What are the main achievements of the three emperors and five emperors?

What achievements have the Three Emperors and Five Emperors made? In China ancient books, Fuxi, Nuwa and Shennong were called "Huang San", while Taiyi, Yan Di, Huangdi, Shaoti and Zhuan Xu were called "Five Emperors". In fact, the "Three Emperors and Five Emperors" are all symbolic figures, and they are the leaders of clan tribes or tribal alliances in imagination. Although the records of "Three Emperors and Five Emperors" are some beautiful and moving myths, they can reflect the history of clans and tribes in primitive society.

Fuxi, also known as Eastern Xia. It is said that he is a great inventor, "starting with eight letters" and "netting". These are two great inventions. Of course, the emergence of this new thing in society is the result of people's collective labor, not the gift of a "saint". But this legend tells us that Fuxi clan began to use notation and learned how to weave nets and fish. Nu Wa's main achievement is "refining five-color stones to make up the sky". It is said that before this, the sky would fall and disasters would continue. After her old man's work, everything is in good order. She has also become the legendary god of cleaning up the heavens and the earth. This story reflects the hard struggle between ancient humans and nature. Shennong is the legendary land god in charge of crops. Probably refers to the clan name of the primitive society where agriculture began to develop. According to records, people used to eat raw meat, drink animal blood and wear animal skins. Shennong believes that it is difficult for people to live like this. So he "tasted the essence of a hundred herbs, observed their sufferings, and taught the people to eat grains." In fact, agricultural production knowledge is the accumulation of ancient human practical experience. Shennong does not exist. Later, it was speculated that Shennong's deeds largely reflected the social situation during the prosperous period of matriarchal clan system. The legendary records of the ancient five emperors are very inconsistent. The era of their activities may have entered the end of patriarchal clan system or primitive society. Taiyi, also known as Tai Hao, is named Feng. According to legend, he is a human-headed snake or a human-headed dragon. He may be a clan leader who takes snakes or dragons as totems and lives in Chen Di (now Huaiyang County, Henan Province). He should be the imaginary ancestor of clan tribes in Huaihe River Basin. Yan Di, surnamed Jiang. Legend has it that it is a bull's head and may be a clan leader who aims at cattle. This clan was active in the Weihe River basin at first, and then entered the middle reaches of the Yellow River, which had a long-term conflict with the Jiuli nationality. Chiyou, the leader of the Jiuli nationality, is a beast with a human voice, a bronze head and an iron neck, horns on his head, hair on his ears as hard as a halberd, and he can eat sand and stones. Maybe it's a clan with some kind of beast as its face. He has eighty-one brothers, that is, eighty-one clans, and he is a powerful clan tribe that is brave and good at fighting. Chiyou expelled Emperor Yan to Zhuolu (now the Sanggan River basin in northwest Hebei). Emperor Yan asked the Yellow Emperor for help, and the two sides fought in Zhuolu. Chiyou invited the Rain God from Fengbo to make trouble, which created a fog and made the soldiers of the Yellow Emperor lose their way. The Yellow Emperor invited Nu Wa, the god of drought, to clear up and built a "south guide car" to tell the direction. The result of this fierce battle was that Chiyou failed and was killed. The Yellow Emperor won the victory and was elected as the "son of heaven". Huangdi's surname is Ji, Xuanyuan and Xiong. Legend has it that Huangdi originally lived in the northwest and lived a nomadic life without a settlement. After defeating Chiyou, he fought three wars with Yan Di in Hanquan. The Yellow Emperor commanded the clans with bears, dragons, raccoons, tigers and other beasts as totems to participate in the war, defeated the Yan Di tribe and entered the Yellow River valley. Since then, the Huangdi tribe has settled in the Central Plains and developed rapidly. According to the historical records, "Twenty-five descendants of the Yellow Emperor, 14 of them have surnames, which are twelve surnames", indicating that these tribes have formed a huge tribal alliance. The descendants of the Yellow Emperor merged with other tribes to form the Chinese nation, and Xuanyuan of the Yellow Emperor was regarded as the ancestor of the Chinese nation. Later, China people claimed to be "descendants of the Yellow Emperor". It is for this reason that many inventions are attributed to the Yellow Emperor by later generations, saying that