How to raise orchids and water them?

Light is the energy source of plant photosynthesis. Without light, plant photosynthesis cannot be carried out, and without photosynthetic products, plants cannot grow. Orchids are native to street trees in Shan Ye. The trees sway with the wind, which makes the scattered light in the street trees appear alternately, forming a "semi-cloudy" lighting condition. This "semi-cloudy", that is, in the days when the sun is like fire in midsummer and autumn, the shading should be 70%? 80%。 Different orchid varieties, different artistry, different time and region have different requirements for shading. For example, the shade of cymbidium is 60%? 70%, Cymbidium hybridum, Cymbidium hybridum can be around 70%, Cymbidium hybridum and Cymbidium hybridum can be 80%? 85%。 Ordinary orchids can be around 80%, and high-grade orchids, crystal orchids and map orchids should be around 90%. Floral orchids and common linear orchids can be fully illuminated before 9 am and after 4 pm on sunny days; High-grade linear orchids, crystal orchids and spotted orchids should be semi-shaded. The shading density in the "furnace" area should be increased by more than 5%.

In winter and spring when the light is weak, except for high-grade linear orchids, crystal orchids and soil orchids, it needs 60%? Except for 70% shading, other orchids can be fully illuminated, every day on sunny days 10? 14: 30 shading.

Accordingly, it is best to set the sunshade net in the orchid shed to be movable, so as to increase or decrease the sunshade density as required. Shading should be as close as possible to the plastic film or glass on the roof, and there should be a gap of about 30 cm between the nets. Shading should be set outside the plastic film or glass, so that the shading effect is good. If it is set in a shed, its shading effect will be greatly reduced.

In addition, in the display of potted orchids, a lot of light should be displayed in the places where light is most often involved. Orchids have phototaxis, so it is best to adjust the basin direction four times a month to avoid the leaves leaning to one side. Especially on the side with new plants, it should be in the direction of sufficient light when sprouting, which is conducive to the germination and healthy growth of buds.

As the weather changes, so does the light. Sunny to cloudy, cloudy to sunny, sunny to rainy, sunny after the rain, the weather is changeable, and the light changes frequently. Therefore, it is best to adjust the shading degree appropriately with the intensity of light. In particular, high-grade linear orchids, crystal orchids and spot orchids are not resistant to strong light. If the shading degree is not adjusted in time, it will often lead to sunburn. In addition, if the shading density is kept constant regardless of the light intensity, the germination rate and flowering rate of orchid plants will naturally not be adjusted in time. The Cymbidium hybridum and Xia Lan are terrestrial Cymbidium hybridum, and the energy obtained by photosynthesis of green leaves is used to maintain and prolong life and carry on the family line. The power source is sunlight, which absorbs carbon dioxide, releases oxygen and increases the nutrients needed by orchids through the chemical action of chlorophyll in their leaves. Bulbs and roots are digested and decomposed at night, and carbon dioxide is converted into sugar, and then various protein is formed, which is transported to all parts of the whole plant by the flow and pressure of water and air to make it grow and expand. Day after day, potted orchids can grow seedlings and bloom. This is probably the relationship between orchids and the sun.

Another relationship between the sun and orchids is the temperature of the orchids it carries. Chunlan and Xia Lan have grown in nature for thousands of years and are also closely related to sunlight and temperature. General experience, in 20~25℃, direct sunlight, the chemical reaction between chlorophyll and light in orchid leaves is very fast, and the grass grows vigorously. Above 30℃, chlorophyll in grass leaves will automatically decrease, and the color of leaves will fade, gradually forming a gray visible film to reflect sunlight and prevent burns. This situation can only last for a short time. After a long time, the whole orchid plant will gradually die from the tip of the leaf, especially the old grass will turn yellow first and then die. When the temperature is lower than 20℃, orchid leaves can also automatically adjust the amount of chlorophyll, increase chlorophyll to absorb more sunlight, thus absorbing more carbon dioxide and ensuring the nutrition needed for orchid growth. This function is formed by orchids growing under trees, forests and grasses for many years. So orchids are not only sunny, but also resistant to shade. But orchids, after all, are driven by sunlight and grow and reproduce by the temperature brought by sunlight. Excellent leaf species of orchids can withstand the high temperature of 45℃ for a short time under the condition of shading, which will scorch the leaves for a long time. In the sun, it can withstand the low temperature of -5℃ in a short time, but temperature is an important condition.

