How many oceans are there on the earth?

The four oceans are the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Arctic Ocean; The Atlantic Ocean is the busiest sea area in the world, because Rotterdam, the world's largest seaport in the Netherlands, uses it as a waterway, and now new york, the world's second largest seaport, is also here, so the Atlantic Ocean has undoubtedly become the world's largest seaport.

Seven continents: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe and Oceania; Europe is the most developed continent in the world; Antarctica has not yet been settled; Africa has the highest population growth rate; Asia has the largest population; North America has the most powerful country in the world; South America has a football kingdom Brazil; Oceania has one of the youngest countries in the world-Australia; Specifically:

Asia: With an area of 44 million square kilometers, accounting for 29.4% of the world's total land area, it is the largest continent in the world.

Africa: With an area of about 30 million square kilometers, accounting for 20.2% of the world's total land area, it is the second largest continent in the world.

North America: covering an area of about 24 million square kilometers, accounting for 16.2% of the world's total land area, it is the third continent in the world.

South America: It covers an area of about 6,543,800 square kilometers, accounting for 654.38+02% of the world's total land area, making it the fourth continent in the world.

Antarctica: With an area of 6.5438+0.4 million square kilometers, accounting for 9.4% of the total land area of the world, it is the fifth continent in the world.

Europe: The area is about 6.5438+million square kilometers, accounting for 6.8% of the total land area of the world, only bigger than Oceania, and it is the sixth continent in the world.

Oceania: With an area of about 9 million square kilometers, accounting for about 6% of the total land area of the world, it is the smallest continent in the world.

The land on the earth is widely distributed and separated from each other, while the sea water extends in all directions and is integrated. This continuous body of water constitutes the world's oceans. The world's oceans are dominated by oceans and are composed of the surrounding seas. There are four oceans in the world: the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Arctic Ocean. There are as many as 54 major sea areas, such as Mediterranean Sea, Caribbean Sea, Baltic Sea, Red Sea and South China Sea.

Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the ocean with the widest area, the deepest depth and the most marginal seas and islands in the world. According to more data, it was first discovered and named by Spanish explorer Pascal, and the word "Taiping" means "peace". /kloc-in the 6th century, Spanish navigator Magellan entered the Pacific Ocean from the Atlantic Ocean via strait of magellan and arrived in the Philippines. During his voyage, the weather was clear and calm, so he named this sea area "Pacific Ocean" in unison. The Pacific Ocean lies between Asia, Oceania, America and Antarctica. The Bering Strait at the northern end is connected with the Arctic Ocean, south to Antarctica, and connected with the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean to enter the waters around the Antarctic continent. The maximum length of the Pacific Ocean from north to south is about 15900 km, and the maximum width from east to west is about 109900 km. The total area is 6.5438+0.7868 million square kilometers, accounting for one third of the earth's surface area and half of the world's ocean area. The average depth is 3957m, and the maximum depth is11034m. There are 6 trenches over 10,000 meters in the world, all of which are concentrated in the Pacific Ocean. The seawater capacity of the Pacific Ocean is 70765438+ million cubic kilometers, ranking first in the world. The Pacific Ocean is rich in resources, especially fishery, aquatic products and mineral resources. Its catch, reserves and grade of polymetallic nodules rank first in the world's oceans.

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean in the world. It is located between North and South America, Europe, Africa and Antarctica, and it is an S-shaped ocean belt running north and south. It is about1.5000 km long from north to south and narrow from east to west, with a maximum width of 2800 km. The total area is about 9 1.66 million square kilometers, slightly more than half of the Pacific Ocean. The average depth is 3626 meters, and the deepest point is 92 19 meters, which is located in the Puerto Rico trench. Marine resources are abundant, rich in fish, and the catch accounts for about one-fifth of the world. Shipping in the Atlantic is particularly developed. East and west communicate with the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean through Suez Canal and Panama Canal respectively, and their freight volume accounts for more than two-thirds of the world's total freight volume.

The Indian Ocean is the third ocean in the world. Located between Asia, Oceania, Africa and Antarctica. It covers an area of about 76 1.7 million square kilometers, with an average depth of 3,397 meters and a maximum depth of 7,450 meters in the Java Trench. In the middle of the seabed, there is a ridge that runs roughly north-south. Most of them are located in the tropics with an average water temperature of 20℃-27℃. Its marginal sea, the Red Sea, has the highest salt content in the world.

