless. He thought of Yang Hucheng, a national army stationed nearby. He called Yang Hucheng: "I'll keep it if you come, and I'll give Xi 'an to Liu Zhenhua if you don't come." Yang wanted to think, took it. Only about 10000 people, the strength is still very different, but in any case, we must persevere. Later, people in Xi 'an called it "two tigers guarding Chang 'an".

Yang Hucheng, a native of Pucheng, Shaanxi Province, was born as a swordsman, and later launched the xi Incident with Zhang Xueliang.

Yang entered Ann from there, and Liu Zhenhua immediately attacked Ann. 1926 From mid-April to mid-May, the town of Song Jun kept charging day and night, but little progress was made and there were great casualties. Liu Zhenhua, after all, is a bandit. With a change of mind, he sent someone to catch thousands of civilian workers, build a long trench and surround Xi 'an. In June, when the wheat near Xi 'an was ripe, Liu Zhenhua sent people to harvest and make food rations. In order to prevent the national army from being brought into the city, the fire was completely burned. At that time, "smoke covered the sun during the day and candles shone at night." During this period, a teacher in Liu Zhenhua named Wang Zhen volunteered to be an attacker of the death squads, but asked Liu Zhenhua to give tens of thousands of dollars as a cash reward, and asked him to give some money to his brothers after the job was done. Liu Zhenhua was helpless, so he took out tens of thousands of oceans on the spot and gave them to Wang Zhen. Under the four questions, there will be brave men. Wang Zhen and the soldiers were really desperate. Many people climbed up the city wall, and the garrison commander Sun Weiru took his broadsword and grenades.

In White Deer Plain, Lu and Bai Ling became attached to each other because of the encirclement, but they finally parted ways.

In July, the food in Xi 'an city was on the verge of being eaten up, and the people did not have enough to eat. They want to go out of town, but where can they go? At the same time, in order to stabilize the people's hearts, Yang Hucheng stipulated that it is strictly forbidden to go down to the people's homes to collect grain. Zhao, the lieutenant's adjutant under Yang Hucheng, was beheaded for violating this catch, and the soldiers did not have enough to eat. Later, all the rats and livestock in the city were eaten up. After autumn, the weather turned cold, which made things worse. Every day, a large number of people fall on the street, and it is easy to eat. Xi 'an is a hell on earth, and the horror there is really indescribable.

Seeing the situation getting worse every day, Erhu began to think about his own ending. They once had such a conversation: Li: "The idea (Shaanxi dialect, another name for the person with the same name) is extremely scarce and has no source. What should I do? " Yang: "Let's talk about it after the fight!" Li: "What should I do after the fight?" Yang: "Hit the wall with a brick!" "Li:" What if the city brick is finished? Yang: "We both died in the bell tower! " .

Words are divided into two ends. Although Yang has prepared for the worst here, fortunately, God has not completely abandoned this ancient capital. Yu Youren, a veteran of the Kuomintang, ran around shouting about the tragic experience in Xi 'an, denouncing Liu Zhenhua as a "tragic figure", which attracted attention from all walks of life. At the same time, the national army that was resting in Inner Mongolia finally waited for its master Feng Yuxiang, who returned from the Soviet Union. He brought a lot of weapons and equipment to reorganize the national army. /kloc-In September of 0/7, Feng Yuxiang was sworn in in Wuyuan, Suiyuan (Inner Mongolia), joined the Kuomintang and became a member of the Northern Expeditionary Army. Immediately, he sent his troops south to prepare for the siege of Xi 'an.

Yu Youren, Yu Youren, a native of Sanyuan, Shaanxi Province, was a veteran of the Kuomintang and a great calligrapher.

Far water can't put out the near fire, and the main force of the national army is far away in Saibei, and the situation here in Xi is urgent. Feng Yuxiang ordered Sun Liangcheng, an old subordinate stationed in Pingliang, Gansu, to go to Shaanxi for clearance first, and Sun Liangcheng had to move eastward without stopping. 10 At the beginning of October, Sun Liangcheng led his troops to Weihe River, and Liu Zhenhua immediately sent troops to stop it. How can he spit out the meat already in his mouth?

/kloc-in October, Sun Liangcheng organized soldiers to cross the Weihe River. The weather is cold, and the Weihe River is freezing cold. The soldiers crossed the river with guns in their hands and felt waist-deep water. Many people were killed and frostbitten by the town of Song Jun across the river, but Sun Liangcheng didn't give up. After crossing the river, Song Jun was at war with the town, and Liu Zhenhua began to retreat. Seeing this, he was furious and even killed two brigade commanders who took the lead in escaping and ordered the troops to return. Although it was Sun Liangcheng, he sent a telegram to Feng Yuxiang: "If I am overwhelmed, please go to General (Feng Yuxiang) to look for my body near Xi 'an." Feng Yuxiang called back and told Sun Liangcheng that reinforcements were on the way, and I would shoot anyone who was late, so Sun Liangcheng continued to stick to it. By the middle of 1 1 month, all the troops had finally arrived. Sun Liangcheng assembled all the troops under a unified command. Defeat Song Junjun in one fell swoop and relieve the siege of Xi 'an. 165438+20061October 27th.

Feng Yuxiang's subordinate Sun Liangcheng took the lead in clearing Xi 'an Temple. Later, during the Anti-Japanese War, he turned to the Japanese. After liberation, he was detained and died in Suzhou prison. His heroic performance in the siege of Xi should not be forgotten.

165438+1On October 28th, the national army entered the city from the northwest corner of Xi 'an, which had been blasted in the previous counterattack. Feng Yuxiang was the first to enter the city and immediately began the reconstruction of Xi 'an. The people in the city were very touched, but because they were extremely hungry and weak, they couldn't stand at all. They could only climb up with the pillars and walls, waved their hands, and never said a word again. Yang Hucheng told Feng Yuxiang: "If you come one day early, you will starve to death, and if you come one day late, you will starve to death in the whole city." Feng Yuxiang was filled with emotion.

According to the statistics of Feng Yuxiang and his subordinates afterwards, before the siege, there were about100000 soldiers and civilians in Xi 'an. At this time, there were only more than 40 thousand soldiers and civilians, most of whom starved to death and died in battle. This is really a disaster and a human tragedy. During the nearly eight months and more than 200 days from April to the end of 165438+ 10, the soldiers and civilians in Xi 'an were extremely difficult, but they never gave in and were very respectable. Later, Yang wrote a couplet in calligraphy: "Life is eternal, and death is eternal. Work with the Sanqin, resentment with the Sanqin ",silently left the army and went home. To commemorate Feng Yuxiang's rescue, Xi 'an people built a new door on the blasted gap, which has been passed down to this day.