Personal and external factors affecting volleyball players and their adjustment strategies

Personal and external factors affecting volleyball players and their adjustment strategies

Abstract: the movement and change of everything have internal and external reasons, and people are no exception. Therefore, everyone's behavior is bound to be influenced by the external environment and has its own characteristics, and through these behaviors, we can analyze the heart of traveling. Only by knowing ourselves and ourselves can we be invincible. In the volleyball match, if the athletes are influenced by the environment too much and reflect too many psychological conditions in their behaviors, they will fall behind. What measures should be taken in volleyball competition to adjust the psychology of athletes and reduce the adverse effects caused by psychological factors? This paper will analyze the influence of psychological factors on volleyball players' competition and corresponding countermeasures.

Keywords: psychological factors of volleyball players.

With the continuous development of contemporary sports and more scientific training methods, more and more coaches begin to pay attention to the exploration of the role of athletes' psychological factors in the competition and find out the corresponding countermeasures. In addition, many coaches begin to pay more attention to psychological training in their daily training, requiring athletes to face the psychological level of the competition even in their daily training and build a strong inner world for them to better adapt to every atmosphere and moment of the competition. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary for coaches to analyze athletes scientifically, and then help athletes overcome the adverse effects of psychological factors on the stadium from different angles.

First, the individual factors of athletes in volleyball matches

Through observation, it is found that the state of some athletes on the field is quite different from that in daily training. Usually the level is stable, but there will be many mistakes in volleyball match. This phenomenon is closely related to the athletes' internal factors to a great extent, mainly in the following aspects.

(A) the problem of adaptability

For most people, being content with the status quo is better than wandering around, and accepting life is better than changing the world. Therefore, when entering a strange environment, people's rejection will often prevail, subconsciously leading to physical stagnation. So do volleyball players.

The venue of volleyball matches is often unfamiliar to athletes, and the venues and equipment used by athletes before the game are also unfamiliar. It takes some time to adapt and adjust. Adaptable athletes will soon find their sense of the ball, integrate into the environment, find and seize the opportunities on the court, and play their normal level. However, athletes with relatively poor adaptability will have anxiety, anxiety and anxiety in unfamiliar environment. Such a psychological state is very unfavorable to the game, and it is easy to distract the athletes' attention on the field, and then make mistakes and eventually lose the game.

(B) personal mentality problems

As an individual living in the volleyball team, every athlete will have different ideas and different mentality when facing different opponents. These psychological factors have different effects on the game.

When the opponent's strength is equal to his own, the spirit of the players will be highly nervous and nervous. Especially when the scores of both sides reach the match point, this situation will be more obvious. Sometimes this kind of pressure will be transformed into motivation, but more often, it will lead to athletes' stiff limbs, unsynchronized body and mind, irregular movements, and pre-designed tactics can't achieve their goals. When the opponent's strength is far from his own, athletes will despise his opponent, be too careless, and have a lax mentality. Under the influence of this mentality, it is easy to be caught off guard by opponents and even miss the chance to win.

(3) the purpose of the competition

Unlike some athletes, winning the team in the volleyball match is not his goal. These athletes are full of heroism. They just showed their abilities blindly in the game, but they didn't cooperate with the team's battle plan and ignored the overall situation in the game. Naturally, it is easy to lose the game.

(4) The word self-confidence is often mentioned in life, and self-confidence based on loyalty and self-improvement in life plays a huge role.

However, some athletes will still show confidence on the field. This is largely due to the athletes' unfamiliarity with technical movements, lack of competition experience and ignorance of other teams.

Usually, athletes hesitate to serve, block, buffer or hit the ball, miss the chance to score, or the action is not smooth enough and full of flaws, which makes the opposing team take advantage of it. On the other hand, because an athlete's mistake made his team lose points, the psychological pressure of the athlete and even the whole team increased sharply, and they became more insecure and timid, and dared not continue to respond to their opponents, which eventually invalidated the overall strategy and tactics. At the same time, when the score in the volleyball match continues to be anxious, athletes feel the influence of nervous atmosphere and unconfident factors from the bottom of their hearts, which will make them play abnormally and cause more mistakes.

Second, the external factors of the players in the volleyball match

(A) caused by team psychological factors

As the old saying goes, if you fight alone, your strength is limited, and you are United and invincible. This shows the importance of teamwork. As an individual in this world, everyone's strength is small, but when individuals appear in the team, they will become extremely powerful. In a team, everyone is interdependent and supportive. Only when everyone's goals are the same, the pace under their feet will be so firm.

However, in the volleyball match, the tacit understanding of the whole team and the mutual trust between the players will be reduced because of a player's unintentional loss. Once these situations happen on the field, it will exert great psychological pressure on the mobilization in the distance, so that the cooperation of all links will be separated and the victory will be missed.

(B) Psychological factors caused by daily training

Drops of water wear a stone, ten minutes on the stage and ten years off the stage are also applicable to volleyball matches. For a skilled volleyball player, his achievements and glory are inseparable from his daily training. However, there are also some athletes in life who don't pay much attention to daily training because of their high talent and good understanding. Without long-term uninterrupted routine training, the skills mastered by athletes will naturally not be very skilled. It is normal to feel guilty when you meet an opponent with equal strength on the field, which will also lead to the defeat of the game.