Oil is the most abundant marine resources, and the Persian Gulf is the largest seabed oil producing area in the world. The Indian Ocean is the earliest navigation center in the world, and its waterway is the earliest discovered and developed in the world, which is an important channel connecting Africa, Asia and Oceania. Marine freight volume accounts for more than 10% of the world, among which oil transportation ranks first.

The Arctic Ocean is located in the northernmost part of the earth, roughly centered on this North Pole, between Asia, Europe and the north shore of North America. It is the smallest and shallowest of the four oceans. The area is about 6.5438+0.479 million square kilometers, accounting for only 3.6% of the world's ocean area; The volume is16.98 million cubic kilometers, accounting for only1.2% of the world ocean volume; The average depth is 1300m, which is only one third of the average depth of the world's oceans, and the maximum depth is only 5449m. The Arctic Ocean is also the coldest ocean among the four oceans, with snow all year round and ice thousands of miles thick. The solid ice layer covering the ocean surface is 3 ~ 4 meters thick. Whenever the seawater here flows south into the Atlantic Ocean, clusters of huge icebergs can be seen everywhere, drifting away, just like some terrible monsters, posing a certain threat to the human shipping industry. In addition, there are two wonders in the Arctic Ocean. The first wonder: almost half of the year, continuous darkness, like a long night to see the sun; The other half of the day, mostly sunny, only daytime, no night. Because of this, a day and a night in the Arctic Ocean seems to be a day instead of a year. In addition, in the ocean, you can often see the aurora phenomenon in the Arctic sky, which is erratic, changeable, colorful and very gorgeous. This is the second wonder of the Arctic Ocean.

Seven continents:

Asia

general situation

Asia, Asia for short.

Location: Located in the northeast of the old hemisphere, it borders the Pacific Ocean, the Arctic Ocean and the Indian Ocean on the east, north and south, and the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea on the west.

Area: 44 million square kilometers (including nearby islands), accounting for 29.4% of the world's total land area, making it the largest continent in the world. The Asian continent is connected with the European continent, collectively known as Eurasia, with a total area of 507 1000 square kilometers, and the Asian continent accounts for about 4/5.

Scope: East of the mainland to Yezhnev point (west longitude169 40', north latitude 60 05', south to Piai point (east longitude103 30', north latitude1kloc-0/7', west to Baba point (east longitude) The Urals, ural river, Caspian Sea, Caucasus, Bosphorus and Da Daniil Strait are bordered by Europe in the northwest, the Suez Canal and the Red Sea are bordered by Africa in the southwest, and a series of islands close to Oceania surround the mainland in the southeast, and North America faces each other across the Bering Strait in the northeast.

Geographical area: There are 48 countries and regions in Asia. Geographical habits are divided into East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, West Asia, Central Asia and North Asia. East Asia includes China, North Korea, South Korea, Mongolia and Japan. Southeast Asia includes Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, the Philippines, Brunei and other countries. South Asia includes Sri Lanka, Maldives, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan and Sikkim. West Asia, also known as Southwest Asia, includes Afghanistan, Iran, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Turkey, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Bahrain. Central Asia includes Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and southern Kazakhstan. North Asia refers to Siberia in Russia.

resident

The population is 35 1.3 billion, accounting for 60.5% of the world's total population. China has the largest population, with Indian, Indonesian, Japanese, Bangladeshi and Pakistani populations exceeding 1 100 million. The most densely populated areas are eastern China, Japanese Pacific coast, Java Island and Ganges River basin.

Race: Yellow people account for more than 3/5 of the population of the whole continent. Followed by whites, blacks are rare.

Language: Asian languages belong to Sino-Tibetan, South Asian, Altai, Korean, Japanese and Indo-European languages. Religion: Asia is the birthplace of Buddhism, Islam and Christianity. The residents of Indochina countries believe in Buddhism. The residents of Malay Peninsula and Malay Archipelago mainly believe in Islam, and some residents believe in Catholicism and Buddhism. Residents of South Asian countries mainly believe in Hinduism, Islam and Buddhism; The residents of West Asian countries mainly believe in Islam.

natural environment

The mainland coastline is 69,900 kilometers long. Many peninsulas and islands. The total area of the peninsula is about100000 square kilometers, which is the largest continent in the world, and the Arabian Peninsula is the largest peninsula in the world. The total area of the island is about 2.7 million square kilometers, ranking second in the world after North America. Kalimantan island is the third largest island in the world.

