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A Brief Analysis of Su Shi's Huanxisha and Li Qingzhao's Zuihuayin Hillside Sheep Nostalgia.
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Looking around on Mount Li, Epang Palace has been burned down. Where is the luxury at that time now? I only see the sparse grass, the water turns and bends, and now the hatred is like smoke. Zhou, Qi, Qin, Han and Chu, which of these countries won, became dirt; Lost people, all turned into dirt.
Editorial appreciation of this work
Appreciation 1: Mount Li is located in the northeast of An, west of Epang Palace, with the remains of the palace platform. Du Mu said in "Abang Palace Fu": "Li Mountain is built in the north and folded in the west, reaching Xianyang directly". Abang Palace was built from Mount Li, and then reached Xiwan. Its scale is extremely grand and its facilities are luxurious. In 206 BC, the Qin Dynasty perished, and Abang Palace was burnt down after Xiang Yu invaded Xianyang. Zhang wrote this poem "Li Shan Nostalgia" through Li Shan. The first three sentences, "Li Mountain looks around, A Fang is on fire, where did you get the luxury?" Looking back at the history of Mount Li, it used to be the palace of the Qin Dynasty. After it was destroyed by fire, the singing platform, dance pavilion, gold nuggets and pebbles at that time no longer existed. The author used the question "Where is it now" to emphasize his feelings about the great changes that have taken place since ancient times, which naturally led to the following words: "Only grass is sparse, running water is lingering." There are no luxurious palaces in the past, only sparse weeds and winding rivers. The lack of grass and lingering water increase the emotional weight of the author's nostalgia and injury to the present. Followed by six or seven sentences: "I still hate that tobacco tree. Li Hanchu. " Today, the resentment of Qin Dynasty's national subjugation due to luxury and cruelty has disappeared among the smoke trees. And this kind of national subjugation is not unique to the Qin Dynasty. From the Zhou Dynasty and the Warring States Period to the dispute between Han and Chu, who did not die? In fact, the author has placed an irony here, saying that future generations have forgotten the lessons of the demise of the previous dynasty. After the Yuan rulers seized power, they became more extravagant, completely ignoring the emptiness of the national treasury, and the social economy was in urgent need of adjustment. Zhang was dissatisfied with the situation at that time, but when he thought about the history of other countries, he felt that from seizing political power to extravagant violence and finally dying, it was the same ending as the feudal dynasty. Du Mu said that Abang Palace was "the torch of the Chu people, but it was scorched earth". It is from this that the author extended and wrote: "If you win, you will become dirt; If you lose, you will become soil. " At the end of this sentence, the two sentences are the same, which means that whether you win or lose, the luxurious palace will eventually die out and "all become dirt" We can regard this as a curse to the feudal dynasty and a summary of the social and historical laws of the feudal dynasty. Zhang said at the end of another poem "Goat Tongguan Nostalgia": "Xing, people suffer; When you die, the people suffer. " This is the change of the feudal dynasty from the people's point of view, which brought all the sufferings to the people. And this poem is from the perspective of dynasty rulers. No matter whether the feudal rulers win or lose, they are doomed to perish. Although it is not as profound as the thought of Tongguan Past, it also implies a historical necessity and is quite meaningful. Appreciation 2: Taihe's "Spectrum" says that Zhang's Sanqu is like a symmetrical tree. However, this poem reflects his different characteristics. The famous Mount Li, which has experienced many vicissitudes, has many historical sites. The author climbed the mountain and looked around, feeling a lot. Where did he start writing? Only Epang Palace can best lead the thoughts of authors and readers. Unfortunately, it has been burned by Xiang Yu, and the luxury of that year no longer exists. In front of the author, there are only "sparse" "weeds" and "winding and lingering" "river water". This touched the author's sad mood and realized the ruthlessness and inevitability of historical changes. The "residual hatred" of regime change is like the misty forest in front of us. Where can we find the shadow of "Zhou, Qi, Qin, Han and Chu" in "nationality"? In the long river of history, the rise and fall of the Sui and Tang Dynasties here have also been ruthlessly diluted. How many emperors fought for the world and how did they "win"? How about "losing" and not "all turning into dirt"! As Zhang wrote in the homology of "Nostalgia for North Mangshan", "Even a gentleman should not be called; Even ministers should not be called. " They all did "Dust at the foot of Mount Beimang". What a sad and gloomy sigh! Reading this little song, I was impressed by the author's broad historical vision and his broad mind. There are no difficult words, formidable obscure allusions and gorgeous sentences in the whole song. It is these simple and clumsy words that sang an immortal swan song! "If you win, you will become dirt; If you lose, you will become soil! " This sentence shows the author's understanding of history-the winner is the king and the loser is the enemy, destined to become loess, which is not worthy of envy and praise. Understood as words, it has become a thought-provoking epigram. It's really not vulgar words written by famous artists! Today's poets should learn from the ancients' pursuit of great ingenuity in simplicity and profound writing skills in simplicity. If we can do this, maybe we can create a new face when writing.