he used jade as a weapon, built boats and bows, and dyed colorful clothes. He asked his wife Leizu to teach people to raise silkworms. He ordered Cang Xie, the minister, to make great efforts to make words, and ordered Ling Lun to make musical instruments. These legends are unreliable and can only be understood as great progress in the production tools of the Yellow Emperor era. Shao Lian, also known as Ji, Ming Zhi, and a poor third brother, is said to be a descendant of the Yellow Emperor and lives in Qufu, Shandong. This tribe is based on birds. There are 24 species, namely, Saxifragaceae, Xuanwu and Wuqing. This may be a big tribe composed of twenty-four clans. Shaoluo nationality is a branch of Huangdi nationality developing eastward. Zhuan Xu, a Levin, lives in Puyang County, Henan Province. According to legend, he is a descendant of Changyi, the son of the Yellow Emperor. Ancient records; "There are eight geniuses in Levin's family." Maybe this is eight big families. Zhuan Xu managed the witchcraft and ghost worship of Jiuli people, forcing them to obey the education of Huangdi people. Later, the leader of a tribe, Gong, was very dissatisfied with Zhuan Xu and knocked down the mountain with his head. Suddenly, the pillar supporting the sky tilted and the rope binding the earth broke. So the sky tilted to the northwest, and the sun, the moon and the stars moved; The land is in the southeast depression, and the river flows eastward. This means that * * * workers transform nature and become victorious heroes. These ancient myths and legends vividly reflect the glorious tradition of diligence, courage and wisdom of our Chinese nation, and profoundly show that the earliest civilization of human society was created through hard struggle. "Since Pangu opened heaven and earth, three emperors and five emperors have come to this day." I remember this is a famous sentence in primary school textbooks. However, many years later, when people always ask who Huang San Wang Di really is, they are at a loss. Let's start with Huang San. The general name of Shi was first found in Lu Chunqiu, and the sub-name of Shi Ji Li Si Benji. Li Si said: "There were emperors, Huangdi, Tai Huang and Qin Huang in ancient times." The Preface to the Spring and Autumn Annals and Shouli holds that Huang San was the emperor, and the Yellow Emperor and Ren Huang used Ren Huang to seize the position of Tai Huang. In the Song Dynasty, Luo Ping quoted Kong Yan from Lv Shi to reconcile this contradiction, and thought it was. This contradiction has been solved temporarily, and the contradiction between the five emperors and Huang San has become more prominent. In the Han Dynasty alone, scholars had at least four different opinions. One view is that san huang Fuxi, Nuwa and Shennong; Another view is Fuxi, Shennong and Suiren; The third opinion is Fuxi, Shennong and Zhu Rong; The final opinion is Fuxi, Shennong and * * * workers. Among these four opinions, Fuxi and Shennong have their own opinions. Nu Wa was included in Huang San because the heroine not only "fills the sky" and "sets up four poles", but also "the loess stands out, and the audience is at a loss, but she is caught in the mud and thinks she is a man", creating human beings; People can naturally eat delicious cooked food, which promotes the evolution of human beings and is listed as Huang San. Zhu Rong emphasized Li, and Shan Hai Jing said that he was a "Jedi", and man and god were divided into the world, so he could naturally be one of the Huang San. As for the * * * workers, in the battle with Zhuan Xu, "Anger touches the mountains, Tianzhu folds, the ground is unique, the sky is oblique to the northwest, and the sun, the moon and the stars move; The earth is not satisfied with things, so water and dust return to Yan ",which changed the living environment of human beings and listed it as Huang San. Is it inappropriate? Huang San's indefinite theory has been like this since ancient times. What about the five emperors? The Five Emperors said that Gai was formed in the Zhou and Qin Dynasties and originated from the shrines of the Five Emperors and the Five Color Emperors. "Di Fang" and "Di Fang" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions refer to the worship of the five emperors. However, the combination of the five emperors has been controversial since ancient times. One view is that the Five Emperors are Taiyuan, Yan Di, Huangdi, Yuan Shao and Zhuan Xu; Another view is that Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku, Yao and Shun. Zheng Xuan of Jianghan also put forward the theory of "five emperors and six people". Which statement is the most effective? It seems necessary to examine their history and achievements one by one. According to Guoyu Yujin, both Huangdi and Yandi were born in