Topography: The general characteristics of Asia's topography are high terrain, large surface undulation, high in the middle, low in the periphery, alternating with uplift and depression, and a long colorful island arc in the east. With an average elevation of about 950 meters, it is the highest continent in the world except Antarctica. Mountains, plateaus and hills account for about 3/4 of the total area, of which 1/3 is above 1 1,000m. The plain accounts for 1/4 of the total area, accounting for100000 square kilometers. The whole continent is centered on the Pamirs, and a series of tall mountains radiate to the continental margin. There are Tianshan Mountain, Kunlun Mountain, Himalayan Mountain, Altai Mountain, Hindu Kush Mountain, Elbers Mountain, Jinniu Mountain and Zagros Mountain. The main mountain ranges mentioned above are Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Mongolia Plateau, Iran Plateau, Anatolia Plateau, Tarim Basin, Junggar Basin and Qaidam Basin. Beyond the mountains and plateaus are vast plains, mainly including the Northeast Plain, the North China Plain, the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, the Indus Plain, the Ganges Plain, the Mesopotamian Plain and the Western Siberia Plain. Asia has not only the highest plateaus, mountains and peaks in the world, but also the world-famous plains and depressions. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is known as the "roof of the world", with an average elevation of 4,500 meters. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world, with an altitude of 8848 meters; The west Siberian plain is 65,438+500 km wide from east to west and 300 km long from north to south. Most of the ground is above 100 meters above sea level. The lowest depression in the world, the Dead Sea, is 400 meters below the Mediterranean Sea. Asia not only has extreme ups and downs on the land, but also shows extreme ups and downs on the arc islands on the eastern edge of the mainland and the submarine part of the Pacific Ocean. The mountains on the island are connected with deep ditches. The height difference between the highest peak in Asia and the deepest trench in the adjacent waters is about 20 kilometers. Volcanoes and earthquakes: Asia is the continent with the largest number of volcanoes in the world, and the islands around the eastern edge are the main components of the volcanic belt on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. From Java Island and Sumatra Island to the north via Nicobar Islands, andaman islands, northern Deccan Plateau, northern Iranian Plateau to Asia Minor Peninsula, it is a part of the volcanic belt along the Atlantic-Mediterranean-Indian Ocean. Asia is also one of the continents with frequent and strong earthquakes.

Water system: There are many big rivers in Asia, most of which originate from the central mountains and radiate in all directions. Rivers flowing into the Pacific Ocean include Heilongjiang, Yellow River, Yangtze River, Pearl River and Mekong River. The Indus, Ganges, salween, Irrawaddy, Tigris and Euphrates rivers flow into the Indian Ocean. Ob river, Yenisei River and Lena River flow into the Arctic Ocean. Inland rivers are mainly distributed in arid areas of Central Asia and West Asia, including Syr Darya, Amu Darya, Ili River, Tarim River and Jordan River. The biggest waterfall in Asia is the Qiaoge Waterfall on the Shrabati River on the southwest coast of India, with a drop of 253 meters. Compared with other continents, there are not many lakes in Asia, but many lakes have their own characteristics and are world-famous. For example, Hulihai Lake in Asia and Europe is the largest lake in the world and the largest saltwater lake. Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the world and the largest freshwater lake in Asia. The Dead Sea is the lowest depression in the world. Lake Balkhash is an inland lake with both fresh water and salt water. Asian lakes are widely distributed, which can be roughly divided into five lakes: North Asia, Central Asia, West Asia, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Climate: The Asian continent spans cold zone, warm zone and hot zone. The main features of climate are complex and diverse climate types, typical monsoon climate and obvious continental nature. The southeast half of East Asia is a humid temperate and subtropical monsoon region, Southeast Asia and South Asia are a humid tropical monsoon region, and Central Asia, West Asia and the inland of East Asia are arid regions. It is between the above-mentioned humid monsoon region and inland arid region, while most parts of North Asia are semi-humid and semi-arid regions. In most parts of Asia, the temperature is very low in winter. The area with the highest average temperature below 0℃ in Leng Yue accounts for about 2/3 of the whole continent. In Yangshuo and Oymyakon, the average temperature in 65438+ 10 is below -50℃, and the extreme minimum temperature in Oymyakon is as low as -7 1℃, which is the lowest temperature in the northern hemisphere, and is called the northern hemisphere cold polar region. It generally warms up in summer, and the average temperature in the hottest month is below 10℃ except in the Arctic Ocean. Between 5℃. The area above 20℃ accounts for about 1/2 of the whole continent. The extreme maximum temperature in Basra, Iraq reaches 58.8℃, which is the hottest place in the world. The regional distribution of precipitation varies greatly, and the main trend is decreasing from the humid southeast to the dry northwest. The equatorial belt is rainy all the year round, with an annual precipitation of more than 2,000 mm. The average annual precipitation in Kilapanchi in northeast India is as high as 1 1.430 mm, making it one of the wettest areas in the world. Southwest Asia and Central Asia have no rain all year round, and the annual precipitation in most areas is 150? 00 mm below 9, 10? During the month, strong cold air (cold wave) often goes south over Siberia and Mongolia Plateau, and most parts of East Asia are vulnerable to invasion. Typhoon in the western and central Pacific, 5? 10 attacked the eastern coastal areas of East Asia and Southeast Asia; Hurricane in the Bay of Bengal, 5? /kloc-attacks in the coastal areas of the Bay of Bengal in October often cause serious disasters.