Su Shi's "Huanxisha": 1 There are jujube flowers falling on the rustling towel, and there are bells ringing in the south of the village. Cow clothes and ancient willows sell cucumbers 3. The sun is shining, but he is too thirsty. He wants to find some water to drink. Knock on the door and ask the wild family 4. About the author: Su Shi (1037 ~1kloc-0/01), a native of Meishan in the Northern Song Dynasty, is a famous son. He is a famous writer, one of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. He is knowledgeable and versatile, and has high attainments in calligraphy, painting, poetry and prose. His calligraphy is called "Song Sijia" with Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fei; He is good at painting bamboo and strange stones, and also has outstanding opinions on painting theory and calligraphy theory. He is a literary leader after Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his prose is as famous as Ouyang Xiu. Poetry is like the name of Huang Tingjian; His words are magnificent and bold, and his words are graceful and restrained. Known as "Su Xin" with Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty, * * * is an uninhibited poet. Note 1. Jujube flowers have fallen on the towel. Rustle, the way it falls. 2. Reeling cars and wire drawing tools. 3. Cow clothes ","Zhang Chuan "chapter" Sick, no quilt, lying in cow clothes ". In Niu Yi, Volume II of Fan Yanlu written by Cheng Dachang in the Song Dynasty, "In terms of food, Dong Zhongshu said:' The poor often wear clothes of cattle and horses, but eat dog food.' People who wear cow clothes weave grass to keep warm, so that they can be wrapped in hemp fibers and the like. "Here refers to the melon man's rags. Or call it "semi-leaning", such as "Chuancun Poetry": "Try to look at Dongpo's ink as" semi-leaning "and you will know that the word" cow "is wrong." 4. casual and casual. Because I am thirsty and want to have some tea casually, I have to knock at any house. Su Shi's "Connecting to the Savage King's House": "The thirst for wine and the thirst for tea are always outside the door", which is similar to these two sentences. Pi Rixiu's When I Wake Up: "Wine thirsts for tea", which is the essence of this sentence. Appreciating Su Shi's ci, the theme, artistic conception and brushwork have been expanded, and the pastoral scenery that rarely appeared in Su Shi's ci before has also appeared in Su Shi's ci. In the first year of Yuanfeng (1078), it rained after the spring drought in Xuzhou. Su Shi went to Shitan to thank the gods, and made a set of "Huanxisha" entitled "Five Poems of thanking the rain in Xumen Shitan", all of which described the pastoral scenery in early summer. This is the fourth one. Intercept common scenes of rural life. The aroma of jujube flowers, the noise of cars and the leisure of melon sellers constitute a fresh and natural pastoral picture. In the next movie, the writer is tired and thirsty, knocking at the door for a drink. Although Su Shi is a scholar-bureaucrat, he has a heart close to the countryside and claims that "stone is the middleman". There is no difference between "knocking at the door to ask questions" and "savage" here, which can be seen.
