How was the battle of Chamorro? Where did it happen?

How was the battle of Chamorro? Where did it happen?

1690, Junggar Khan Galdin was badly hit by the Qing army in the battle of Wulanbutu series, losing most of his main force, and fled to Cobdo (now Gillantu, Mongolia) after the defeat. As the saying goes, the tree fell apart. Gordan has not fallen, but there are signs of decline. Kazakhs and Qinghai province, which he conquered in those years, joined the Qing army camp. Galdin's influence was severely weakened and he was silent for some time.

After the Battle of Ulan Butong, in order to consolidate Mongolia's rule and prevent galdan from making a comeback, Kangxi went to Duolun Nuoer (now Duolun in Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia) in the second year to gather the nobles of Mongolia and Inner Mongolia, and Kharka Mongolia joined the Party and stood firmly on the side of the Qing Dynasty.

Goldan is also a hero of Kangxi, diamond cut diamond. After he succeeded to the throne, he rebelled at home and conquered the west. He took care of Kazakhstan and Gurkha, and in his heyday he controlled about 7 million square kilometers of territory. Such a character will certainly not give up so easily.

/kloc-in the winter of 0/695, galdan led 30,000 troops to gather at Heyuan along the Krulun River, and plundered everywhere in Bayan Ulan (now west of Windur Khan in Mongolia and north of Dalhan).

Of course, Kangxi also won't let galdan off the hook.1February 696, Kangxi used personal expedition to galdan. The army is divided into three roads. Kangxi led about 30,000 people in the middle road, mainly the Eight Banners Camp and the Firearms Camp stationed in Beijing, from Dushikou (now the north of Chicheng, Hebei) to the north.

Led by Fuyuan General Feiyanggu and Zhenwu General Sun Sike, the marked army of about 40,000 people went north from Guihua (now Hohhot, Inner Mongolia) and Ningxia (now Yinchuan, Ningxia) and joined forces in Wengjin (now Dellancy, Mongolian Haier Khan).

The East Route Army, with a strength of about 1 10,000, is under the command of the Heilongjiang general Sabusu, and its strength mainly comes from Shengjing, Ningguta and Horqin in Heilongjiang. The troops crossed the Daxinganling Mountains and headed west along the Krulun River.

The three armies agreed to meet in Tula (southwest of Ulaanbaatar) and then attack galdan together. However, although the Sun Sike section of the marked army looks closer, the road is the most difficult to take, either in the mountainous areas (Yinshan Mountain and Altai Mountain) or in the desert Gobi (Wulanbuhe Desert, Kubuqi Desert, Central Gobi, etc.). ), or mountains, or across the desert, it is difficult to cope with extreme weather conditions.

As expected, when Sun Sike crossed the desert, he encountered bad weather and made slow progress. After Sun Sike, who had been waiting for many days in Wengjin for Feiyanggu, arrived, he immediately changed his plan, selected four thousand elites from Sun Jun, led an emergency March, and reported to Kangxi. In order to coordinate the ministries, Kangxi slowed down his March in the middle.

Although the strategy of converging attack is powerful, it requires extremely high coordination between the ministries, especially in ancient times when the efficiency of information transmission was very low. A little carelessness may lead to a total loss, and even worse, it may be breached one by one. Just like the battle between the Ming Dynasty and the late Jin Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty also adopted the strategy of converging attack, because the cooperation was not in place and the information was not smooth. Although the overall strength was dominant, Nurhachi was defeated one by one.

The Middle Route Army led by Kangxi walked for almost three months and reached the Krulen River in early May. Galdin caught off guard and saw that the Qing army was powerful, so he threw off his arm and ran for his life. Under the pursuit of the Qing army, Galdan fled hastily and was lured to Zhao Moduo by the upcoming marked army Feiyanggu.

Zhaomodo is located in Zongmodo, about 45 kilometers south of Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia. "Zhaomodo" means big forest in Mongolian. It is described in the data that "the northern mountain stands thousands of miles, and the mountains and broad forests are intermittent." There are rivers around, and Nanshan is lower than Beishan, gradually declining, with hills and battlefields. " The mountain here is Mount Kent, with an average elevation of about 2000 meters. There are hills in the east and rivers in the west of Zhaomodo.

Mount Kent, located in the east of Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, is the birthplace of the Mongolian nation. The ancestors of Mongols lived in the Ergon River area. Genghis Khan, who was born late and swept across Europe and Asia, was chased by his enemies when he was young and survived under the protection of Mount Kent. It can be said that Mount Kent is the sacred mountain in Genghis Khan's mind. After Genghis Khan unified the Mongolian Plateau, he returned to Mount Kent to worship many times. Mount Kent is therefore also known as the "Golden Holy Mountain". Legend has it that Genghis Khan was buried in Kent Mountain after his death.

The Qing army was in command on the mountain, and Gordan was quite brave. The cavalry dismounted and led the army to storm. The two sides fought fiercely for a long time, which was inseparable. The Qing army attacked Galdin's flank and rear trench to cooperate with the main force ahead. Galdin army chaos, then rout. Gordan escaped with only a dozen riders, but his wife Anu died in the army.

Galdin was defeated in the Battle of Zhaomodo. Galdan later sent a sneak attack on Wengji, the grain and grass base of the Qing army (now southeast of Albayre, Mongolia), which was crushed by the Qing army and completely lost the capital against Kangxi.

Kill him while he's sick. 1697, Kangxi visited Ningxia again and commanded the Qing army to conquer Galdin. Goldan's nephew Alabotan was rebelled by the Qing court, and a generation of lean Goldan had no choice but to take medicine to commit suicide, and the Ministry was cleared. At this point, the Junggar rebellion that made Kangxi sleepless was finally pacified.

In the battle of Zhao Moduo, Galdin's failure was not as good as his strength, and there were two more important reasons:

First, the lack of vigilance, the existence of luck, the intelligence work of the Qing army did not reach the designated position, and even knew nothing about Kangxi's personal expedition, thinking that the Qing army would not travel far into the desert to attack him, and the result was caught off guard.

Second, there are mistakes in battlefield command. The enemy is strong and I am weak, and the enemy advances and I retreat. I was right when I knew I couldn't fight and ran away. But later cheated by the Qing army, they abandoned the cavalry and dismounted to fight and attack the highlands. It's a little weird. Arguably, Gordan has been through many battles and won't make such a mistake, but he did.

The pacification of galdan brought Khalkha Mongolia in Mobei back under the control of the Qing Dynasty, and safeguarded the unity and territorial integrity of the motherland.