natural resource

Minerals There are many kinds of minerals in Asia, with large reserves, mainly including oil, coal, iron, tin, tungsten, antimony, copper, lead, zinc, manganese, nickel, molybdenum, magnesium, chromium, gold, silver, rock salt, sulfur and precious stones. The reserves of oil, magnesium, iron and tin rank first in all continents, and tin ore reserves account for more than 60% of the world's total reserves. Forests and grasslands: The total forest area accounts for about 13% of the total forest area in the world. More than two thirds of timber forests have been developed and utilized. Artificial afforestation has developed. The Asian part of Russia, the northeast of China and the north of Korea are coniferous forest areas widely distributed in the world, with abundant reserves and many precious timber trees. There are abundant plants in South China and Southwest China, the southern slope of Japan and the southern slope of Himalayas, including palm, mallow, Taxodium, Metasequoia and so on. Tropical forests in Southeast Asia occupy an important position in the world forests and are famous for their constant and rich plant communities. Its main tree species are Dipterocarpaceae, and there are also "living fossils" such as Tilia amurensis, Ginkgo biloba and Cycas. The total grassland area in Asia accounts for about 15% of the total grassland area in the world.

Hydroelectric power generation: The annual power generation of exploitable hydropower resources in Asian countries is estimated to be 2.6 trillion kWh, accounting for 27% of the world's exploitable hydropower resources.

Marine fishery: The area of coastal fishing grounds in Asia accounts for about 40% of the total area of coastal fishing grounds in the world. Here is rich in salmon, trout, cod, bonito, mackerel, small yellow croaker, large yellow croaker, hairtail, squid, sardines, tuna, mackerel and whales. The famous fishing grounds are Zhoushan Islands, Taiwan Province Island, Xisha Islands, Hokkaido Island, Kyushu Island and Sea of Okhotsk. The area of coastal fishing grounds in China accounts for nearly 1/4 of the total area of coastal fishing grounds in the world.

General situation of economy

All Asian countries except Japan are developing countries, and their economies have developed to a certain extent. Many countries make full use of their natural conditions and resources to manage all kinds of tropical and subtropical crops. Actively explore and develop mineral resources; Vigorously develop the manufacturing industry, so that the economic system will develop from a "single" Victor Xiang mining industry to a "diversified" one. Asia's industry, agriculture and transportation play an important role in the world economy. Agricultural rice, natural rubber, cinchona paste, Manila hemp, teak and pepper all account for more than 90% of the world's total output. China ranks first in rice production in the world and second in India. Malaysia ranks first in natural rubber production in the world, and Indonesia ranks second. Cinchona cream is mainly produced in Indonesia; Manila hemp is mainly produced in the Philippines; Teak and pepper are mainly produced in Southeast Asian countries. Jute, desiccated coconut and tea all account for about 80% of the world total output. Jute is mainly produced in China, India and Bangladesh; Dried coconut is mainly produced in Philippines, Indonesia, India, Malaysia and Sri Lanka. Tea is mainly produced in India, China and Sri Lanka. Other crops such as cotton, peanuts, sesame, tobacco and rapeseed also occupy a certain position in the world.