Su Shi in Huanxisha (Ⅱ)
You are swimming in Qingquan Temple, near Lanxi Temple, and the stream is westward 1. Under the mountain, the blue buds are short dipped in the stream, and the sand road between the pines is clean and mud-free. Xiao Xiao Fish Order Zigui Crow 3. Who says life can't go back to adolescence? The flowing water in front of the door can still go west! Hugh will sing "White Haired Yellow Chicken 5". Note 1. Qishui, county name, is now Xishui Town, Hubei Province. When traveling with the doctor Pang Anshi (word Anchang), I saw Dongpo's inscription, Volume III, and wrote Qingquan Temple's Ci. 2. Bai Juyi's "Robin on March 3": "The sand road moistens without mud". 3. Mix's yellow faint rain, Bai Juyi's "Send Yin Xie's Rhymes" Note: "Jiangnan Wu Erniang has a lyric cloud,' Mix's yellow faint rain lang does not return'." Zigui, a cuckoo, is said to have been transformed from the soul of Du Yu, the ancient Shu emperor, also known as "Du Yu", with a piercing voice, which is often used in poetry to express the thought of traveling. This sentence should be realistic. But "in front of the door" has its origin. In the Book of the Old Tang Dynasty, a line from a geisha said that there was an old monk in Ji Guo Temple in Tiantai Mountain who could calculate divination. He said, "The water in front of the door should flow westward, and so should my disciples." A group of people went in to apply for a job, "but the fruit in front of the door flowed west." 5. Bai Juyi's "Drunk Song": "Who told you not to understand the song, listen to the yellow chicken and the sky. The yellow chicken is ugly when it reminds the dawn, and it reminds the year before. " The red ribbon around her waist is unstable, and Zhu Yan can't see it in the mirror. Here, the meaning is reversed, that is, don't hurt your white hair and lament your aging. The appreciation of this poem was written in the fifth spring of Yuanfeng (1082). At that time, Su Shi was demoted as an assistant minister of Yong ying in Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) because of Wutai poetry case. This is a great blow to Su Shi's political career, but the word shows an optimistic spirit in adversity. The first two sentences are about natural scenery. In early spring, bluegrass sprouts by the stream, and the path by the stream is clean and muddy, full of vitality. But it ended with the cuckoo whining in the rustling dusk rain. The sound of sub-rules reminds pedestrians that it is better to go home, which adds a bit of sadness to the scenery. However, at the turn of the pen, the altar no longer fell into the depression caused by Zigui crying, but cheered up. As the saying goes, "bloom will open again and people will not be young." The passage of time, like running water flowing eastward, can't stay. But there are always accidents in the world. "The flowing water in front of the door can still flow westward" is not only a real scene, but also a hidden Buddhist allusion. Dongshui can still go back to the west, so why mourn for the boss in vain? It seems simple, but it is worth remembering. First of all, the volume of Ci Jie says: "Pogong has a high rhyme, so shallow language is also extraordinary." The whole poem is permeated with an upward attitude towards life. However, the last sub-regulation's pleading vaguely reflects the poet's situation and also shows the commendable attitude in the poem. Therefore, Chen Tingzhuo's Baiyuzhai thorn said, "The more melancholy, the more bold, the more sincere."
