Nursing knowledge of neonatal delivery

Nursing knowledge of neonatal delivery

Nursing knowledge of neonatal confinement. A child is the heart of a mother. A mother needs confinement just after giving birth to a child. Children are born weak. At this time, parents need extra care. Next, I will take you to know about the related contents of neonatal nursing knowledge.

Nursing knowledge of neonatal confinement 1

1, sleeping position.

Sleeping posture affects breathing, and the newborn's head is soft. Good sleep is beneficial to head development. It is recommended to use a comfortable pillow with a thickness of about 1~2 cm, a slight depression in the middle and a slightly downward head.

It is best to lie flat or on your side to avoid pressing your chest. It is recommended to sleep on your side after feeding, so as to avoid suffocation caused by overflowing or choking milk. When lying flat, always change your posture; Due to the large amount of activity, full-term infants can take prone position in the first few days after birth to facilitate the discharge of respiratory secretions and prevent vomit from flowing back into the trachea. But when they lie prone, they must take the pillow to their heads and be accompanied by their parents.

2, baby clothes

Newborn babies' underwear (including diapers) should be mainly soft and absorbent cotton fabrics, and it is best not to use chemical fiber or printing and dyeing fabrics; The clothes should be light in color, which can detect dirt and prevent dyes from irritating the skin of newborn babies; Clothes should be as loose as possible, which should not affect physical activities and should not be worn too tightly. Baby clothes should be washed separately.

3. Infant breastfeeding

The feeding of newborn babies is a science. Doctors believe that breastfeeding as early as possible, usually about half an hour after the baby is born. If the mother does not secrete milk for the time being, try to let the newborn suck the nipple to promote milk secretion and enhance the relationship between mother and baby.

Breast-feeding mothers should wash their hands and clean their nipples before feeding. When breastfeeding, it is best to suck one breast first and then change the other side to prevent the accumulation of residual milk in the breast. If there is still excess milk in one breast after one feeding, it should be squeezed out to promote normal lactation and avoid milk deposition or secondary infection. Burp after feeding to avoid aspiration pneumonia caused by spitting milk.

When artificially feeding, the nipple size should be moderate, and pay attention to the temperature. When feeding with a nipple, try not to let the baby inhale air to avoid spitting milk. Pat the back after feeding to avoid gas accumulation. In addition, bottles and nipples should be strictly boiled and disinfected. Don't feed too fast, usually every 4 hours. The principle is to eat well every time: that is, the baby won't cry after feeding and gain weight normally.

4, the baby takes a bath

When the newborn baby takes a bath, the water temperature should be 38~40℃. Cosmetics should be pure natural.

Each bath time should be controlled within 65438 05 minutes. When bathing a newborn, simply wash the skin. Please pay attention to clean the wrinkles on your baby's legs, arms and stomach.

It is hot in summer, and children under 1 year old or even a few months old will increase their activity and sweat easily. It is normal to wash your baby's face twice a day with clear water in summer, and bathing your baby once a day before going to bed is also a good way to relax and get used to it.

5. Nursing care of neonatal umbilical cord

Pay special attention to keeping the navel dry. The umbilical cord of the baby who took a bath a few days ago must not get wet, and it will automatically fall off in about 7 days. Disinfect with 75% alcohol after bathing and wipe around from the center of umbilical root in time. Don't rub back and forth, so as not to bring bacteria from the surrounding skin to the umbilical root.

6. Diapers

Changing the baby's diaper in time and keeping the buttocks dry can avoid the baby's red buttocks (diaper rash).

Use soft, absorbent diapers and cotton cloth, wash and change frequently. Generally, it should be changed more than 4 times during the day and more than 2 times at night. Little ass should be cleaned every time, and suitable skin care products should be applied externally. When the diaper is not wet, try to use diapers with good quality and good air permeability at home and when going out or sleeping. Be careful not to wrap diapers or diapers too tightly, so that your limbs can stretch freely.

Step 7 vaccinate

Newborn babies can be vaccinated with BCG (tuberculosis) and hepatitis B vaccine within 6 hours, and premature delivery, dystocia, congenital malformation, fever, diarrhea and severe eczema will not be vaccinated for the time being.

For about a month and a half, the vast majority of newborns vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine have no abnormal reaction. Newborns vaccinated with BCG may have symptoms such as redness, induration and suppuration of their left arm. Parents don't have to worry, because suppuration is a successful expression of immune effect, but don't rub the suppurated part. In case they get bruised while taking a shower or getting dressed, they should go to the hospital for corresponding treatment.

8. Baby sunbathing

Newborn babies can't be directly exposed to the outside, but can only enjoy the sunshine indoors. When the sun is indoors, don't separate the glass from the screen window, which will reduce the damage of ultraviolet rays.