Industry: the annual output of oil accounts for about 70-10 billion tons, accounting for 27-30% of the world's annual output; The annual output of natural gas is about 654.38+00 billion cubic meters, accounting for more than 6% of the world's annual output, and the annual output of coal is about 654.38+00 billion tons, accounting for more than 22% of the world's annual output; The annual power generation is about 1 100 billion kwh, accounting for13% of the world's annual power generation; The annual output of steel is about 65438+700 million tons, accounting for about 24% of the world's total output; The output of tin concentrate accounts for about 60% of the world's total output, of which Malaysia ranks first in the world. The output of tungsten concentrate accounts for about 45% of the world's output. Animal husbandry and fisheries in Asia are also very developed.

Asian industry: There are significant differences in industrial development level, departments and regional structure among countries and regions. The industrial base of most countries is weak, and mining, agricultural products processing and textile industry are the main positions. China has a rapid industrial development and a complete industrial system. Japan is a highly developed world economic power. Mongolia's industry is mainly based on the processing of livestock products. Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia are newly industrialized countries. Indonesia and Brunei mainly produce crude oil. India's industry is more developed. Except Afghanistan, Lebanon and Turkey, most countries in West Asia mainly produce crude oil and oil refining, and energy in West Asia occupies an important position in the world.

Transportation: The transportation development in Asia is different. The eastern half of China, Japan, Java, western Sri Lanka, central India and western Turkey have all developed transportation, mainly relying on railways and highways. The vast inland areas and desert areas are dominated by animal forces. The southeast coast is well-developed in shipping. Air transport in economically developed areas has developed rapidly.

Africa

general situation

Africa, Africa for short.

Location: Located in the southwest of the old hemisphere, it spans the north and south of the equator, and some parts of the northwest extend to the western hemisphere. It borders the Indian Ocean in the east, the Atlantic Ocean in the west, Europe across the Mediterranean Sea and the Strait of Gibraltar in the north, and Asia in the northeast corner with the narrow Red Sea and Suez Canal.

Scope: the mainland reaches Cape Hafeng (5124' e,10 27' n) in the east, Cape Agus (20 02' E, 34 51's) in the south and Cape Verde (17) in the west.

Area: about 30.2 million square kilometers (including nearby islands). It accounts for about 20.2% of the world's total land area, and is the second largest continent in the world after Asia.

Geographical area: At present, there are 56 countries and regions in Africa. Geographically, Africa is traditionally divided into five regions: North Africa, East Africa, West Africa, Central Africa and South Africa. North Africa usually includes Egypt, Sudan, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Azores and Madeira. East Africa usually includes Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Djibouti, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Seychelles. West Africa usually includes Mauritania, Western Sahara, Senegal, Gambia, Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Cape Verde, Sierra Leone, Liberia, C? te d 'Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Niger, Nigeria and the Canary Islands. Central Africa usually includes Chad, Central Africa, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo and Sao Tome and Principe. South Africa usually includes Zambia, Angola, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique, Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Lesotho, Madagascar, Comoros, Mauritius, reunion island and St. Helena.

resident

The population is 748 million. It accounts for 12.9% of the world population, ranking second in the world after Asia. Africa's birth rate, mortality rate and growth rate are among the highest in the world. The population distribution is extremely unbalanced, with about 65,438+0,000 people per square kilometer along the Nile and the Delta. Sahara, Namib, Kalahadi and other deserts and some arid grasslands and semi-desert areas are less than 1 person per square kilometer. There are also large areas of no man's land.

Race: Africa is the most complex region in the world. Most ethnic groups in Africa belong to black people, and the rest belong to white people and yellow people.

Language: There are about 800 African languages. Generally divided into four language families.

Religion: African residents mostly believe in primitive religion and Islam, while a few believe in Catholicism and Christianity.

natural environment

The coastline of the mainland is as long as 30500 kilometers. The coast is relatively flat and lacks bays and peninsulas.

Islands: Africa is the continent with the least islands in the world. Most of them are small islands except Madagascar (the fourth largest island in the world). The total area of the island is about 620,000 square kilometers, accounting for less than 3% of the total area of the whole continent.