Su Shi in Huanxisha (3)
On February 24th, 2007, Yuanfeng went from Uncle Liu in Sizhou to Nanshan 1, with a drizzle and a slight chill. Light smoke clears the beach. It's getting longer and longer to enter Huaihai and Luo Qing No.2 Middle School. Snow foam milk flowers float in the afternoon light 3, Artemisia annua buds try spring plate 4. Human taste is pure happiness. Note 1. Sizhou, now Sixian County, Anhui Province. Uncle Liu, his life is unknown. Nanshan, the capital of Liangshan, is not far from Sizhou. 2. Luo Qing refers to Luo Jian, which is now the Luohe River in Anhui Province. It originated in Hefei, Anhui Province, and flows northward through Huaiyuan into the Huaihe River. Sizhou is on the north bank of Huaihe River. It is very long and has a lot of water. 3. Snow foam milk flower, foaming when frying tea. Ancient tea, cream color bright white, delicate foam. Su Shi's "Xijiang Moon" (Bellon's masterpiece this year): "The soup is full of white clouds, and the floating flowers are light and round." 4. Polygonum hydropiper: the bud of Polygonum hydropiper. Artemisia seedlings, lettuce seedlings. Spring Festival, a custom since the Tang Dynasty, is called Spring Festival at the beginning of spring, where spring cakes, lettuce and so on are served. Be given as a gift to relatives and friends. The writing day is not far from beginning of spring, so we should try it first. Appreciate this as a vagrant word. In the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), Su Shi was transferred from Huangzhou to Ruzhou (now Linru, Henan). On the way to his post, he stopped in Sizhou. This word was written while playing with friends in Nanshan near Sizhou. The first part is about the scenery seen in Nanshan: the slightly cold weather is a deliberate "doing" of "drizzle and oblique wind". The weather is fine, and the willow on the beach seems to be "charming". When you enter Huaiqingluo in front of you, it seems that you are drifting away and seeing the vastness. Unintentional scenery, in the eyes of a willing heart, seems to be affectionate everywhere. The next movie is about lunch break and a tea picnic. Good milky white tea with fresh wild vegetables has a unique flavor. The theme of the whole poem finally falls on the word "Qing Huan", which shows the author's appreciation of the artistic conception of life. The whole poem is elegant in style, and you can feel the author's elegant and calm state of mind. It is because of this state of mind that you can taste the unique feeling of life.
Su Shi in Huanxisha (4)
The wind pressure is light, the clouds fly with the water, and the swallows compete for mud in the billiards hall. Shen Lang is too weak to bear the weight of clothes. There is no letter in the sand, and the time between bamboo forests is sad to hear the partridge. My deep feelings are only known by falling flowers. Appreciate that this is a Spring Festival carol. The first film is based on scenery and emotion, first real and then virtual; The next piece is the combination of reality and reality. The whole word is mixed with scenes, and the realm is wonderful. "The wind pressure is light and the clouds fly with the water, and the Yan Qing pool competes for mud." At first, the author outlined a vibrant spring painting with a simple pen. He didn't use strong colors or flowery words, but sketched the scenery such as wind, clouds, water, swallows and mud with the breath of early spring. On a sunny and round spring day, the author wandered inside and outside the billiard hall, only to see the gentle wind blowing on the earth, thin clouds flying behind the water, the weather in Chu Qing, and the new swallows whispering with mud. Facing this beautiful spring scene, the author went on to say, "Shen Lang is too ill to get dressed." In Shen Yue's classic, the author says that his waistline has been reduced and he has become thinner, and he is more vulnerable when the sun is shining and the air is fresh. In this way, happiness and sadness are in contrast, and their sadness is deeper. The three verbs of press, stick and fly make the first sentence form a series sentence, which shakes the whole picture. The second sentence is about the interaction between time and space, Chu youth, inside and outside the billiards hall. These two sentences are brightly colored. The third issue is about the author himself. Because of his extroversion, the whole picture suddenly turned from bright to gloomy. In this way, the aesthetic effect of ups and downs is produced, and the dynamic beauty of words is increased. "I don't listen to the letter from Hongyan on the sand, but I listen to the partridge in the bamboo." A book handed down by Hongyan is from Biography of Wu, in which poems and words are often used. Now even Hongyan doesn't send messages. The crowing of partridges always reminds the poet of the past days. "On the beach" and "in the bamboo forest" are the habitats of Hongyan and Partridge respectively, and they are also the scenery that the author may see when he looks up. When the author exiled Huangzhou, he wrote about the situation, "All the cold branches are picked up and refused to live, and the lonely sandbar is cold" ("Bu Operator lives in Dinghuiyuan, Huangzhou"), which is similar to this word. "This feeling is only known when the flowers fall!" Empathy turns the ignorant fallen petal into a bosom friend and knows the author's mood. This kind of feelings into the scene, so that the scene into one, particularly intriguing. The word "only" shows that people don't understand the author's mood except falling flowers; And fallen petal can understand the author's mood, precisely because of the fate of the author and fallen petal; But unfortunately, the fallen petal is speechless, even if it understands the author's mood, it is not comfort.