Shaodian, but there are different opinions about whether Shaodian is the country name or the father name. However, the so-called Chinese nation is a descendant of the Chinese people, and the Chinese people are tied for the five emperors, which does not seem to be a problem. Records of the Five Emperors said: "The Yellow Emperor, the son of Shaodian, was named Gongsun Xuanyuan." "Dragon Fish River Map" says, "Heaven sent Xuan Nv to help Huang Di's soldiers believe in the divine symbol, subdue Chiyou ... and control all directions". In the early wars between tribes, the Yellow Emperor contributed to the formation of the Chinese nation. The advantages don't stop there. "Historical Records" justice said: "Before the Yellow Emperor, the people were spared from the difficulties of survival when he built a house without clothes, made clothes and held funerals." "The villagers in the rivers and lakes of Beize Mountain Forest are forbidden to arrest, and they are restrained and have benefited." As for Emperor Yan, he is also the son of Shaodian, after the Yellow Emperor brothers. However, the emperor century believed that there were eight emperors between Yan and Huang for more than 500 years, which is obviously not a historical belief. Ban Gu said that Emperor Yan "taught the people to farm, hence the name Shennong". It contributed to ancient agricultural production. Zhuan Xu, from Levin, Sima Qian said that he was the son of Changyi, the second son of the Yellow Emperor. "Jingyuan is a planned governor with sparse energy; Cultivate materials anywhere and load them like the sky. " He was appointed as an official of Nanzheng, responsible for offering sacrifices to the gods; Li was appointed as an official (fire official) of Beizheng, in charge of civil affairs. His greater contribution is to expand the scope of ethnic activities, from Youling in the north to Jiao Jiao in the south. West to quicksand, east to Pingmu. Gao Xin of Di Ku is the grandson of Xiao Xuan, the eldest son of the Yellow Emperor, and was established as a clan when his uncle Zhuan Xu was in office. Ji Di said that he "assisted Zhuan Xu at the age of fifteen and acceded to the throne at the age of thirty". The Chronicle of the Five Emperors says that he was born as a god, called himself by his name, gave alms and benefits, and was not at home. Smart and far-sighted, observant, obedient to God's will, and aware of people's urgency. Benevolence and prestige, benefit and faith, cultivate one's morality and serve the world. Take the wealth of the land and save it, and teach the people and benefit it. "And gave birth to a eldest son, emperor yao. Di Yao, Fang Xun, Tang Tao. Sima Qian said that he "values harmony, respects the sky, counts the sun, the moon and the stars, and respects people." "For the Chinese nation based on agriculture, making a calendar and giving time to the people was more important than anything else in ancient times. Speaking of Shun Di, people can't help thinking of his filial piety to his blind father and stepmother, which has a positive and negative impact on China's ethics. It is also unforgettable that he followed Yao to the throne, went hunting in the south, collapsed in the wild of Cangwu, and died in the line of duty. Among the Five Emperors, Taiyuan and Shao Hao are the most complicated. Taiyuan is also called Tai Hao, surnamed Feng, and Dragon is the official, which means Fu. Governance, word gold, with birds as officials. It is said that they are all Dongyi people. Since then, it is generally believed that after the morning, according to the record of "the son of the Yellow Emperor, whose name is Qi" in Shiben, people think it is Qi, and Qi is also his son; Therefore, Taiyuan is considered as the ancestor of the Yin people. According to the above "review", they are all eligible to be included in the Five Emperors. However, due to local restrictions, it is impossible to meet their requirements one by one, which makes historians at a loss! In fact, the differences in the legends of Three Emperors and Five Emperors are the product of the multi-ethnic development in China, which reflects the progressive trend of ethnic integration in a tortuous way. Long before entering the civilized era, the Chinese nation, Miao nationality and many other brotherly nations called barbarians, barbarians, Rong and Di were formed on the vast land of the motherland. It is said that the Huaxia nationality is after Huang and Yan, which actually reflects that the Huaxia nationality is formed by the long-term development of two blood clans represented by Huang Di and He. The so-called emperor is just the title of military leader in the tribal alliance period of primitive society in China. What have the Three Emperors and Five Emperors achieved? The development of the Chinese nation.