(3) Psychological factors caused by the objective environment The environment mentioned here includes not only the geographical position in space, but also the factors in time, in other words, all the factors existing in the objective world. The coach should admit that the influence of environment on people's mental state can not be ignored, whether it is time, place, weather or atmosphere, it will affect the athletes' mental state.

Just like sunny weather will make athletes relax; The home game will make athletes excited, and the regular training time will make athletes enter the state faster; The warm atmosphere formed by the audience shouting will greatly stimulate the athletes' psychology. On the other hand, if all the above factors are just the opposite, it will inevitably cause heavy psychological pressure on athletes and make them play abnormally in the competition.

The above problems are different psychological factors in the subjective and objective external environment, which will affect the performance of athletes in volleyball matches. Only by further overcoming these problems and constantly strengthening athletes' psychological state can they play their normal level, even surpass it, and achieve better results in the competition.

Third, psychological factors adjustment countermeasures

Although people's survival and development can not be separated from the environment, although the environment is imperceptibly affecting and changing a person. However, Chernyshevski once said that "the environment affects people's growth, but it does not exclude the free expression of will." In other words, people can resist the adverse effects of the environment on their own survival and development through their own subjective initiative, so coaches need to take the right way to help volleyball players make psychological adjustments.

(1) The first step to adjust the mentality of volleyball players is to tell themselves that no matter what kind of opponents they face, their mentality should be peaceful, and they should neither despise weaker players nor feel timid in front of powerful opponents. We should respect each opponent and improve the athletes' own strength in the process of competing with each opponent. Athletes should constantly strengthen their inner world, so as not to change color, no matter what happens on the field, they can be calm and calm against the enemy.

When an athlete can keep a normal mind under any circumstances, this mentality will help the athlete adapt to and get familiar with the surrounding environment as soon as possible, seize the favorable opportunity on the court, and stably exert the training level. When the athletes can reduce the psychological factors revealed in their behaviors, the opponents can't perceive the athletes' inner thoughts from their behaviors, and thus infer the tactics of the whole team. At the same time, when athletes learn to use their strong psychological quality to oppress their opponents and destroy their psychological defense, they will win the final victory faster.

But it takes a long time for athletes to change their mentality, so athletes should also master some tips to adjust their mentality on the spot. For example, athletes can relax their inner tension by adjusting their breathing frequency, relax their mentality by diverting their attention, and stabilize their emotions by psychological hints.

(2) correct misunderstandings in your mind. When an athlete tries to be brave on the field, a person's heroism will not make the whole team get a qualitative leap. On the contrary, athletes will drag down the whole team and lead to the failure of the whole team. Therefore, every athlete is required to put himself in the whole environment, integrate his own strengths into the whole team and realize his own value in the whole. Don't destroy the unity of the whole team because of your temporary publicity and complacency.

(3) Pay attention to team building For a volleyball team, every member of this team is different and will have his own personality, which requires that every athlete in the team should be tolerant and understand each other. For a volleyball match, defense, attack and other links need to be coherent through tacit cooperation between athletes, which requires every athlete in the team to believe and affirm each other. In fact, all athletes are eager to win the competition, but there are too many uncertainties in the competition. Therefore, for the mistakes that have occurred in the game, it is required to mobilize far away from blaming and blaming each other, but to trust and comfort teammates and give encouragement.

In addition to athletes' own actions, coaches need to communicate with athletes in time in daily training, deal with contradictions among athletes and cultivate athletes' team consciousness. At the same time, establish team spirit in team building, guide the progress of the team with team spirit, and realize the long-term development of both the team and the athletes.

(IV) Strengthening Daily Training Coaches should ensure the training time of each athlete every day and improve the training quality of athletes in a limited time. In other words, in daily training, it is necessary to strengthen the accuracy of athletes' completing every movement, lay a solid foundation for them, and avoid the state of guilty conscience when encountering enemies. In the usual training, the coach should conduct simulated competition training for the athletes, lead the athletes to participate in the competition as much as possible, watch more excellent volleyball teams and accumulate a lot of competition experience. At the same time, the coach should accurately analyze the environment before the game to help athletes understand the situation clearly. They should neither be overly optimistic nor underestimate the enemy's carelessness and make full preparations for the battle.

Athletes should actively cooperate with coaches in their scientific training, and at the same time correctly analyze their accumulated practical experience in each competition, explore a road with personal characteristics and the most suitable for their own development, and overcome the adverse effects of psychological factors in the competition.

Summary:

People have subjective initiative, and psychology and behavior interact. It can be said that psychology determines behavior, and behavior is the external manifestation of psychology. Therefore, it is necessary to make a scientific analysis of athletes' psychology, use scientific methods to guide athletes to improve their psychological quality, and deal with every game with strong psychological quality. At the same time, we should attach importance to the training of athletes' basic skills in daily training, and promote athletes to form a positive attitude on the basis of solid training. The coach should train athletes from technology to psychology in all directions, coordinate all factors, choose the most suitable model for athletes, and realize their better development.

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