Relationship between solar activity and drought and flood

What is the relationship between solar activity and weather and climate? 1852, Swiss astronomer Wolff first studied the relative relationship between meteorological elements and sunspot number in Zurich history. The results show that when there are many sunspots, Zurich has a dry climate and a bumper harvest in agriculture. When there are few sunspots, the weather is wet, and there are often storms that cause agricultural failure.

This research has aroused widespread concern.

By the end of19th century, astronomers took the Indian Ocean as the center, and found that pressure, temperature, rainfall, storms and so on all had obvious correlation with the cycle of solar activity.

As early as the 1920s and 1930s, the research on the relationship between solar activities and weather and climate in China was carried out by the older generation of scientists. 1926, Zhu Kezhen discussed the relationship between precipitation and sunspots in China, and concluded that there is a positive correlation between precipitation in the Yangtze River basin and the number of sunspots, that is, sunspots have more rainfall in many hours and less rainfall in few hours. In the Yellow River basin, there is less rainfall when there are many sunspots, and more rainfall when there are few sunspots.

From 65438 to 0935, Tu Wangchang analyzed the weather conditions in southwest provinces, and came to the conclusion that when there were many sunspots, the rainfall in July increased a lot compared with normal years, but decreased in June, and the rainfall in August was different.

Of course, due to the limited technology and lack of information at that time, their research was only preliminary.

It was not until the early 1960s that there was much discussion in China.

During the period of 1962, the Beijing Astronomical Society held the "Academic Seminar on the Relationship between Solar Activities and Drought and Flood in China" at the Beijing Planetarium, which attracted wide attention from the astronomical and meteorological circles.

With the development of space exploration technology, the existence of solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field has been confirmed, and the in-depth study of the atmosphere has made the research on the relationship between the sun and the earth in various countries develop rapidly.

Great progress has also been made in the research on the relationship between solar activity and weather and climate.

From 180 1, scientists began to study the relationship between sunspots and droughts and floods on the earth, and found that when there were few sunspots on the surface that day, some areas had less rainfall and the ground was dry.

Later research found that the changes of meteorological elements, geomagnetic elements, earthquakes and droughts and floods all have 1 1 annual periodic changes similar to sunspots.

Scientists have also found that earthquakes and El Nino phenomena are related to the frequency of solar proton events.

Some scientists' research also confirmed that the global thunderstorm frequency increased by 50% or more after the big flare.

The main problems discussed at present are: 1. The "trigger of thunderstorm events" hypothesis holds that thunderstorms often occur in the earth's atmosphere.

When the positively charged part of the rain cloud meets the negatively charged part, it will thunder and lightning and rain cats and dogs.

It is found that thunderstorm events are related to solar activity.

When the sun is active, there are more flares.

A large number of high-energy charged particles produced by flares can enter the lower atmosphere (below 20 kilometers), triggering the occurrence of thunderstorms.

It is observed that four days after the flare, the thunderstorm events and frequency around the world have greatly increased.

However, it is not clear how the occurrence of thunderstorms affects weather changes and leads to drought and floods.

2. The hypothesis that "the atmosphere is the shielding effect of ozone" shows that when ultraviolet rays are strong, the ozone content will be more; When ultraviolet rays are weak, the ozone content is low.

Therefore, the ozone content or the thickness of the ozone layer is directly related to solar activity.

The ozone layer has an obvious shielding effect on ultraviolet rays entering the lower atmosphere and reaching the ground.

When ozone is used for a long time, the energy entering the lower atmosphere and the ground is reduced, and the ground temperature is also reduced. It will increase.

This change will lead to abnormal changes in the atmosphere.

However, the detailed mechanism is still unclear.

It has even been suggested that the relationship between global ozone content and solar activity is inversely related.

People have great differences in this respect, so the shielding effect of ozone needs further study.

3. Formation mechanism of El Ni? o and La Ni? a phenomena.

El Nino refers to the abnormal rise of sea water temperature in the East Pacific, South America, Ecuador and Peru around Christmas. La Nina means Spanish girl. Contrary to El Ni? o, it refers to the abnormal drop of water temperature in the eastern Pacific near the equator.

These two phenomena have brought great influence on the ecological environment and world climate of countries along the Pacific Ocean, causing serious floods in some areas of the world and serious droughts in others, thus causing global weather anomalies. These phenomena have aroused great concern of scientists, and studies have shown that their appearance has certain correlation with solar activity.

4. Changes of energy balance on the earth's surface.

Generally, under the stable sunlight, the energy balance of the earth's climate system is balanced, but once the solar activity is abnormal, this balance will be broken, resulting in climate change.

The influence of solar activity directly shows that some areas get more or less radiation, which changes the global circulation situation, leads to abnormal differences between cold and warm, dry and wet, and endangers the survival of human beings and other species.

The relationship between the periodic performance of solar activity and the climate difference on the earth has become one of the key contents of meteorological circles in various countries.

From some abnormal phenomena of weather and climate, it is not difficult to see that there is a certain relationship between solar activity and weather and climate, because there is a certain causal relationship between them, but what is the mechanism of action between them? What are the rules to follow? How to use these laws to serve mankind? If these problems need to be thoroughly explored by the elites of all mankind, we have reason to believe that with the rapid development of science and technology, there will be an amazing discovery in the near future on the correlation between solar activities and weather and climate.