In China ancient books, Fuxi, Nuwa and Shennong were called "Huang San", while Taiyi, Yan Di, Huangdi, Shaoti and Zhuan Xu were called "Five Emperors". In fact, the "Three Emperors and Five Emperors" are all symbolic figures, and they are the leaders of clan tribes or tribal alliances in imagination. Although the records of "Three Emperors and Five Emperors" are some beautiful and moving myths, they can reflect the history of clans and tribes in primitive society. It is said that Fuxi, Nu Wa and Shennong were all great saints in ancient times, and each had some great achievements. Fuxi, also known as Eastern Xia. It is said that he is a great inventor, "starting with eight letters" and "netting". These are two great inventions. Of course, the emergence of this new thing in society is the result of people's collective labor, not the gift of a "saint". But this legend tells us that Fuxi clan began to use notation and learned how to weave nets and fish. Nu Wa's main achievement is "refining five-color stones to make up the sky". It is said that before this, the sky would fall and disasters would continue. After her old man's work, everything is in good order. She has also become the legendary god of cleaning up the heavens and the earth. This story reflects the hard struggle between ancient humans and nature. Shennong is the legendary land god in charge of crops. Probably refers to the clan name of the primitive society where agriculture began to develop. According to records, people used to eat raw meat, drink animal blood and wear animal skins. Shennong believes that it is difficult for people to live like this. So he "tasted the essence of a hundred herbs, observed their sufferings, and taught the people to eat grains." In fact, agricultural production knowledge is the accumulation of ancient human practical experience. Shennong does not exist. Later, it was speculated that Shennong's deeds roughly reflected the social situation during the prosperous period of matriarchal clan system. The legendary records of the ancient five emperors are very inconsistent. The era of their activities may have entered the end of patriarchal clan system or primitive society. Taiyi, also known as Tai Hao, is named Feng. According to legend, he is a human-headed snake or a human-headed dragon. He may be a clan leader who takes snakes or dragons as totems and lives in Chen Di (now Huaiyang County, Henan Province). He should be the imaginary ancestor of clan tribes in Huaihe River Basin. Yan Di, surnamed Jiang. Legend has it that it is a bull's head and may be a clan leader who aims at cattle. This clan was active in the Weihe River basin at first, and then entered the middle reaches of the Yellow River, which had a long-term conflict with the Jiuli nationality. Chiyou, the leader of the Jiuli nationality, is a beast with a human voice, a bronze head and an iron neck, horns on his head, hair on his ears as hard as a halberd, and he can eat sand and stones. Maybe it's a clan with some kind of beast as its face. He has eighty-one brothers, that is, eighty-one clans, and he is a powerful clan tribe that is brave and good at fighting. Chiyou expelled Emperor Yan to Zhuolu (now the Sanggan River basin in northwest Hebei). Emperor Yan asked the Yellow Emperor for help, and the two sides fought in Zhuolu. Chiyou invited the Rain God from Fengbo to make trouble, which created a fog and made the soldiers of the Yellow Emperor lose their way. The Yellow Emperor invited Nu Wa, the god of drought, to clear up and built a "south guide car" to tell the direction. The result of this fierce battle was that Chiyou failed and was killed. The Yellow Emperor won the victory and was elected as the "son of heaven". Huangdi's surname is Ji, Xuanyuan and Xiong. Legend has it that Huangdi originally lived in the northwest and lived a nomadic life without a settlement. After defeating Chiyou, he fought three wars with Yan Di in Hanquan. The Yellow Emperor commanded the clans with bears, dragons, raccoons, tigers and other beasts as totems to participate in the war, defeated the Yan Di tribe and entered the Yellow River valley. Since then, the Huangdi tribe has settled in the Central Plains and developed rapidly. According to the historical records, "Twenty-five descendants of the Yellow Emperor, 14 of them have surnames, which are twelve surnames", indicating that these tribes have formed a huge tribal alliance. The descendants of the Yellow Emperor merged with other tribes to form the Chinese nation, and Xuanyuan of the Yellow Emperor was regarded as the ancestor of the Chinese nation. Later, China people claimed to be "descendants of the Yellow Emperor". It is for this reason