When the sun shines obliquely, parents can open the window to bask in the sun for their baby. Generally, healthy newborns can bask indoors in the sun after 2 weeks. Parents should be reminded that when sunbathing their children, they should avoid putting them directly in the air to avoid catching cold.

9, baby touch

Babies touch more, and newborns feel insecure. Touching can enhance their sense of security.

The best time for newborn massage is half an hour after meals. Massage gently at first, and then gradually increase the intensity. It is not advisable to concentrate for a long time, and each touch action should not be repeated too much. It should start from 5 minutes and then extend to 15-20 minutes.

Nursing knowledge of neonatal confinement 2 common knowledge of confinement

1. My mother will discharge lochia when she is confinement, and the lochia will be clean about 4 to 6 weeks after delivery. During this period, there are many perineal secretions. It is recommended to clean the perineum with warm water every day and change the perineal pad frequently to keep the perineum clean and dry.

2. You can wash your hair and take a bath during confinement. Generally, you can take a bath and wash your hair one week after delivery, and you can take a bath after 6 weeks. After a week, you must hold on to a bath, not a bath, so as to avoid infection caused by dirty water pouring into the reproductive tract.

3, the room should be ventilated frequently, and the indoor temperature should not be too high, nor should it be high and low. Avoid the wind that the body blows directly to the electric fan. When turning on the air conditioner, don't point the air outlet at the parturient. It is most appropriate to set the room temperature at around 25-28 degrees Celsius.

4. Mothers who want to breastfeed in the second month remember to wash their nipples with warm water before breastfeeding, and do not use soap, alcohol, detergent, etc. In order to avoid removing the natural membrane that protects the nipple and areola skin, it will cause chapped nipple and affect breastfeeding.

5. During confinement, you can do some moderate exercise according to your physical recovery, but you can only sit in bed for a while 8 hours after delivery, and it is best to go to the toilet in bed 12 hours after delivery. During this period, you should avoid standing for a long time, squatting for a long time or doing heavy work to prevent uterine prolapse.

Neonatal care

1. After the newborn is born, it is easy to produce some adverse reactions because it has just come into contact with the external environment. Therefore, mothers should regularly observe the temperature of newborns. The normal body temperature should be 36℃~37℃, which can be higher within the normal body temperature range. Mother should pay attention to the indoor temperature is not too high, otherwise it is easy to make the baby get prickly heat.

2, the newborn's skin is too delicate, the mother should choose clean cotton clothes for the newborn, protect the newborn's skin, and pay attention to whether the newborn has eczema due to allergies.

3. Newborns will defecate within 24 hours after birth and finish it within 3 days. The newborn was dark green at first, and then gradually turned yellow. It is normal that the daily defecation frequency of breast-fed newborns is not fixed. However, it is necessary to record the baby's regular defecation times every day, which can effectively monitor whether the newborn is healthy.

4, do not use gauze to clean the baby's tongue coating. The baby's tongue coating is normal. If you wash it forcibly, it will destroy your baby's taste buds. Babies don't usually touch it.

5. Don't suck your baby's nose with an adult's mouth, and don't buckle it with your hands and cotton swabs, which will destroy the hair inside your baby's nose. You can try dropping a little milk into the baby's nose ditch. When a baby breathes, milk is sucked into his nose. The grease in milk will soften the baby's booger and make it disappear when sneezing.

6. During confinement, the mother should bathe and bathe the newborn every day to keep the newborn clean and comfortable. Remember to wash your ears more often to prevent your baby's ears from festering.

7. After feeding, gently stand the baby up, face outward, and pat the baby with your empty hand for 3-5 minutes to make the baby burp. If the baby doesn't burp after 5 minutes, don't shoot again. Pay attention to the position of the racket. There is a fixed position between the left and right ribs. Don't shoot up and down.

How to do eczema in the second month of newborn? 1. Don't take a bath with hot water. You should change the soap into shower gel. After bathing, apply moisturizing oil to the skin in a large area, which can keep the skin dry and clean and relieve eczema.

2. It is suggested that mothers need to eat some light and digestible food, avoid spicy and irritating food and avoid greasy food. These are not good for the baby's skin. Avoid direct contact between wool products and baby's skin, which will stimulate the baby and is not conducive to the relief of eczema. If eczema has skin damage, avoid irritation with hot water or soap.

3. Pay special attention to the adjustment of infant diet. Overfeeding or overnutrition can lead to abnormal digestion and aggravate eczema, so special attention should be paid in infancy. In order to avoid contact with substances that may cause allergies, such as allergies to eggs, do not add them for the time being. As long as there are no allergens, eczema will not occur.