Huanxisha Li Qingzhao (I)
The content of spring steamed buns is more sloppy, and the wind falls on the courtyard at the beginning of May, and the clouds are thin under the moon. Jade duck smoked the brain, Zhu Ying covered the tassel, and rhinoceros also relieved the cold. Author brief introduction Li Qingzhao (1084- 1 155? Yi Anju was born in Zhangqiu, qi zhou (now Jinan, Shandong). He is famous for his ci and has a high artistic attainments. Father Li was a famous scholar at that time, and husband Zhao Mingcheng was a textual research scholar. In his early years, he lived comfortably, and once cooperated with Ming City to collect and sort out calligraphy and painting stones. The nomads from the army entered the Central Plains and lived in the south. Ming Cheng died of illness and was in a lonely situation. In his lyrics, he wrote about his leisure life in the early stage, lamented his life experience in the later stage, and was deeply touched. Some of them also showed nostalgia for the Central Plains. In form, it makes good use of line drawing, forms its own school and has beautiful language. On the theory of ci, he emphasized harmony, advocated elegance and affection, put forward the theory that ci is different from one family, and opposed the method of writing poetry. He can write poems, but he doesn't keep much. Some of his poems are old and lyrical, which is different from his style of ci. There are Collected Works of Yi 'an Jushi and Yi 'an Ci, which have been lost. Later generations have a collection of Yu Shu's ci. There is a collection of Li Qingzhao's school notes today. (Cihai, 1989 edition) Annotation lazy "flowers and plants Nazi compilation" is "carelessness". The poems of celebrities in past dynasties are "boring". Jade duck incense burner: a duck-shaped incense burner made of jade (or white porcelain) for lighting incense. There are various shapes of smoking stoves, such as Kirin, lion and duck. The material is also different from gold, brass, brass, iron, jade and porcelain. Ruinao: a kind of spice name. Zhu Ying bucket account: bucket account, including bucket account. Fringe: refers to the drooping ear of curtains, usually made of five-color feathers or colored lines. Heritage rhinoceros: rhinoceros refers to rhinoceros horn. Heritage should be a "communication" mistake. Appreciating this word is the work of Li Qingzhao when she was young. The author draws two light and elegant pictures by line drawing: one is the outdoor "The Picture of spring night Wounded by a Boudoir" and the other is the indoor "The Picture of a Sleeping Night". Different feelings are expressed by basically similar typical images, thus forming their own unique artistic conception. The two pictures set off each other, complement each other and are full of fun, highlighting the theme of the text.
Huanxisha Li Qingzhao (Part Two)
The content is embroidered with hibiscus smile, the oblique flying treasure duck is lined with fragrant cheeks, and the eye movements are guessed. On the one hand, it is full of charm, on the other hand, it is charming and hateful, giving you a deep affection. Embroidered surface: Before the Tang and Song Dynasties, women's denominations and cheeks were covered with decorative patterns. Lotus: Lotus means very beautiful here. Fei: The imperial concubine duck in the poems of past dynasties refers to the crow-shaped pattern on both cheeks, which can be referred to the female paintings of the donors in Dunhuang murals, or it is considered to refer to the imperial concubine hairpin with duck-shaped hairpin head, hairpin and decoration on the head of ancient women. Sweet cheeks: beautiful and fragrant cheeks. One side: the whole face. Style: love between men and women. Rhyme: Peugeot. Stationery: Paper refers to stationery and poetry stationery. The word appreciation should be regarded as Yi 'an's early works. Write a charming woman tryst with her sweetheart, and write a letter to say goodbye to her. Portrait description adopts contrast, contrast and profile description. The language is lively and natural, the style is cheerful and handsome.