Terrain: The African continent is wide in the north and narrow in the south, showing an equilateral triangle. The longest from north to south is about 8,000 kilometers, and the widest from east to west is about 7,500 kilometers. Africa is a plateau continent with relatively flat terrain, and the obvious mountains are limited to the north and south ends. The average elevation of the whole continent is 750 meters. The plateau with an altitude of 500 1 000 meters accounts for more than 60% of the whole continent. Mountains and plateaus above 2000 meters above sea level account for about 5% of the whole continent. The plains below 200 meters above sea level are mostly distributed in coastal areas. The terrain is roughly bounded by the line from the mouth of Congo River in Democratic Republic of Congo to the northern edge of Ethiopian Plateau, which is higher in the southeast half and lower in the northwest half. The southeast half is called High Africa, with an altitude of 1000 meters above sea level, including the Ethiopian Plateau (more than 2000 meters above sea level, known as the "roof of Africa"), the East African Plateau and the South African Plateau, and the Kalahadi Basin on the South African Plateau. The northwest half is called low Africa, and the altitude is mostly below 500 meters. Most of them are low plateaus and basins, including the upper Nile basin, Congo basin and Chad basin. The higher mountains in Africa stand in the coastal areas of the plateau, with Atlas Mountain in the northwest coast. There are Draken Mountains along the southeast coast; There are Mount Kenya and Mount Kilimanjaro in the east. Kilimanjaro is an active volcano with an altitude of 5895 meters, which is the highest peak in Africa. East Africa has the largest rift zone in the world. The eastern branch of the rift zone starts from the Schiller estuary in the south, passes through Lake Malawi, passes through the Central East African Plateau and the Central Ethiopia Plateau in the north, and passes through the Red Sea to the north of the Dead Sea, with a length of about 6,400 kilometers. The west branch of the rift zone starts from the northwest end of Lake Malawi in the south, passes through Lake Tanganyika, Lake Kivu, Lake Edward and Lake Albert, and reaches the Nile Valley in Albert. It is about 1 700 km long, and the rift zone is generally as deep as 1 1,000? 000 meters, tens of kilometers to 300 kilometers wide, forming a series of narrow and deep valleys and lakes, among which the elevation of Assal Lake is 156 meters, which is the lowest point in Africa.

Desert: Africa's desert area accounts for about 1/3 of the whole continent, which is the largest desert area in the continent. Sahara Desert is the largest desert in the world, covering an area of 7.77 million square kilometers. There are also namib desert and Kalahadi Desert in the southwest.

Volcanoes and earthquakes: There are a series of extinct and active volcanoes in and around the Great Rift Valley in East Africa, among which the tall volcano is over 5000 meters above sea level. There are also many tall volcanoes in central and western Africa. The Rift Valley in East Africa is also the region with the most frequent and intense earthquakes in Africa.

Water system: the outflow area of Africa accounts for about 68.2% of the whole continent. The outflow systems of the Atlantic Ocean are mostly rivers with a long history, including Nile, Congo, Niger, senegal river, volta river and Orange. With a total length of 6,676,5438+0 km, the Nile is the longest river in the world. The basin area and flow of Congo River are second only to Amazon River, ranking second in the world. The outflow system of Indian Ocean includes Zambezi River, limpopo river River, Juba River, short rivers on the east coast of Africa and rivers on Madagascar Island. Africa's internal water system and no-flow zone covers an area of 9.58 million square kilometers, accounting for about 3 1.8% of the total area of the whole continent. Among them, only Lake Chad basin has a perfect water system. Okavango River basin and Sahara desert are very dry, and there are many intermittent rivers and many dry valleys in the desert. The inflow area also includes the lake area of the Great Rift Valley in East Africa, and rivers flow into the lake from the surrounding highlands. The lake area has abundant rainfall and dense river network, which is different from other arid inflow areas. African lakes are concentrated in the East African Plateau, and a few are scattered in inland basins. Plateau lakes are mostly fault lakes with long and narrow water depth, which are arranged in the Great Rift Valley of East Africa in a beaded shape, among which Lake Victoria is the largest lake in Africa and the second largest freshwater lake in the world. Lake Tanganyika is the second deepest lake in the world. Lake Tana, located in the Ethiopian Plateau, is the highest lake in Africa, with an altitude of 1, 830 meters. Lake Chad is the largest lake in the inland basin, and its area often changes. Climate: Africa is called "tropical continent". Its climate is characterized by high temperature, little rain and dryness, and the distribution of climatic zones is symmetrical from north to south. The equator passes through the center, and with the increase of latitude, the climate generally decreases from the equator. The area with annual average temperature above 20℃ accounts for about 95% of the whole continent, and half of them agree.

2011-10-1713: 30 303063656 | Level II

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest ocean in the world. Located between North and South America and Europe, Africa and Antarctica.

2011-10-17 20: 29 Enthusiastic users

. . . . . . . . agree

2011-10-1812: 57 Enthusiastic users

not bad