that many inventions are attributed to the Yellow Emperor by later generations, saying that he used jade as a weapon, built boats and bows, and dyed colorful clothes. He asked his wife Leizu to teach people to raise silkworms. He ordered Cang Xie, the minister, to make great efforts to make words, and ordered Ling Lun to make musical instruments. These legends are unreliable and can only be understood as great progress in the production tools of the Yellow Emperor era. Shao Lian, also known as Ji, Ming Zhi, and a poor third brother, is said to be a descendant of the Yellow Emperor and lives in Qufu, Shandong. This tribe takes birds as totems, and there are 24 species: Wind Birds, Xuanwu and Kate. This may be a big tribe composed of twenty-four clans. Shaoluo nationality is a branch of Huangdi nationality developing eastward. Zhuan Xu, a Levin, lives in Puyang County, Henan Province. According to legend, he is a descendant of Changyi, the son of the Yellow Emperor. Ancient records; "There are eight geniuses in Levin's family." Maybe this is eight big families. Zhuan Xu managed the witchcraft and ghost worship of Jiuli people, forcing them to obey the education of Huangdi clan. Later, the leader of a tribe, Gong, was very dissatisfied with Zhuan Xu and knocked down the mountain with his head. Suddenly, the pillar supporting the sky tilted and the rope binding the earth broke. So the sky tilted to the northwest, and the sun, the moon and the stars moved; The land is in the southeast depression, and the river flows eastward. This means that * * * workers transform nature and become victorious heroes. These ancient myths and legends vividly reflect the glorious tradition of diligence, courage and wisdom of our Chinese nation, and profoundly show that the initial civilization of human society was created through hard struggle. What have the Three Emperors and Five Emperors achieved? There was a legendary "Three Emperors and Five Emperors" era in ancient times, which represented the transition period of the Chinese nation from ignorance to civilization. Huang San refers to Suirenshi, Fu and Shennong, while the Five Emperors refer to Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku, Yao Di and Shun Di. It is said that during their tenure as leaders, they all made great pioneering undertakings and promoted the rapid development of civilization and productivity, so they are still admired by future generations today.

Are the achievements of the Three Emperors and Five Emperors as great as those of Qin Shihuang?

Qin Shihuang (259 BC-265438 BC+65438 BC+September 00 BC), namely Ying Zheng. The greatest politician, strategist, reformer and strategist in the history of China. China was reunified for the first time. The first emperor of Qin, the son of Wang Xiang of Qin Zhuang, ascended the throne at the age of 13. At the age of 39, he was called the emperor and reigned for 37 years. Qin Shihuang has made many unprecedented achievements in unifying China. He established the emperor system, implemented the "three publics and nine aristocrats" system in the central government, abolished the enfeoffment system in local areas, implemented the county system, unified writing, currency and weights and measures, attacked Xiongnu in the north, served Baiyue in the south, and built the Great Wall of Wan Li, which laid the basic pattern of China's territory today, pushed China into the era of great unification, and created a new situation of centralization, which had a far-reaching impact on China and world history. He laid the basic pattern of China's political system for more than two thousand years. The Three Emperors and Five Emperors are not real emperors, but tribal leaders or tribal alliance leaders who made outstanding contributions to mankind in the middle and late primitive society. Later generations respectfully called them "emperors" or "emperors". Taoism regards them as gods and publicizes their great achievements with all kinds of beautiful myths and legends. There are different opinions about why Dayu was not included in the Three Emperors and Five Emperors. Generally speaking, the five emperors are Zhuan Xu, Yao, Shun and Yu. Dayu is listed here.

I am a good student in the history department. I have read all the achievements of Three Emperors and Five Emperors, Qin Huang Hanwu and Kangxi Qianlong. If I can go back to ancient times and become an emperor, I will certainly be able to achieve all-round development in politics, economy, culture, military affairs and ideology like them and improve people's lives. Of course, the premise is that the national strength is strong and you must be a good emperor.

(77) What did you achieve (10)