Orchids can grow at low temperature because of their shade tolerance, but they need enough sunshine in winter, and the temperature above 5℃ and scattered light are needed to adjust the amount of chlorophyll in their own nutrient fields. Blue leaves in the shade are usually greener than those that receive more sunlight. People have mastered this physiological characteristic of orchids. According to years of experience, shading measures are often taken in summer in cultivation management. Orchids can be placed outdoors in the sun, and when the temperature is above 30℃, they can also be placed indoors in the shade. Although the indoor scattered light is weak, orchids can be raised well. Orchids in Nanyang Station can be shaded by more than 70% bamboo curtains and black shading nets in the market from 9: 00 to 17: 00 in summer, and all kinds of orchid sheds can also be used. When shading, don't cover the curtain net on the bluegrass to avoid the bluegrass being burned by heat. Shading equipment should have sparse light, and about 30% light is good for bluegrass. Lighting can not only increase the temperature, but also prevent the growth of fungi, bacteria and viruses. There is a gap in the curtain net, which is beneficial to ultraviolet rays to kill germs and viruses.

Sunlight and temperature have great influence on the reproduction of orchids. If there is no sunshine for a long time in winter and the temperature is low, there will be no good winter buds, and there will be no new grass in spring, which will affect the hasty growth all year round.

Everything in the world has color, and the fundamental source is sunlight. Rainbow is divided into seven colors, and seven colors can be ever-changing. The primary colors of orchids are composed of ever-changing original light. So sunlight has a direct impact on the color of orchids. Planting Eupatorium adenophorum and colored flowers should study sunshine.

Examples are as follows:

Eupatorium adenophorum should be exposed to less sunlight and coated with 0.2% ~ 1% ferrous sulfate or 2% vinegar. Applying less phosphate fertilizer can deepen the greening and prolong the time. This is the reason why Jiangsu and Zhejiang orchids have more green flowers and more traditional yin culture.

White flowers should be less exposed to the sun, and 0.3% ~ 0.5% clear lime water can be applied. Crystal orchids and Cao Ling can only see scattered faint light. Other white flowers and plants, when the bud appears, can be rolled into a tube with a dark roll paper and covered on the bud until the bud blooms. Silver border art should also be dried less.

Colorful flowers should be basked in the sun and coated with 0.2 ~ 0.5% sulfur water. Yellow leaf art can show white artistic color when it is rare for sunlight.

Safflower should bask in the sun more, apply 0.5% ammonium nitrate or urea, and apply less potassium fertilizer.

Pink flowers, get more sunshine, and apply 1 ~ 3% calcium superphosphate.

Purple flowers should be exposed to the sun and coated with 0.3 ~ 0.5% alum water.

On the discussion of shading, to sum up, most colorful flowers and plants need strong sunlight, and they can be placed in an orchid shed with plenty of sunshine below 30℃. There is no need for shading, and granular media is used. They want a flood every morning 10, and another flood at 2 pm, so they sweep it away and even water the grass with pots. An empty pot won't burn bluegrass at night, and it can also keep bluegrass growing at night. 10 point cooled to 2 pm and the temperature just rose. At night, the temperature does not rise, and there is no water left in the basin, which is very beneficial to the growth of bluegrass. This method is not suitable for unrefined potted grass, only weathered grass can be used, not for green flowers, white flowers, white leaves and sick grass. When the temperature is high, or when you are not sure, you can cover it for a short time, but planting green flowers is mostly necessary.