Li Qingzhao in Huanxisha (3)
Don't make a cup of dark amber, melt it before you get drunk, you should be late. The brain is fragrant, the dream is broken, the cold golden bun is loose, and the time and space are red to candlelight. Note: Don't. Amber: The resin of pine and cypress has been accumulated underground for hundreds of millions of years, and it is brown or reddish brown. Amber is thick, which means that the color of the wine is very thick and the color is like amber. Sparse bell: an intermittent bell. Ruinao: the name of incense, also known as borneol, is borneol. Soul dream: that is, dream soul, refers to the soul of a sleeping person. Breaking the cold gold: "Shuo Wen Jie Zi": "In the Three Kingdoms period, Kunming paid tribute to Wei to wash the golden bird. Bird-shaped finches, yellow in color, often soar on the sea and spit gold quietly like millet. In winter, this kind of bird is afraid of frost and snow, so Emperor Wei took the greenhouse as a shelter and called it a cold platform. Therefore, it is said that this gold is cold gold. " Therefore, the poet called the precious fine gold "cold gold is small", which means that the fine gold headdress is small. The creation of Yuefu elegant ci is "broken" and wrong. Hairstyles: Two hairstyles of ancient women. Candle flower: a knot formed when a candle burns. The appreciation of this word should have been written by Li Qingzhao when she was young. Write about the hostess's lateness to solve her worries with wine, the loneliness of waking up, and the infinite parting. Through the comparison before and after the dream, the heaviness and sadness of the young woman are set off from the side. Writing the whole word of acacia, but without the word acacia, has the artistic characteristics of graceful words.
Huanxisha Li Qingzhao (4)
Content The idle window in the small courtyard is already deep in spring, the heavy curtain is not heavy, and the lyre leans against the floor without words. In the distant mountains, the dusk is in a hurry, the wind is blowing and the rain is beating, and the shade is light. Pear blossoms are hard to thank. Comments on the idle window: the initial "middle window" covered the "idle window" with a diaphragm. Idle, idle. Idle windows are generally used for leisure. Heavy: refers to the dark boudoir, with heavy shadows. Li Qilv: Li, adjust and tune, which generally refers to playing the piano. Lyre: Jade is an ornament, a beautiful piano. A remote cave: a distant mountain. Dusk: Evening, dusk. Breeze: A breeze. Light shadow: dark and bright. The appreciation of this word belongs to Li Qingzhao's previous works. The author uses the artistic technique of blending scenes and implicit brushwork to write the melancholy feelings of the hostess who was hurt by spring. Injury to spring and pregnancy complement each other. The words "Cui" and "Nong" are both beautifully refined. The word "Nong" writes a stormy animated picture, which shows the lonely mood of the hostess Cumin. Li Qingzhao in Huanxi Sand (5) The red sun is three feet high, and the golden stove adds fragrance to the beast, and the red brocade lichen wrinkles every step. Beauty dances with golden hairpin, wine can't smell flowers, and other halls can smell flute and drum. Note: Red Sun, in another version, is "curtain day". Three feet is transparent, three feet is virtual. It refers to the height of the sun rising. Penetration: through the golden furnace, don't be a "beauty". The golden furnace is a copper incense burner. Secondly, it is fragrant animals in turn: animal fuel made of spice carbon chips. Lichen: carpet. Beauty: refers to ladies-in-waiting. Dance, don't be a beauty. Dance a tune according to the rhythm of the music. Slip: Slip. Wine is disgusting (e triple), don't be a "wine drinker" Also known as "Chinese wine", it means slightly drunk. When it comes, don't be a "time stain" or "time will". Pick it up often. Flowers: This refers to flowers. Smell: Smell. Biedian: the place where the emperor lived.
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